ffmpeg代码分析--h264的GPU加速

硬件选择

-hwaccel_device 0

{ "hwaccel_device",   OPT_VIDEO | OPT_STRING | HAS_ARG |OPT_EXPERT |

                          OPT_SPEC |OPT_INPUT,                                 { .off = OFFSET(hwaccel_devices) },

       "select a device for HW acceleration", "devicename"}

libavutil/hwcontex_cuda.c

cuda_device_create

可以看到使用的CUDA的函数,如cuda_device_init,cuDeviceGet等。

static intcuda_device_create(AVHWDeviceContext *ctx, const char *device,

                              AVDictionary*opts, int flags)

{

   AVCUDADeviceContext *hwctx = ctx->hwctx;

    CudaFunctions*cu;

   CUdevice cu_device;

   CUcontext dummy;

   CUresult err;

   int device_idx = 0;

   if (device)

       device_idx = strtol(device, NULL, 0);

   if (cuda_device_init(ctx) < 0)

       goto error;

   cu = hwctx->internal->cuda_dl;

   err = cu->cuInit(0);

   if (err != CUDA_SUCCESS) {

       av_log(ctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Could not initialize the CUDA driverAPI\n");

       goto error;

    }

    err = cu->cuDeviceGet(&cu_device, device_idx);

    if(err != CUDA_SUCCESS) {

       av_log(ctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Could not get the device number%d\n", device_idx);

       goto error;

    }

    err = cu->cuCtxCreate(&hwctx->cuda_ctx,CU_CTX_SCHED_BLOCKING_SYNC, cu_device);

   if (err != CUDA_SUCCESS) {

        av_log(ctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Errorcreating a CUDA context\n");

       goto error;

    }

    cu->cuCtxPopCurrent(&dummy);

   hwctx->internal->is_allocated = 1;

   return 0;

 error:

   cuda_device_uninit(ctx);

   return AVERROR_UNKNOWN;

}

加速解码

-hwaccel cuvid  -c:v h264_cuvid

    {"hwaccel",          OPT_VIDEO |OPT_STRING | HAS_ARG | OPT_EXPERT |

                          OPT_SPEC |OPT_INPUT,                                  { .off = OFFSET(hwaccels) },

       "use HW accelerated decoding", "hwaccel name" },

const HWAccel hwaccels[] = {

 ...

#if CONFIG_CUVID

    {"cuvid", cuvid_init, HWACCEL_CUVID, AV_PIX_FMT_CUDA,

     AV_HWDEVICE_TYPE_NONE },

#endif

    {0 },

};

 

加速编码

-c:v  h264_nvenc

libavcodec/nvenc_h264.c

AVCodec ff_h264_nvenc_encoder = {

   .name           ="h264_nvenc",

   .long_name      =NULL_IF_CONFIG_SMALL("NVIDIA NVENC H.264 encoder"),

   .type           =AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO,

   .id             =AV_CODEC_ID_H264,

   .init           =ff_nvenc_encode_init,

   .send_frame     =ff_nvenc_send_frame,

   .receive_packet = ff_nvenc_receive_packet,

   .encode2        = ff_nvenc_encode_frame,

   .close          =ff_nvenc_encode_close,

   .priv_data_size = sizeof(NvencContext),

   .priv_class     =&h264_nvenc_class,

   .defaults       = defaults,

   .capabilities   =AV_CODEC_CAP_DELAY,

   .caps_internal  =FF_CODEC_CAP_INIT_CLEANUP,

   .pix_fmts       =ff_nvenc_pix_fmts,

};

