jpa设计树菜单演化(一)

java代码：

@Entity
public class Category {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private Integer id;
 
    /**
     * 名称
     */
    private String name;
 
    /**
     * 关键词
     */
    private String keywords;
 
    /**
     * 描述
     */
    private String description;
 
    /**
     * 层级
     */
    private Integer level;
 
    /**
     * 排序
     */
    private Integer sequence;
 
    /**
     * 子类
     */
    @OneToMany(cascade = CascadeType.ALL, fetch = FetchType.LAZY)
    @JoinColumn(name = "parent_id")
    @OrderBy("sequence asc")
    private List<Category> children = new ArrayList<>();

	public Integer getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
 
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
 
    public String getKeywords() {
        return keywords;
    }
 
    public void setKeywords(String keywords) {
        this.keywords = keywords;
    }
 
    public String getDescription() {
        return description;
    }
 
    public void setDescription(String description) {
        this.description = description;
    }
 
    public Integer getLevel() {
        return level;
    }
 
    public void setLevel(Integer level) {
        this.level = level;
    }
 
    public Integer getSequence() {
        return sequence;
    }
 
    public void setSequence(Integer sequence) {
        this.sequence = sequence;
    }
 
    public List<Category> getChildren() {
        return children;
    }
 
    public void setChildren(List<Category> children) {
        this.children = children;
    }

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Category [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", keywords=" + keywords + ", description="
				+ description + ", level=" + level + ", sequence=" + sequence + ", children="
				+ children + "]";
	}
    
}

生成的数据库如图：

初始化数据sql:

INSERT INTO `category` (`id`, `description`, `keywords`, `level`, `name`, `sequence`, `parent_id`) VALUES ('1', NULL, NULL, '0', '根目录', NULL, '0');
INSERT INTO `category` (`id`, `description`, `keywords`, `level`, `name`, `sequence`, `parent_id`) VALUES ('2', NULL, NULL, '1', '河北', NULL, '1');
INSERT INTO `category` (`id`, `description`, `keywords`, `level`, `name`, `sequence`, `parent_id`) VALUES ('3', NULL, NULL, '1', '山东', NULL, '1');
INSERT INTO `category` (`id`, `description`, `keywords`, `level`, `name`, `sequence`, `parent_id`) VALUES ('4', NULL, NULL, '1', '湖南', NULL, '1');
INSERT INTO `category` (`id`, `description`, `keywords`, `level`, `name`, `sequence`, `parent_id`) VALUES ('5', NULL, NULL, '2', '石家庄', NULL, '2');
INSERT INTO `category` (`id`, `description`, `keywords`, `level`, `name`, `sequence`, `parent_id`) VALUES ('6', NULL, NULL, '2', '邢台', NULL, '2');
INSERT INTO `category` (`id`, `description`, `keywords`, `level`, `name`, `sequence`, `parent_id`) VALUES ('7', NULL, NULL, '2', '济南', NULL, '3');
INSERT INTO `category` (`id`, `description`, `keywords`, `level`, `name`, `sequence`, `parent_id`) VALUES ('8', NULL, NULL, '2', '临沂', NULL, '3');
INSERT INTO `category` (`id`, `description`, `keywords`, `level`, `name`, `sequence`, `parent_id`) VALUES ('9', NULL, NULL, '2', '长沙', NULL, '4');
INSERT INTO `category` (`id`, `description`, `keywords`, `level`, `name`, `sequence`, `parent_id`) VALUES ('10', NULL, NULL, '2', '株洲', NULL, '4');
INSERT INTO `category` (`id`, `description`, `keywords`, `level`, `name`, `sequence`, `parent_id`) VALUES ('11', NULL, NULL, '2', '湘潭', NULL, '4');
INSERT INTO `category` (`id`, `description`, `keywords`, `level`, `name`, `sequence`, `parent_id`) VALUES ('12', NULL, NULL, '3', '桥东区', NULL, '5');
INSERT INTO `category` (`id`, `description`, `keywords`, `level`, `name`, `sequence`, `parent_id`) VALUES ('13', NULL, NULL, '3', '桥西区', NULL, '5');

查询代码：

Page<Category> page = categoryRepository.findAll(PageRequest.of(0, 20)); // 第一个参数如果是1的话，查到的是第二页的数据
Optional<Category> findById = categoryRepository.findById(2);
Category category2 = findById.get();
System.out.println(category2);

数据如下：

Category 
[id=2, name=河北, keywords=null, description=null, level=1, sequence=null, 
children=[Category 
[id=5, name=石家庄, keywords=null, description=null, level=2, sequence=null, 
children=[Category [id=12, name=桥东区, keywords=null, description=null, level=3, sequence=null,
children=[]], Category [id=13, name=桥西区, keywords=null, description=null, level=3, sequence=null, 
children=[]]]], Category [id=6, name=邢台, keywords=null, description=null, level=2, sequence=null, children=[]]]
]

可见，这样设计勉强能实现树形菜单的功能。但是如果要找父节点不好找。还需要改进。

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