【题目描述】
编写一个 SQL 查询来实现分数排名。如果两个分数相同,则两个分数排名(Rank)相同。请注意,平分后的下一个名次应该是下一个连续的整数值。换句话说,名次之间不应该有“间隔”。
+----+-------+ | Id | Score | +----+-------+ | 1 | 3.50 | | 2 | 3.65 | | 3 | 4.00 | | 4 | 3.85 | | 5 | 4.00 | | 6 | 3.65 | +----+-------+
例如,根据上述给定的 Scores
表,你的查询应该返回(按分数从高到低排列):
+-------+------+ | Score | Rank | +-------+------+ | 4.00 | 1 | | 4.00 | 1 | | 3.85 | 2 | | 3.65 | 3 | | 3.65 | 3 | | 3.50 | 4 | +-------+------+
【题目解答】
首先建表、生成数据
create table `scores` (
`id` int (11) not null auto_increment,
`score` float (3, 2) default null,
primary key (`id`)
) engine = innodb auto_increment = 7 charset = utf8;
insert into scores(score) value(3.50),(3.65),(4.00),(3.85),(4.00),(3.65);
分析题目,查出score并按score的排名升序排序,可以写出下面的SQL:
select score, (获取rank) as rank form scores order by score desc;
接下来就是怎么获取rank的问题,每次select出来一条score,可以在另外一个子句中查找比这个score大或者相等的score的个数,就可以作为这个score的排名,所以获取rank的子句自然就写成了下面这样:
select count(score) from score where score >= s.score;
其中s.score是父句中的score,组合起来如下:
select score, (select count(score) from score where score >= s.score) as rank form scores order by score desc;
结果如下:
mysql> select score, (select count(score) from score where score >= s.score) as
rank from score s order by score desc;
+-------+------+
| score | rank |
+-------+------+
| 4.00 | 2 |
| 4.00 | 2 |
| 3.85 | 3 |
| 3.65 | 5 |
| 3.65 | 5 |
| 3.50 | 6 |
+-------+------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
跟答案貌似不一样,rank都多了一个,多了一个的原因就是子句中count(score)的时候都算了一遍本身,所以需要去重,最终结果如下:
mysql> select score, (select count(distinct(score)) from score where score >= s.
score) as rank from score s order by score desc;
+-------+------+
| score | rank |
+-------+------+
| 4.00 | 1 |
| 4.00 | 1 |
| 3.85 | 2 |
| 3.65 | 3 |
| 3.65 | 3 |
| 3.50 | 4 |
+-------+------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)