libavcodec/nvenc.c

例:ff_nvenc_encode_frame

可以看到库函数nvEncEncodePicture。
要使用 ffmpeg 进行 GPU 加速的 H.264 编码,需要使用 NVIDIA 的 CUDA 库来加速编码过程。同时,也需要使用 OpenCV 库来进行图像处理和转换。 下面是一个示例代码,演示了如何使用 OpenCV 和 ffmpeg 进行 GPU 加速的 H.264 编码。 ```c++ #include <iostream> #include <opencv2/opencv.hpp> #include <opencv2/core/cuda.hpp> #include <opencv2/cudaarithm.hpp> #include <opencv2/cudaimgproc.hpp> #include <opencv2/cudacodec.hpp> #include <opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp> extern "C" { #include <libavcodec/avcodec.h> #include <libavutil/opt.h> } using namespace std; using namespace cv; int main() { // Initialize CUDA cv::cuda::setDevice(0); // Open the video capture device VideoCapture cap(0); // Check if the capture device was successfully opened if (!cap.isOpened()) { cerr << "Failed to open capture device" << endl; return -1; } // Get the default CUDA H.264 encoder Ptr<cv::cudacodec::Encoder> encoder = cv::cudacodec::createEncoder(cv::cudacodec::Codec::H264); // Set the H.264 encoder parameters encoder->setBitrate(1000000); encoder->setFrameRate(30); encoder->setWidth(cap.get(CAP_PROP_FRAME_WIDTH)); encoder->setHeight(cap.get(CAP_PROP_FRAME_HEIGHT)); // Allocate a temporary buffer for the encoded data cuda::GpuMat temp; temp.create(encoder->getOutputBufferSize()); // Open the output file AVFormatContext* formatContext = avformat_alloc_context(); int err = avformat_alloc_output_context2(&formatContext, NULL, NULL, "output.mp4"); if (err < 0) { cerr << "Failed to initialize output format" << endl; return -1; } AVOutputFormat* outputFormat = formatContext->oformat; AVCodec* codec = avcodec_find_encoder(outputFormat->video_codec); if (!codec) { cerr << "Failed to find codec" << endl; return -1; } AVStream* stream = avformat_new_stream(formatContext, codec); if (!stream) { cerr << "Failed to allocate stream" << endl; return -1; } AVCodecContext* codecContext = avcodec_alloc_context3(codec); if (!codecContext) { cerr << "Failed to allocate codec context" << endl; return -1; } codecContext->codec_tag = 0; codecContext->width = encoder->getWidth(); codecContext->height = encoder->getHeight(); codecContext->time_base = { 1, encoder->getFrameRate() }; codecContext->pix_fmt = AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P; if (formatContext->oformat->flags & AVFMT_GLOBALHEADER) { codecContext->flags |= AV_CODEC_FLAG_GLOBAL_HEADER; } err = avcodec_open2(codecContext, codec, NULL); if (err < 0) { cerr << "Failed to open codec" << endl; return -1; } err = avcodec_parameters_from_context(stream->codecpar, codecContext); if (err < 0) { cerr << "Failed to copy codec parameters" << endl; return -1; } av_dump_format(formatContext, 0, "output.mp4", 1); err = avio_open(&formatContext->pb, "output.mp4", AVIO_FLAG_WRITE); if (err < 0) { cerr << "Failed to open output file" << endl; return -1; } err = avformat_write_header(formatContext, NULL); if (err < 0) { cerr << "Failed to write header" << endl; return -1; } // Loop over the video frames Mat frame; while (true) { // Capture a new frame from the video device cap >> frame; if (frame.empty()) { break; } // Convert the frame to YUV420P format cuda::GpuMat gpuFrame, gpuYUV; gpuFrame.upload(frame); cuda::cvtColor(gpuFrame, gpuYUV, COLOR_BGR2YUV_I420); // Encode the frame encoder->encode(gpuYUV, temp); // Write the encoded frame to the output file AVPacket packet; av_init_packet(&packet); packet.data = temp.ptr(); packet.size = (int)temp.cols; packet.pts = av_rescale_q(encoder->getEncodedFrames(), { 1, encoder->getFrameRate() }, codecContext->time_base); packet.dts = packet.pts; packet.duration = av_rescale_q(1, { 1, encoder->getFrameRate() }, codecContext->time_base); packet.stream_index = stream->index; err = av_interleaved_write_frame(formatContext, &packet); if (err < 0) { cerr << "Failed to write frame" << endl; return -1; } } // Release resources av_write_trailer(formatContext); avcodec_close(codecContext); avcodec_free_context(&codecContext); avformat_close_input(&formatContext); return 0; } ``` 这个示例代码使用 OpenCV 和 ffmpeg 库进行 GPU 加速的 H.264 编码。它首先创建了一个 CUDA H.264 编码器,然后使用它来编码从摄像头捕获的视频帧。编码后的数据存储在一个临时的 GPU 内存区域中,然后写入输出文件。最后,释放所有的资源。
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