HttpURLConnection发送POST数据

一、步骤分为

1.通过String类型的URL地址或者是String protocol, String host, int port, String file各字符串值得到URL对象

2、通过URL对象得到HTTPURLConnection

3、通过httpURLConnection对象得到请求的返回值

二、得到URL的三种方式(推荐使用第一种)

1、public URL(String url) 

2、public URL(String protocol, String host, int port, String file)//可自定义请求的端口

3、public URL(String protocol, String host, String file)//默认端口为80

三、得到URLConnection对象

URLConnection urlConnection=url.openConnection();
if(urlConnection instanceof HttpURLConnection)

httpURLConnection=(HttpURLConnection) urlConnection;

四、 通过URLConnection对象得到结果的输入流

InputStream is=urlConnection.getInputStream();

DEMO如下:

I.封装类

package url;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLConnection;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;

public class URLUtils {
	/*
	 * 获取URL通过URL路径
	 */
	public static URL getURL(String strUrl)
	{
		try {
			URL url=new URL(strUrl);
			return url;
		} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
			System.out.println("通过地址得到URL出现异常...");
			e.printStackTrace();
			return null;
		}
	}
	
	/*
	 * 通过URL对象获取Connection链接
	 */
	public static URLConnection getConnectionByURL(URL url,String params)
	{
		HttpURLConnection httpURLConnection=null;
		try {
			URLConnection urlConnection=url.openConnection();
			if(urlConnection instanceof HttpURLConnection)
				httpURLConnection=(HttpURLConnection) urlConnection;
			/*
			 * 设置请求的方式和一些其他的参数
			 */
			httpURLConnection.setDoInput(true);   //需要输入
			httpURLConnection.setUseCaches(false);  //不允许缓存
			httpURLConnection.setRequestMethod("POST");   //设置POST方式连接
		    //设置请求属性
			httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
			httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive");// 维持长连接
			httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Charset", "UTF-8");
			
			httpURLConnection.setDoOutput(true);//允许传入参数
			byte[] paramByte=params.getBytes();
			//参数值不要第一个的  ? 号值
			httpURLConnection.getOutputStream().write(paramByte);//传入参数的byte类型
			return httpURLConnection;
		} catch (IOException e) {
			System.out.println("获取连接异常...");
			e.printStackTrace();
			return null;
		}
	}
	
	/*
	 * 通过URLConnection 对象得到请求的返回值
	 */
	public static String getResponseValue(URLConnection urlConnection) 
	{
		String result="";
		try {
			InputStream is=urlConnection.getInputStream();
			
			BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(
			         new InputStreamReader(is));
			String current;
			while((current = in.readLine()) != null)
			{
				result += current;
			}
			return result;
		} catch (IOException e) {
			System.out.println("请求结果读取异常...");
			e.printStackTrace();
			return result;
		}
	}
	
	/*
	 * 将Map类型的参数值转为String类型
	 */
	public static String mapToString(Map<String,Object> param)
	{
		StringBuffer sb=new StringBuffer("");
		if(param==null||param.size()==0)
			return sb.toString();
		else
		{
			int index=1;
			Set<String> keySet=param.keySet();
			Iterator<String> keys=keySet.iterator();
			while(keys.hasNext())
			{
				String key=keys.next();
				String value=(String) param.get(key);
				if(index==1)
				{					
					sb.append(key+"="+value);
				}else
				{
					sb.append("&"+key+"="+value);
				}
				index+=1;
			}
			return sb.toString();
		}
		
	}
	
	
	
}

II.测试类

package url;

import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLConnection;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

public class URLMain {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		String url="你需要请求的URL连接";
		URL obj=URLUtils.getURL(url);
		Map<String,Object> map=new HashMap<String,Object>();
		//可定义多个参数值 以键值对的方式放入map中  也可使用其他的方式  
		map.put("websiteNo", "ffb6ccf64b");
		String params=URLUtils.mapToString(map);
		URLConnection urlConnection=URLUtils.getConnectionByURL(obj,params);
		String result=URLUtils.getResponseValue(urlConnection);
		System.out.println("请求结果: "+result);
		
	}

}

注.若是以GET的方式请求，则可以将参数直接拼接在URL地址后面，修改下面代码

httpURLConnection.setRequestMethod("GET");   //设置GET方式连接