最近看到阿里巴巴的android手册中提倡应用内用LocalBroadcastManager来发送本地广播。所以就分析一下其源码。
单例模式
public static LocalBroadcastManager getInstance(Context context) {
synchronized (mLock) {
if (mInstance == null) {
mInstance = new LocalBroadcastManager(context.getApplicationContext());
}
return mInstance;
}
}
/**
构造函数里创建了一个handler
**/
private LocalBroadcastManager(Context context) {
mAppContext = context;
mHandler = new Handler(context.getMainLooper()) {
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
switch (msg.what) {
case MSG_EXEC_PENDING_BROADCASTS:
executePendingBroadcasts();
break;
default:
super.handleMessage(msg);
}
}
};
}
注册BroadcastReceiver
public void registerReceiver(BroadcastReceiver receiver, IntentFilter filter) {
synchronized (mReceivers) {
ReceiverRecord entry = new ReceiverRecord(filter, receiver);
ArrayList<ReceiverRecord> filters = mReceivers.get(receiver);
if (filters == null) {//mReceivers中没有该receiver,先向map中put一个空list
filters = new ArrayList<>(1);
mReceivers.put(receiver, filters);
}
filters.add(entry);//向mReceivers中receiver对应的list中添加receiverrecord
for (int i=0; i<filter.countActions(); i++) {//遍历注册的IntentFilter的action(一个IntentFilter中可能会有多个action),向action对应的list中添加receiverrecord
String action = filter.getAction(i);
ArrayList<ReceiverRecord> entries = mActions.get(action);
if (entries == null) {
entries = new ArrayList<ReceiverRecord>(1);
mActions.put(action, entries);
}
entries.add(entry);
}
}
}
如图 该函数主要用两个map来存储信息,第一个mRecivers以receiver为key value是ReceiverRecord列表。ReceiverRecord成员变量就是注册的receiver和intentfilter。(这里用list储存,一个receiver可以有多个intentfilter)。第二个mActions以intentfilter中的action为key,同样list为value存储注册的receiver和intentfilter(这里用list,多个recevier可以同时监听某一个action)
取消注册,围绕注册时的两个变量去移除相应数据
public void unregisterReceiver(BroadcastReceiver receiver) {
synchronized (mReceivers) {
final ArrayList<ReceiverRecord> filters = mReceivers.remove(receiver);
if (filters == null) {
return;
}
for (int i=filters.size()-1; i>=0; i--) {//遍历receiver对应的每个ReceiverRecord
final ReceiverRecord filter = filters.get(i);
filter.dead = true;//标记死亡,无法再响应
for (int j=0; j<filter.filter.countActions(); j++) {//遍历每个ReceiverRecord中的的IntentFilter中的action
final String action = filter.filter.getAction(j);
final ArrayList<ReceiverRecord> receivers = mActions.get(action);
if (receivers != null) {
for (int k=receivers.size()-1; k>=0; k--) {
final ReceiverRecord rec = receivers.get(k);
if (rec.receiver == receiver) {
rec.dead = true;
receivers.remove(k);
}
}
if (receivers.size() <= 0) {
mActions.remove(action);
}
}
}
}
}
}
发送广播:工作根据IntenFilter匹配规则从注册的BroadcastReceiver中匹配receiver
public boolean sendBroadcast(Intent intent) {
synchronized (mReceivers) {
final String action = intent.getAction();
final String type = intent.resolveTypeIfNeeded(
mAppContext.getContentResolver());
final Uri data = intent.getData();
final String scheme = intent.getScheme();
final Set<String> categories = intent.getCategories();
//根据action去map中查找匹配该action的BroadcastReceiver
ArrayList<ReceiverRecord> entries = mActions.get(intent.getAction());
if (entries != null) {
ArrayList<ReceiverRecord> receivers = null;
for (int i=0; i<entries.size(); i++) {//遍历匹配到的BroadcastReceiver
ReceiverRecord receiver = entries.get(i);
if (receiver.broadcasting) {//正匹配,不重复处理
continue;
}
//这里利用IntentFilter的匹配规则根据action,
//type,scheme,data来查看遍历的recevier是否完全匹配
int match = receiver.filter.match(action, type, scheme, data,
categories, "LocalBroadcastManager");
if (match >= 0) {
if (receivers == null) {
receivers = new ArrayList<ReceiverRecord>();
}
receivers.add(receiver);
receiver.broadcasting = true;
} else {}
}
}
if (receivers != null) {
for (int i=0; i<receivers.size(); i++) {
receivers.get(i).broadcasting = false;
}
//将四项都匹配的Receiver放到一个list中待处理,并且
//利用主线程的handler发送一个消息,该handler就是构造函数中创建的handler
mPendingBroadcasts.add(new BroadcastRecord(intent, receivers));
if (!mHandler.hasMessages(MSG_EXEC_PENDING_BROADCASTS)) {
mHandler.sendEmptyMessage(MSG_EXEC_PENDING_BROADCASTS);
}
return true;
}
}
}
return false;
}
handler处理消息调用该方法
private void executePendingBroadcasts() {
while (true) {
final BroadcastRecord[] brs;
synchronized (mReceivers) {
final int N = mPendingBroadcasts.size();
if (N <= 0) {
return;//回调完匹配到的receiver后退出while循环
}
brs = new BroadcastRecord[N];
mPendingBroadcasts.toArray(brs);
mPendingBroadcasts.clear();
}
for (int i=0; i<brs.length; i++) {
final BroadcastRecord br = brs[i];
final int nbr = br.receivers.size();
for (int j=0; j<nbr; j++) {
final ReceiverRecord rec = br.receivers.get(j);
if (!rec.dead) {
//回调receiver的onReceiver方法,注意这是在主线程中回调,onReceive的参数context是生成LocalBroadcastManager时获取的ApplicationContext intent是发送广播时的intent
rec.receiver.onReceive(mAppContext, br.intent);
}
}
}
}
}
结论:LocalBroadcastManager本质上是使用handler来进行通信,它只是利用了Broadcast这一套匹配规则。handler通信仅限于同一进程,所以LocalBroadcastManager也限于同一进程间通信