DataSourceUtils 管理参与事务性的JDBC连接

提供一些静态方法用于管理可能参与事务的JDBC连接。JDBCTemplate
或JDBCDaoSupport自动使用它，而且在DataSourceTransactionManager或JTATransactionManager，hibernateTransactionManager中支持。
DataSourceTransactionManager中
  DataSourceTransactionManager.DataSourceTransactionObject在事务开始时存储连接，事务完结后使用它获取连接以回复只读，隔离级别及释放连接。在事务挂起和回复时只是解除或重新绑定Holder到当前线程。
   成员变量
   newConnectionHolder：ConnectionHolder是否为DataSourceTransactionManager doBegin创建。true说明由事务管理器创建，那么在doBegin方法中获取连接并将Holder绑定到线程，在事务完结后由doCleanupAfterCompletion方法接触Holder绑定并释放连接。
   mustRestoreAutoCommit:在事务开始时保存连接自动提交模式，进入Spring事务管理将禁用连接自动提交模式，当事务完结后doCleanupAfterCompletion将回复Spring管理之前连接的自动提交模式(无论是禁用的还是启用的：虽然很多数据源提供了自动连接模式，但Spring要求必须禁用）。
   方法
   hasTransaction  由connectionHolder.isTransactionActive决定，事务开始时设置，完结后清除
   setRollbackOnly 设置本地只读标志，AbstractPlatformTransactionManager中提到

/**
	 * DataSource transaction object, representing a ConnectionHolder.
	 * Used as transaction object by DataSourceTransactionManager.
	 */
	private static class DataSourceTransactionObject extends JdbcTransactionObjectSupport {

		private boolean newConnectionHolder;

		private boolean mustRestoreAutoCommit;

		public void setConnectionHolder(ConnectionHolder connectionHolder, boolean newConnectionHolder) {
			super.setConnectionHolder(connectionHolder);
			this.newConnectionHolder = newConnectionHolder;
		}

		public boolean isNewConnectionHolder() {
			return this.newConnectionHolder;
		}

		public boolean hasTransaction() {
			return (getConnectionHolder() != null && getConnectionHolder().isTransactionActive());
		}

		public void setMustRestoreAutoCommit(boolean mustRestoreAutoCommit) {
			this.mustRestoreAutoCommit = mustRestoreAutoCommit;
		}

		public boolean isMustRestoreAutoCommit() {
			return this.mustRestoreAutoCommit;
		}

		public void setRollbackOnly() {
			getConnectionHolder().setRollbackOnly();
		}

		public boolean isRollbackOnly() {
			return getConnectionHolder().isRollbackOnly();
		}
	} 



  DataSourceUtils.ConnectionSynchronization主要用于JTATransactionManager的资源挂起，回复，资源清理；也支持其它应用的资源清理操作。
  方法
  suspend 事务挂起时调用，除了解绑资源更重要的是尽可能早的释放连接，DataSourceUtils可重新获取新的连接并绑定到Holder
  beforeCompletion 事务提交或回滚之前调用，解绑资源和尽可能早的释放连接，当连接被其他应用释放掉DataSourceUtils.releaseConnection（JTA规范规定事务处理完成后，必须关闭所有资源）
  afterCompletion  事务提交或回滚之后调用，在JTATransactionManager支持下，对于参与性事务该方法被注册到J2EE事务管理器上由JTA事务完成后执行，有可能与在一个不同于当前线程的线程中执行，那Holder便不可解除。所以我们必须将连接置空。而且在事务完成之后将事务状态：同步只读事务超时引用全部清空。


/**
	 * Callback for resource cleanup at the end of a non-native JDBC transaction
	 * (e.g. when participating in a JtaTransactionManager transaction).
	 * @see org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager
	 */
	private static class ConnectionSynchronization extends TransactionSynchronizationAdapter {

		private final ConnectionHolder connectionHolder;

		private final DataSource dataSource;

		private int order;

		private boolean holderActive = true;

		public ConnectionSynchronization(ConnectionHolder connectionHolder, DataSource dataSource) {
			this.connectionHolder = connectionHolder;
			this.dataSource = dataSource;
			this.order = getConnectionSynchronizationOrder(dataSource);
		}

