STL--string类的实现

标准模板库有个string类，用起来很方便，如下代码是一种实现。

 #include<iostream>   
using namespace std;  
class String  
{  
public:  
    String();  
    ~String();  
    String(const String &rs);  
    String(const char* const ch);  
    char &operator[](unsigned short int length );  
    char operator[](unsigned short int  length) const;    
    String &operator=(const String &s);  
    String operator+(const String &);  
    void operator+=(const String &rs);  
    friend ostream &operator<<(ostream & o,const String &str)  
    {  
        o<<str.str;  
        return o;  
     }  
  
    friend istream &operator>>(istream &i,String str)  
    {  
       i>>str.str;  
        return i;  
    }  
    friend bool operator<(const String &str1,const String &str2)  
    { 
        if(strcmp(str1.str,str2.str)<0)  
            return 1;  
        else   
            return 0;  
    }  
    friend bool operator>(const String &str1,const String &str2)  
    {  
        if(strcmp(str1.str,str2.str)>0)  
            return 1;  
        else   
            return 0;  
    }    
        friend bool operator==(const String &str1,const String &str2)  
    {        
        if(strcmp(str1.str,str2.str)==0)  
            return 1;  
        else   
            return 0;  
    }    
        unsigned short int getlen() const {return len;}  
        const char* getstr() const{return str;}   
private:  
    String(unsigned short int);  
    unsigned short int len;  
    char *str;  
};  
String::String(unsigned short int length)  
{  
    str = new char[length + 1];  
    int i;  
    for(i = 0;i <length;i++)  
        str[i] = '\0';  
    len = length;  
}    
String::String()  
{   
    len = 0;  
    str = new char[1];    
    str[0] = '\0';    
}    
String::~String()  
{    
    delete []str;  
    len = 0;  
}   
String::String(const String &rs)  
{   
    len = rs.getlen();  
    str = new char[len + 1];  
    for(int i =0 ;i < len ;i++ )  
        str[i] = rs[i];  
    str[len] = '\0';   
}    
char &String ::operator [](unsigned short int length)  
{   
    if(length > len)  
        return str[len - 1];  
    else  
        return str[length];   
}    
char String::operator [](unsigned short int length) const  
{   
        if(length > len)  
        return str[len - 1];  
    else  
        return str[length];    
}  
  
String &String::operator =(const String &s)  
{    
    if(this == &s)  
    return *this;  
    delete []str;  
    len = s.getlen();  
    str = new char[len + 1];  
    for(int i=0;i<len;i++)  
    {        
        str[i] = s[i];   
    }  
    str[len] = '\0';  
  
    return *this;    
}  
  
String String::operator +(const String &rs)  
{   
    int total = len + rs.getlen();  
    String temp(total);  
    int i,j;  
    for( i = 0;i < len;i++)  
        temp[i] = str[i];  
    for(j = 0;j<rs.getlen();j++,i++)  
        temp[i] = rs[j];  
    temp[total] = '\0';        
    return temp;    
}  
  
void String::operator +=(const String &rs)  
{   
    int total = len + rs.getlen();  
    String temp(total);  
    int i,j;  
    for(i = 0;i < len;i++)  
        temp[i] = str[i];  
    for(j = 0;j < rs.getlen();j++,i++)  
        temp[i] = rs[j];  
    temp[total] = '\0';  
    *this = temp;   
}  
  
String::String(const char* const ch)  
{   
    len = strlen(ch);  
    str = new char[len+1];  
    for(int i = 0;i < len;i++)  
        str[i] = ch[i];  
    str[len] = '\0';  
}  

参见：http://blog.csdn.net/rongdeguoqian/article/details/7795098。