绘制海水密度与盐度、温度的关系曲线

数学模型：一个大气压国际海水状态方程（温度-2～40℃，实用盐度0～42） 

讨论在一个“标准大气压”（海压为0）下，海水密度与实用盐度S与温度T的关系

  ρ(S,t,0) = ρw+ AS + BS**3/2 +CS**2

python画图，源代码如下：

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
from matplotlib import cm
from matplotlib import colors


# 导入公式
def A(t):
    a = 8.24493 * 10 ** -1 - 4.0899 * 10 ** -3 * t + 7.6438 * 10 ** -5 * t ** 2
    - 8.2467 * 10 ** -7 * t ** 3 + 5.3875 * 10 ** -9 * t ** 4
    return a


def B(t):
    b = -5.72466 * 10 ** -3 + 1.00227 * 10 ** -4 * t - 1.6546 * 10 ** -6 * t ** 2
    return b


C = 4.8314 * 10 ** -4


def pw(t):
    p = 999.842594 + 6.793952 * 10 ** -2 * t - 9.095290 * 10 ** -3 * t ** 2
    + 1.001685 * 10 ** -4 * t ** 3 - 1.120083 * 10 ** -6 * t ** 4 + 6.536332 * 10 ** -9 * t ** 5
    return p


# 标准大气压下，海压为0
def density(t=19, S=21):
    d = pw(t) + A(t) * S + B(t) * S ** (3 / 2) + C * S ** 2
    # print('pw={}, A={}, B={}, C={}'.format(pw(t), A(t), B(t), C))
    return round(d, 7)


# 生成数据
t_values = np.linspace(-2, 40, 43)
# 添加颜色映射
cmap = cm.get_cmap('RdYlBu_r', 42)

# 数据可视化
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(8, 6))
plt.style.use('seaborn-notebook')
plt.grid(True)
plt.title('density with temperature and salty'.title())

for s in np.arange(0, 43, 7):
    den_t = []
    i = int(s / 7)
    for t_value in t_values:
        den_t.append(density(t=t_value, S=s))
    ax.plot(t_values, den_t, c=cmap(s), label='S={}'.format(s), linewidth=2)
    ax.legend(shadow=False, fontsize=8)

# 设置颜色条
norm = colors.Normalize(vmin=0, vmax=42)
cb = plt.colorbar(cm.ScalarMappable(norm=norm, cmap=cmap), ax=ax, label='Salty', ticks=np.arange(0, 43, 7))

# 坐标轴
plt.xlim(-2, 40)
plt.xticks(np.arange(-2, 41, 6))
plt.xlabel('Temperature:℃')
plt.ylim(995, 1035)
plt.yticks(np.arange(995, 1036, 5))
plt.ylabel('Density:kg/m³')

plt.show()

结果如图：

 第一次发博客，本人水平有限，欢迎指正。😆