整个图的 G i b b s Gibbs Gibbs能量为:
E ( a ‾ , k , θ ‾ , z ) = U ( a ‾ , k , θ ‾ , z ) + V ( a ‾ , z ) E(\underline{a},k,\underline{\theta},z)=U(\underline{a},k,\underline{\theta},z)+V(\underline{a},z) E(a,k,θ,z)=U(a,k,θ,z)+V(a,z)
U ( a ‾ , k , θ ‾ , z ) = ∑ n D ( a n , k n , θ ‾ , z n ) n ∈ { 1 , . . . , N } U(\underline{a},k,\underline{\theta},z)=\sum_{n} D(a_n,k_n,\underline{\theta},z_n)\quad n\in \{1,...,N \} U(a,k,θ,z)=n∑