springboot 自带定时任务 EnableScheduling
官方文档链接 https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/reference/htmlsingle/#boot-features-task-execution-scheduling
1.在启动类 Application 加上 @EnableScheduling 注解
他来自 org.springframework.scheduling.annotation; 包 3.1版本出现
@SpringBootApplication
//定时开启
@EnableScheduling
public class DemoApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
}
}
2.在调度方法上面加上Scheduled注解,记得声明bean
在调度方法上面加上Scheduled注解 来自org.springframework.scheduling.annotation;包 3.0版本出现
//添加 Component 注解
@Component
public class ItemTask {
//调度的方法5秒执行一次
@Scheduled(fixedDelay = 5 * 1000)
public void itemTack() {
System.out.println("=================");
}
//调度方法十秒执行一次
@Scheduled(cron = "0/10 * * * * ? ")
public void itemTack2() {
System.out.println("=================");
}
}
Scheduling注解支持很多种表达式,点开源码可以看到
分别是 cron ,zone ,fixedDelay,fixedDelayString,fixedRate,fixedRateString
,initialDelay,initialDelayString
相应的源码注释,作者也复制出来了,想要深入的读者自行翻译,或者点击源代码阅读,并且使用
/**
* A special cron expression value that indicates a disabled trigger: {@value}.
* <p>This is primarily meant for use with ${...} placeholders, allowing for
* external disabling of corresponding scheduled methods.
* @since 5.1
*/
String CRON_DISABLED = "-";
/**
* A cron-like expression, extending the usual UN*X definition to include triggers
* on the second as well as minute, hour, day of month, month and day of week.
* <p>E.g. {@code "0 * * * * MON-FRI"} means once per minute on weekdays
* (at the top of the minute - the 0th second).
* <p>The special value {@link #CRON_DISABLED "-"} indicates a disabled cron trigger,
* primarily meant for externally specified values resolved by a ${...} placeholder.
* @return an expression that can be parsed to a cron schedule
* @see org.springframework.scheduling.support.CronSequenceGenerator
*/
String cron() default "";
/**
* A time zone for which the cron expression will be resolved. By default, this
* attribute is the empty String (i.e. the server's local time zone will be used).
* @return a zone id accepted by {@link java.util.TimeZone#getTimeZone(String)},
* or an empty String to indicate the server's default time zone
* @since 4.0
* @see org.springframework.scheduling.support.CronTrigger#CronTrigger(String, java.util.TimeZone)
* @see java.util.TimeZone
*/
String zone() default "";
/**
* Execute the annotated method with a fixed period in milliseconds between the
* end of the last invocation and the start of the next.
* @return the delay in milliseconds
*/
long fixedDelay() default -1;
/**
* Execute the annotated method with a fixed period in milliseconds between the
* end of the last invocation and the start of the next.
* @return the delay in milliseconds as a String value, e.g. a placeholder
* or a {@link java.time.Duration#parse java.time.Duration} compliant value
* @since 3.2.2
*/
String fixedDelayString() default "";
/**
* Execute the annotated method with a fixed period in milliseconds between
* invocations.
* @return the period in milliseconds
*/
long fixedRate() default -1;
/**
* Execute the annotated method with a fixed period in milliseconds between
* invocations.
* @return the period in milliseconds as a String value, e.g. a placeholder
* or a {@link java.time.Duration#parse java.time.Duration} compliant value
* @since 3.2.2
*/
String fixedRateString() default "";
/**
* Number of milliseconds to delay before the first execution of a
* {@link #fixedRate()} or {@link #fixedDelay()} task.
* @return the initial delay in milliseconds
* @since 3.2
*/
long initialDelay() default -1;
/**
* Number of milliseconds to delay before the first execution of a
* {@link #fixedRate()} or {@link #fixedDelay()} task.
* @return the initial delay in milliseconds as a String value, e.g. a placeholder
* or a {@link java.time.Duration#parse java.time.Duration} compliant value
* @since 3.2.2
*/
String initialDelayString() default "";