牛客网SQL练习

 

1-10

1、查找最晚入职员工的所有信息

/*
select * from employees where hire_date = (select max(hire_date) from employees);
*/
​
/*
select * from employees order by hire_date desc limit 1;
*/

2、查找入职员工时间排名倒数第三的员工所有信息

/*
select * from employees where hire_date = (
    select distinct hire_date from employees 
    order by hire_date desc
    limit 1 offset 2
);
*/
​
​
/*该方法没有考虑到重复的日期,错误*/
select * from employees order by hire_date limit 1 offset 2;

表结构：

CREATE TABLE `dept_manager` (
`dept_no` char(4) NOT NULL,
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`dept_no`));
​
CREATE TABLE `salaries` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`salary` int(11) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`from_date`));

3、查找各个部门当前(to_date='9999-01-01')领导当前薪水详情以及其对应部门编号dept_no

select s.*,d.dept_no
from salaries as s , dept_manager as d
on s.emp_no=d.emp_no
where s.to_date='9999-01-01' and d.to_date='9999-01-01'

4、查找所有已经分配部门的员工的last_name和first_name以及dept_no

select e.last_name,e.first_name,d.dept_no 
from dept_emp as d left join employees as e
on d.emp_no=e.emp_no;

5、查找所有员工的last_name和first_name以及对应部门编号dept_no，也包括展示没有分配具体部门的员工

select e.last_name,e.first_name,d.dept_no 
from employees as e  left outer join dept_emp as d
on d.emp_no = e.emp_no;

6、查找所有员工入职时候的薪水情况，给出emp_no以及salary， 并按照emp_no进行逆序

select e.emp_no,s.salary 
from employees as e inner join salaries as s
on e.emp_no = s.emp_no and e.hire_date = s.from_date
order by e.emp_no desc;

7、查找薪水涨幅超过15次的员工号emp_no以及其对应的涨幅次数t

select emp_no,count(emp_no) as t from salaries
group by emp_no having t>15;

8、找出所有员工当前(to_date='9999-01-01')具体的薪水salary情况，对于相同的薪水只显示一次,并按照逆序显示

select distinct salary from salaries
where to_date='9999-01-01'
order by salary desc;

9、获取所有部门当前manager的当前薪水情况，给出dept_no, emp_no以及salary，当前表示to_date='9999-01-01'

select d.dept_no,s.emp_no,s.salary 
from salaries as s  inner join dept_manager as d
on d.emp_no = s.emp_no
/*方法1
and s.to_date='9999-01-01'
and d.to_date='9999-01-01';
*/
/*方法2*/
and d.to_date = s.to_date
where s.to_date='9999-01-01'

10、获取所有非manager的员工emp_no

/*
select e.emp_no 
from employees as e
where e.emp_no not in (
    select emp_no from dept_manager;
)
*/

SELECT emp_no FROM employees
WHERE emp_no NOT IN (SELECT emp_no FROM dept_manager)

11-20

11、获取所有员工当前的manager，如果当前的manager是自己的话结果不显示，当前表示to_date='9999-01-01'。

1. 选择结果为 两列包括 emp_no 以及 manager_no

2. emp_no来自dept_emp中，manager来自dept_manager

3. emp_no要去除其中的manager

4. 按照emp_no对应的dept_no在dept_manager找到emp_no

<>表示不等于

/*
select de.emp_no,dm.emp_no as manager_no
from dept_emp as de inner join dept_manager as dm
on de.dept_no=dm.dept_no
where dm.to_date="9999-01-01" and de.to_date="9999-01-01"
and de.emp_no not in(
    select emp_no from dept_manager
);
*/

select de.emp_no,dm.emp_no as manager_no
from dept_emp as de inner join dept_manager as dm
on de.dept_no=dm.dept_no
where dm.to_date="9999-01-01" and de.to_date="9999-01-01" and de.emp_no <> dm.emp_no;

12、获取所有部门中当前员工薪水最高的相关信息，给出dept_no, emp_no以及其对应的salary

1. 先用INNER JOIN连接两张表，限制条件是两张表的emp_no相同，即d.emp_no = s.emp_no；

2. 选取每个员工当前的工资水平，用d.to_date = '9999-01-01' AND s.to_date = '9999-01-01'作条件限制，因为此表中每条最新记录的 to_date 都用 9999-01-01 表示；

3. 用GROUP BY d.dept_no将每个部门分为一组，用MAX()函数选取每组中工资最高者；

4. 将salaries用s代替，dept_emp用d代替，最后将MAX(s.salary)用salary代替后输出。

SELECT d.dept_no, s.emp_no, MAX(s.salary) AS salary
FROM salaries AS s INNER JOIN dept_emp As d
ON d.emp_no = s.emp_no 
WHERE d.to_date = '9999-01-01' AND s.to_date = '9999-01-01'
GROUP BY d.dept_no

13、从titles表获取按照title进行分组，每组个数大于等于2，给出title以及对应的数目t。

select title,count(*) as t
from titles
group by title having count(*)>=2;

14、从titles表获取按照title进行分组，每组个数大于等于2，给出title以及对应的数目t。

select title,count(distinct emp_no) as t
from titles
group by title having t>=2;

15、查找employees表所有emp_no为奇数，且last_name不为Mary的员工信息，并按照hire_date逆序排列

select * from employees
where emp_no%2 =1 and last_name!= 'Mary'
order by hire_date desc;

16、统计出当前各个title类型对应的员工当前（to_date='9999-01-01'）薪水对应的平均工资。结果给出title以及平均工资avg。

select t.title,avg(s.salary) as avg
from salaries as s inner join titles as t
on s.emp_no = t.emp_no
/*where s.to_date='9999-01-01'*/
and s.to_date='9999-01-01'