制作一个简单的网页爬虫爬取一张网页的特定图片

之前也有了解过网页爬虫，但是只是按照网上教程练习过，今天想自己写一个爬图片的爬虫，一边写一边查资料，但是只是做了单页的爬虫，后续会继续学习做广度或深度的全网页的爬虫。

我的思路是

首先，
因为要使用scrapy,需要新建一个项目，tutorial为项目名称

scrapy startproject tutorial

创建了一个文件夹，结构如下：

*scrapy.cfg：项目的配置文件
tutorial/：项目的Python模块，将会从这里引用代码
tutorial/items.py：项目的items文件
tutorial/pipelines.py：项目的pipelines文件
tutorial/settings.py：项目的设置文件
tutorial/spiders/：存储爬虫的目录*

建立这个爬虫分为三步：
将新创建的爬虫的item类写入tutorial/items.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Define here the models for your scraped items
#
# See documentation in:
# http://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/items.

from scrapy.item import Item,Field


class TutorialItem(Item):
    # define the fields for your item here like:
    # name = Field()
    pass

class DmozItem(Item):
    title = Field()
    link = Field()
    desc = Field()

将新创建的爬虫类写入/spiders下

vim dmoz_spider.py

#!/usr/bin/env python
# coding=utf-8

from scrapy.spiders import Spider
from scrapy.selector import Selector

from items import DmozItem

class DmozSpider(Spider):
    name = "dmoz"
    allowed_domains = ["dmoz.org"]
    start_urls = [
        "https://picjumbo.com/touch-of-life-fingers-on-plasma-ball-lamp/",
    ]

    def parse(self,response):
        sel = Selector(response)
        sites = sel.xpath('//a/img/@src')
        print '**************************\n'
        print sites
        print '**************************\n'
        items = []
        for site in sites:
            item = DmozItem()
            item['link'] = site.extract()
            items.append(item)
        return items

但是做完上述两步并没有结束哦，还要执行

scrapy crawl dmoz -o pic -t json 

dmoz:爬虫的name
-o pic : pic是我保存的文件名
-t json : 以json的类型保存

经过上述三步，我们已经将爬取的代码保存在pic文件中

[{"link": "https://picjumbo.com/wp-content/themes/picjumbofree/data/picjumbo_logo.png"},
{"link": "/wp-content/themes/picjumbofree/data/promo-line-premium.jpg"},
{"link": "//assets.pinterest.com/images/pidgets/pinit_fg_en_rect_red_28.png"},
{"link": "/wp-content/themes/picjumbofree/data/picj-banner.jpeg"},
{"link": "https://picjumbo.com/wp-content/themes/picjumbofree/data/latest_premium_sidebar.png"},
{"link": "https://picjumbo.com/wp-content/uploads/picjumbo-premium-website-layout-collection.jpg"},
{"link": "https://picjumbo.com/wp-content/uploads/website-layout-collection-collage-small.jpg"},
{"link": "https://d3ui957tjb5bqd.cloudfront.net/images/bundles/july-big-bundle-2016_email.jpg"},
{"link": "/wp-content/themes/picjumbofree/data/promo-line-premium.jpg"},
{"link": "https://picjumbo.com/wp-content/uploads/picjumbo-premium-website-layout-collection.jpg"},
{"link": "https://picjumbo.com/wp-content/uploads/website-layout-collection-collage-small.jpg"},
{"link": "//picjumbo.imgix.net/IMG_5766.jpg?q=40&w=1000&sharp=30"},
{"link": "//picjumbo.imgix.net/IMG_0744.jpg?q=40&w=1000&sharp=30"},
{"link": "//picjumbo.imgix.net/HNCK2219.jpg?q=40&w=1000&sharp=30"},
{"link": "//picjumbo.imgix.net/HNCK0182.jpg?q=40&w=1000&sharp=30"},
{"link": "//picjumbo.imgix.net/HNCK5769.jpg?q=40&w=1000&sharp=30"},
{"link": "//picjumbo.imgix.net/HNCK5108.jpg?q=40&w=1000&sharp=30"},
{"link": "//picjumbo.imgix.net/HNCK8242.jpg?q=40&w=1000&sharp=30"},
{"link": "//picjumbo.imgix.net/HNCK2127.jpg?q=40&w=1000&sharp=30"},
{"link": "//picjumbo.imgix.net/HNCK86321.jpg?q=40&w=1000&sharp=30"},
{"link": "//picjumbo.imgix.net/HNCK7373.jpg?q=40&w=1000&sharp=30"},
{"link": "https://picjumbo.com/wp-content/themes/picjumbofree/data/logo_footer.png"}]

接下来就可以开始爬图片啦！
其实代码非常的简短==

这个过程分为两步
1. 将现有的pic文件中格式不为网页链接形式的字符串，利用正则匹配，并和固定字符串连接形成网页链接。
2. 将这些网页链接利用urllib2从网络保存到本地。

#!/usr/bin/env python
# coding=utf-8

import re 
import urllib2

cnt=0

f=open('pic')
for i in f.readlines():
    a=re.search('//picjumbo.imgix.net(\S+)*"',i)
    if a:
        furl='https:'+a.group()
        url=furl[:-1]

        cnt=cnt+1

        f=open('spt'+str(cnt),'w+')
        m=urllib2.urlopen(url).read()
        f.write(m)
        f.close()

运行后可以看到图片被保存到本地啦

这个简单的爬虫就到这里做完啦，之后会学习做可以爬取整个网页的爬虫，而不但局限于一张网页，还需要学习一下算法==