Elastic Search Data In, Data Out

Document Metadata

• 三个必须的元数据是
  
  • _index
  • _type
  • _id

Indexing a Document

如果不指定id，elastic search会自动生成。

PUT /{index}/{type}/{id}
{
  "field": "value",
  ...
}

Retrieving a Document

GET /website/blog/123?pretty

pretty会格式化输出，结果如下，_source字段是原始的JSON document

{
  "_index" :   "website",
  "_type" :    "blog",
  "_id" :      "123",
  "_version" : 1,
  "found" :    true,
  "_source" :  {
      "title": "My first blog entry",
      "text":  "Just trying this out...",
      "date":  "2014/01/01"
  }
}

只查询某些字段

GET /website/blog/123?_source=title,text

{
  "_index" :   "website",
  "_type" :    "blog",
  "_id" :      "123",
  "_version" : 1,
  "exists" :   true,
  "_source" : {
      "title": "My first blog entry" ,
      "text":  "Just trying this out..."
  }
}

只查询_source

GET /website/blog/123/_source

{
   "title": "My first blog entry",
   "text":  "Just trying this out...",
   "date":  "2014/01/01"
}

查看文档是否存在

存在

curl -i -XHEAD http://localhost:9200/website/blog/123

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Length: 0

不存在

curl -i -XHEAD http://localhost:9200/website/blog/124

HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Length: 0

更新整个文档

PUT /website/blog/123
{
  "title": "My first blog entry",
  "text":  "I am starting to get the hang of this...",
  "date":  "2014/01/02"
}

{
  "_index" :   "website",
  "_type" :    "blog",
  "_id" :      "123",
  "_version" : 2,
  "created":   false //false because a document with the same index, type, and ID already existed.
}

一个API背后包含了以下的操作
1. Retrieve the JSON from the old document
2. Change it
3. Delete the old document
4. Index a new document

创建新文档

最简单的方式是让Elastic Search自动生成id

POST /website/blog/
{ ... }

有两种方式可以指定id，返回201 Created或者409 Conflict

PUT /website/blog/123?op_type=create
{ ... }

PUT /website/blog/123/_create
{ ... }

删除文档

DELETE /website/blog/123

返回200 OK

{
  "found" :    true,
  "_index" :   "website",
  "_type" :    "blog",
  "_id" :      "123",
  "_version" : 3
}

或者 404 Not Found

{
  "found" :    false,
  "_index" :   "website",
  "_type" :    "blog",
  "_id" :      "123",
  "_version" : 4
}

部分更新

POST /website/blog/1/_update
{
   "doc" : {
      "tags" : [ "testing" ],
      "views": 0
   }
}

更新后

{
   "_index":    "website",
   "_type":     "blog",
   "_id":       "1",
   "_version":  3,
   "found":     true,
   "_source": {
      "title":  "My first blog entry",
      "text":   "Starting to get the hang of this...",
      "tags": [ "testing" ], 
      "views":  0 
   }
}

检索多个文档

GET /_mget
{
   "docs" : [
      {
         "_index" : "website",
         "_type" :  "blog",
         "_id" :    2
      },
      {
         "_index" : "website",
         "_type" :  "pageviews",
         "_id" :    1,
         "_source": "views"
      }
   ]
}

如果想检索的文档在同一个_index甚至_type，可以在url中指定

GET /website/blog/_mget
{
   "docs" : [
      { "_id" : 2 },
      { "_type" : "pageviews", "_id" :   1 }
   ]
}

在同一个_type下的文档可以使用ids代替docs

GET /website/blog/_mget
{
   "ids" : [ "2", "1" ]
}

批量查询

{ action: { metadata }}\n
{ request body        }\n
{ action: { metadata }}\n
{ request body        }\n
...