fork/source/exec的区别

fork：

e.g: ./1.sh

创建子shell，在其中运行1.sh，子shell的运行结果不会影响到当前shell。

e.g:

#$ pwd

/home/r

#$ echo "cd /etc" > 1.sh

#$ ./1.sh

#$ pwd

/home/r

 

source:

e.g: . ./1.sh

在当前shell运行运行1.sh，会影响到当前shell。

e.g:

#$ pwd

/home/r

#$ echo "cd /etc" > 1.sh

#$ .  ./1.sh

#$ pwd

/home/r

 

exec:

e.g: exec 1.sh

当前shell的进程被替换成1.sh，原进程结束。

 

 

见1.sh

#!/bin/bash A=B echo "PID for 1.sh before exec/source/fork:$$" export A echo "1.sh: /$A is $A" case $1 in exec) echo "using exec..." exec ./2.sh ;; source) echo "using source..." . ./2.sh ;; *) echo "using fork by default..." ./2.sh ;; esac echo "PID for 1.sh after exec/source/fork:$$" echo "1.sh: /$A is $A"

 

2.sh

#!/bin/bash echo "PID for 2.sh: $$" echo "2.sh get /$A=$A from 1.sh" A=C export A echo "2.sh: /$A is $A"

 

运行一下命令并观查结果

$ ./1.sh fork $ ./1.sh source $ ./1.sh exec