		@Override
		public int getOrder() {
			return this.order;
		}

		@Override
		public void suspend() {
			if (this.holderActive) {
				TransactionSynchronizationManager.unbindResource(this.dataSource);
				if (this.connectionHolder.hasConnection() && !this.connectionHolder.isOpen()) {
					// Release Connection on suspend if the application doesn't keep
					// a handle to it anymore. We will fetch a fresh Connection if the
					// application accesses the ConnectionHolder again after resume,
					// assuming that it will participate in the same transaction.
					releaseConnection(this.connectionHolder.getConnection(), this.dataSource);
					this.connectionHolder.setConnection(null);
				}
			}
		}

		@Override
		public void resume() {
			if (this.holderActive) {
				TransactionSynchronizationManager.bindResource(this.dataSource, this.connectionHolder);
			}
		}

		@Override
		public void beforeCompletion() {
			// Release Connection early if the holder is not open anymore
			// (that is, not used by another resource like a Hibernate Session
			// that has its own cleanup via transaction synchronization),
			// to avoid issues with strict JTA implementations that expect
			// the close call before transaction completion.
			if (!this.connectionHolder.isOpen()) {
				TransactionSynchronizationManager.unbindResource(this.dataSource);
				this.holderActive = false;
				if (this.connectionHolder.hasConnection()) {
					releaseConnection(this.connectionHolder.getConnection(), this.dataSource);
				}
			}
		}

		@Override
		public void afterCompletion(int status) {
			// If we haven't closed the Connection in beforeCompletion,
			// close it now. The holder might have been used for other
			// cleanup in the meantime, for example by a Hibernate Session.
			if (this.holderActive) {
				// The thread-bound ConnectionHolder might not be available anymore,
				// since afterCompletion might get called from a different thread.
				TransactionSynchronizationManager.unbindResourceIfPossible(this.dataSource);
				this.holderActive = false;
				if (this.connectionHolder.hasConnection()) {
					releaseConnection(this.connectionHolder.getConnection(), this.dataSource);
					// Reset the ConnectionHolder: It might remain bound to the thread.
					this.connectionHolder.setConnection(null);
				}
			}
			this.connectionHolder.reset();
		}
	}


  JTATransactionManager支持下无论事务开始，挂起，回复，完成都与资源操作无关（这是JTA事务具备而本地事务不具备的优点)。在应用中可调用JdbcTemplate或JDBCDaoSupport或DataSourceUtils。在Spring同步激活下，初次调用DataSourceUtils.getConnection时，会注册DataSourceUtils.ConnectionSynchronization实例。hibernateTransactionManager支持下当检测到javax.sql.DataSource时会绑定新的ConnectionHolder,它的connection是由Session提供的因此他只是一个连接代理，没有权利也不必关心连接的释放。只有刚获取的连接才有资格由ConnectionSynchronization资源释放。其它应用与之类似。

  方法
  doGetConnection获取JDBC连接
public static Connection doGetConnection(DataSource dataSource) throws SQLException {
		Assert.notNull(dataSource, "No DataSource specified");

		ConnectionHolder conHolder = (ConnectionHolder) TransactionSynchronizationManager.getResource(dataSource);
		if (conHolder != null && (conHolder.hasConnection() || conHolder.isSynchronizedWithTransaction())) {
//如果Holder被绑定着，并且能使用连接或者Holder作为事务管理器开启事务或Spring同步所管理，这种情况可视为连接可重新获取。
			conHolder.requested();
			if (!conHolder.hasConnection()) {
				logger.debug("Fetching resumed JDBC Connection from DataSource");
				conHolder.setConnection(dataSource.getConnection());
			}
			return conHolder.getConnection();
		}
		// Else we either got no holder or an empty thread-bound holder here.

		logger.debug("Fetching JDBC Connection from DataSource");
                 //获取新的连接
		Connection con = dataSource.getConnection();
                //spring同步激活了，可用同步实例管理资源
		if (TransactionSynchronizationManager.isSynchronizationActive()) {
			logger.debug("Registering transaction synchronization for JDBC Connection");
			// Use same Connection for further JDBC actions within the transaction.
			// Thread-bound object will get removed by synchronization at transaction completion.
			ConnectionHolder holderToUse = conHolder;
			if (holderToUse == null) {
				holderToUse = new ConnectionHolder(con);
			}
			else {
				holderToUse.setConnection(con);
			}
			holderToUse.requested();
			TransactionSynchronizationManager.registerSynchronization(
					new ConnectionSynchronization(holderToUse, dataSource));
			holderToUse.setSynchronizedWithTransaction(true);
			if (holderToUse != conHolder) {
				TransactionSynchronizationManager.bindResource(dataSource, holderToUse);
			}
		}

		return con;
	}