在openstack中创建镜像 for havana

    当前在OpenStack中没有提供一个方便快捷的方法去创建镜像，需要运维人员使用KVM制作，这无疑提高了对运维人员和环境

（需要一个安装了KVM的linux）的要求，因此我觉得OpenStack还是不适应于私有云的，它是为公有云而生。

本文介绍一种利用Horizon和ISO格式的安装盘来创建镜像的方法，其原理为：

1. 创建一个新的磁盘作为root disk

2. 从Glance下载ISO作为第二块磁盘

3. 从Glance下载virtio作为第三块磁盘

4. 从ISO启动虚拟机，比将系统安装到root disk

5. 创建image并保持到Glance

1.添加一种disk类型newos

* 'mapping': a dict contains the storage device mapping.


   For the default disk types it will contain the following
   keys & values:


      'disk' -> disk_info
      'disk.rescue' -> disk_info
      'disk.local' -> disk_info
      'disk.swap' -> disk_info
      'disk.config' -> disk_info
      'disk.newos' -> disk_info
disk_info指的是：
* 'disk_info': a tuple specifying disk configuration


   It contains the following 3 fields


      (disk bus, disk dev, device type)


 * 'disk_bus': the guest bus type ('ide', 'virtio', 'scsi', etc)


 * 'disk_dev': the device name 'vda', 'hdc', 'sdf', 'xvde' etc


 * 'device_type': type of device eg 'disk', 'cdrom', 'floppy'

2 设置磁盘顺序

在blockinfo.py中，调用逻辑是：

spawn-->get_disk_info -->get_disk_mapping :

    if image_meta and image_meta.get('disk_format') == 'iso':
        root_disk_bus = disk_bus
        #创建虚拟机时如果image_meta中的disk_format为iso, 则认为是创建新image的操作，那么进行如下操作

        #设置disk.newos为root device
        root_device_type = 'disk'

        root_info = get_next_disk_info(mapping,
                                       root_disk_bus,
                                       root_device_type)
        mapping['root'] = root_info
        mapping['disk.newos'] = root_info

        #设置disk(iso)为第二个device
        image_device_type = 'cdrom'
        image_device_bus = cdrom_bus
        cdrom_info = get_next_disk_info(mapping,
                                       image_device_bus,
                                       image_device_type)
        mapping['disk'] = cdrom_info

        #s设置disk.virtio作为第三个设备，为需要virtio的时候提供virtio驱动程序
        virtio_device_type = 'cdrom'
        virtio_device_bus = cdrom_bus
        virtio_device_info = get_next_disk_info(mapping,
                                       virtio_device_bus,
                                       virtio_device_type)
        mapping['disk.virtio'] = virtio_device_info
        return mapping

3 创建磁盘

driver.py中的调逻辑是：spawn--> _create_image

        newos_size_gb = CONF.os_root_disk_size
        if 'disk.newos' in disk_mapping:
            fname = "newos_%s_%s" % (newos_size_gb, os_type_with_default)
            size = newos_size_gb * 1024 * 1024 * 1024
            image('disk.newos').cache(fetch_func=self._create_newos,
                                      filename=fname,
                                      size=size,
                                      newos_size=newos_size_gb)

        virtio_image_id = CONF.virtio_image_id
        virtio_images = {'image_id': virtio_image_id}
        virtio_fname = imagecache.get_cache_fname(virtio_images, 'image_id')
        image('disk.virtio').cache(fetch_func=libvirt_utils.fetch_image,
                                context=context,
                                filename=virtio_fname,
                                size=size,
                                image_id=virtio_image_id,
                                user_id=instance['user_id'],
                                project_id=instance['project_id'])

    @staticmethod
    def _create_newos(target, newos_size):
        #self._create_local(target, newos_size)
        unit='G'
        libvirt_utils.create_image('qcow2', target,
                                   '%d%c' % (newos_size, unit))

4. 将磁盘配置写入XML文件中

driver.py中的调逻辑是：spawn-->get_guest_xml--> get_guest_config-->_get_guest_storage_config

        if rescue:
                diskrescue = self.get_guest_disk_config(instance,
                                                        'disk.rescue',
                                                        disk_mapping,
                                                        inst_type)
                devices.append(diskrescue)

                diskos = self.get_guest_disk_config(instance,
                                                    'disk',
                                                    disk_mapping,
                                                    inst_type)
                devices.append(diskos)
            else:
                #添加device
                if 'disk.newos' in disk_mapping:
                    disknewos = self.get_guest_disk_config(instance,
                                                           'disk.newos',
                                                           disk_mapping,
                                                           inst_type)
                    devices.append(disknewos)

                    diskcdrom = self.get_guest_disk_config(instance,
                                                        'disk',
                                                        disk_mapping,
                                                        inst_type)
                    devices.append(diskcdrom)

                    diskvirtio = self.get_guest_disk_config(instance,
                                                        'disk.virtio',
                                                        disk_mapping,
                                                        inst_type)
                    devices.append(diskvirtio)
                    ###
                else:
                    if 'disk' in disk_mapping:
                        diskos = self.get_guest_disk_config(instance,
                                                            'disk',
                                                             disk_mapping,
                                                             inst_type)
                        devices.append(diskos)