断言 assertion 作为防御性编程策略的优点
断言基本上就是一个其后有一个适当动作的布尔表达式的判断:
若条件为真,则什么都不做
否则就停止并附带一个诊断消息
//: C05:StaticAssert1.cpp {-xo}
// From "Thinking in C++, Volume 2", by Bruce Eckel & Chuck Allison.
// (c) 1995-2004 MindView, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
// See source code use permissions stated in the file 'License.txt',
// distributed with the code package available at www.MindView.net.
// A simple, compile-time assertion facility
#define STATIC_ASSERT(x) \
do { typedef int a[(x) ? 1 : -1]; } while(0)
int main() {
STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof(int) <= sizeof(long)); // Passes
//TATIC_ASSERT(sizeof(double) <= sizeof(int)); // Fails
//error C2118: 负下标
} ///:~
无输出
do循环为一个数组a的定义产生一个临时空间
这个数组的大小由一个不确定的条件说决定
//: C05:StaticAssert2.cpp {-g++}
// From "Thinking in C++, Volume 2",