UDP的理论不再多说,我这里直接给出一个关于UDP的HelloWorld程序,代码明了,希望对刚入门的学生有所帮助!
当然,实际上,在这块我也刚入门!
首先写服务端代码,服务端邦定本地的IP和端口来监听访问:
- package udp;
- import java.io.IOException;
- import java.net.DatagramPacket;
- import java.net.DatagramSocket;
- import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
- /**
- * UDP服务类
- */
- public class UdpServerSocket {
- private byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
- private static DatagramSocket ds = null;
- private DatagramPacket packet = null;
- private InetSocketAddress socketAddress = null;
- /**
- * 测试方法
- */
- public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
- String serverHost = "127.0.0.1";
- int serverPort = 3344;
- UdpServerSocket udpServerSocket = new UdpServerSocket(serverHost,
- serverPort);
- while (true) {
- udpServerSocket.receive();
- udpServerSocket.response("你好,吃了吗!");
- }
- }
- /**
- * 构造函数,绑定主机和端口
- */
- public UdpServerSocket(String host, int port) throws Exception {
- socketAddress = new InetSocketAddress(host, port);
- ds = new DatagramSocket(socketAddress);
- System.out.println("服务端启动!");
- }
- /**
- * 接收数据包,该方法会造成线程阻塞
- */
- public final String receive() throws IOException {
- packet = new DatagramPacket(buffer, buffer.length);
- ds.receive(packet);
- String info = new String(packet.getData(), 0, packet.getLength());
- System.out.println("接收信息:" + info);
- return info;
- }
- /**
- * 将响应包发送给请求端
- */
- public final void response(String info) throws IOException {
- System.out.println("客户端地址 : " + packet.getAddress().getHostAddress()
- + ",端口:" + packet.getPort());
- DatagramPacket dp = new DatagramPacket(buffer, buffer.length, packet
- .getAddress(), packet.getPort());
- dp.setData(info.getBytes());
- ds.send(dp);
- }
- }
运行后提示服务端运行成功,程序开始监听端口,接收方法堵塞,当有访问时才会向下进行!
我们写客户端进行访问,看到网上的例子都是直接创建了 DatagramSocket 对象,而其实自己都不知道自己使用的端口是那个,这里我创建时会指定自己邦定的端口,其实很简单,就是初始化该对象时传递一个端口参数。
这里你访问客户端时客户端会打印你的IP和端口!
看一看客户端代码:
- package udp;
- import java.io.*;
- import java.net.*;
- /**
- * UDP客户端程序,用于对服务端发送数据,并接收服务端的回应信息
- */
- public class UdpClientSocket {
- private byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
- private static DatagramSocket ds = null;
- /**
- * 测试客户端发包和接收回应信息的方法
- */
- public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
- UdpClientSocket client = new UdpClientSocket();
- String serverHost = "127.0.0.1";
- int serverPort = 3344;
- client.send(serverHost, serverPort, ("你好,亲爱的!").getBytes());
- byte[] bt = client.receive();
- System.out.println("服务端回应数据:" + new String(bt));
- // 关闭连接
- try {
- ds.close();
- } catch (Exception ex) {
- ex.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- /**
- * 构造函数,创建UDP客户端
- */
- public UdpClientSocket() throws Exception {
- ds = new DatagramSocket(8899); // 邦定本地端口作为客户端
- }
- /**
- * 向指定的服务端发送数据信息
- */
- public final void send(final String host, final int port,
- final byte[] bytes) throws IOException {
- DatagramPacket dp = new DatagramPacket(bytes, bytes.length, InetAddress.getByName(host), port);
- ds.send(dp);
- }
- /**
- * 接收从指定的服务端发回的数据
- */
- public final byte[] receive()
- throws Exception {
- DatagramPacket dp = new DatagramPacket(buffer, buffer.length);
- ds.receive(dp);
- byte[] data = new byte[dp.getLength()];
- System.arraycopy(dp.getData(), 0, data, 0, dp.getLength());
- return data;
- }
- }
直接运行程序看效果!
<script type="text/javascript"> </script><script type="text/javascript" src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js"></script>