主机配置nginx后如何获取访问者IP

proxy_set_header用来设定被代理服务器接收到的header信息。

语法：proxy_set_header field value;
field ：为要更改的项目，也可以理解为变量的名字，比如host
value ：为变量的值
如果不设置proxy_set_header，则默认host的值为proxy_pass后面跟的那个域名或者IP（一般写IP）

proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
和
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
用来设置被代理端接收到的远程客户端IP，如果不设置，则header信息中并不会透传远程真实客户端的IP地址。

配置示例：

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name www.xxx.com;
 
    location /aming/
    {
    proxy_pass http://192.168.1.10:8080/linux/;
    proxy_set_header host $host;
    proxy_set_header X-Real-IP      $remote_addr;  #获取客户端真实IP
    proxy_set_header REMOTE-HOST $remote_addr;
    proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
 
    }
}

这段配置也是一般情况下，反向代理的标准配置。

获取ip地址

public class IpUtil {
    public static String getIPAddress(HttpServletRequest request) {
        String ip = null;

        //X-Forwarded-For：Squid 服务代理
        String ipAddresses = request.getHeader("X-Forwarded-For");

        if (ipAddresses == null || ipAddresses.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ipAddresses)) {
            //Proxy-Client-IP：apache 服务代理
            ipAddresses = request.getHeader("Proxy-Client-IP");
        }

        if (ipAddresses == null || ipAddresses.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ipAddresses)) {
            //WL-Proxy-Client-IP：weblogic 服务代理
            ipAddresses = request.getHeader("WL-Proxy-Client-IP");
        }

        if (ipAddresses == null || ipAddresses.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ipAddresses)) {
            //HTTP_CLIENT_IP：有些代理服务器
            ipAddresses = request.getHeader("HTTP_CLIENT_IP");
        }

        if (ipAddresses == null || ipAddresses.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ipAddresses)) {
            //X-Real-IP：nginx服务代理
            ipAddresses = request.getHeader("X-Real-IP");
        }

        //有些网络通过多层代理，那么获取到的ip就会有多个，一般都是通过逗号（,）分割开来，并且第一个ip为客户端的真实IP
        if (ipAddresses != null && ipAddresses.length() != 0) {
            ip = ipAddresses.split(",")[0];
        }

        //还是不能获取到，最后再通过request.getRemoteAddr();获取
        if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ipAddresses)) {
            ip = request.getRemoteAddr();
        }
        return ip;
    }
}

参考地址：
https://blog.csdn.net/run65536/article/details/108556648
https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/D854ko4vJE/