python matplotlib绘图

python matplotlib绘图

• 使图片能够显示中文

plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif']=['SimHei']
plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False

• 在折线图上显示数据

for a, b in zip(x1, y1):
    plt.text(a, b,round(b,2), ha='center', va='bottom', fontsize=11)

• 调整图片的分辨率

plt.figure(dpi=400,figsize=(15,9))

• 在图片上加入图例

plt.legend(["平均分","最高分","最低分"])

• 画柱状图

plt.bar(x4,y4)

• 横轴显示不完全，可以选择斜着表示

plt.xticks(rotation=-30) 

总的代码

import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
score=pd.read_excel(r"C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\04011904_score.xls")
ave_score={}
max_score={}
min_score={}
fail_num={}
for i in range(2,12):
    ave_score[score.columns.values[i]]=score[score.columns.values[i]].mean()
    max_score[score.columns.values[i]]=score[score.columns.values[i]].max()
    min_score[score.columns.values[i]]=score[score.columns.values[i]].min()
    fail_num[score.columns.values[i]]=score[score[score.columns.values[i]]<60].count()
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif']=['SimHei']
plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False
plt.figure(dpi=400,figsize=(15,9)) #分辨率
x1=list(ave_score.keys())
y1=list(ave_score.values())
plt.plot(x1,y1,color='b')
for a, b in zip(x1, y1):
    plt.text(a, b,round(b,2), ha='center', va='bottom', fontsize=11)
x2=list(max_score.keys())
y2=list(max_score.values())
plt.plot(x2,y2,color='r')
for a, b in zip(x2, y2):
    plt.text(a, b,round(b,2), ha='center', va='bottom', fontsize=11)
x3=list(min_score.keys())
y3=list(min_score.values())
plt.plot(x3,y3,color='g') 
for a, b in zip(x3, y3):
    plt.text(a, b,round(b,2), ha='center', va='bottom', fontsize=11)
plt.legend(["平均分","最高分","最低分"]) #图例
plt.show()
fail=[1,0,0,0,1,2,0,4,0,0]
i=0
for key in fail_num.keys():
    fail_num[key]=fail[i]
    i+=1
print(fail_num)
x4=list(fail_num.keys())
y4=fail
plt.title('单科挂科人数')

plt.bar(x4,y4)
for a, b in zip(x4, y4):
    plt.text(a, b,b, ha='center', va='bottom', fontsize=11)
plt.xticks(rotation=-30) #斜着表示
plt.show()

效果图