我们知道使用读写锁时,多个线程可以同时申请读锁,而同个线程嵌套申请同个读锁则有可能导致死锁,应该避免这样使用。
我们假设有线程A、B和锁L,按如下时序执行:
1、线程A申请读锁L;
2、线程B申请写锁L;
3、线程A再次申请读锁L;
此时便产生了死锁!
下面是模拟死锁代码:
/**
* Created by fangruibin
* 测试读锁嵌套导致死锁的场景
*/
#include <iostream>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <unistd.h>
pthread_rwlock_t m_lock;
int A = 0, B = 0;
//线程1
void* threadFunc1(void* p)
{
//printf("thread 1 running..\n");
pthread_rwlock_rdlock(&m_lock);
printf("thread 1 read source A=%d\n", A);
usleep(100); // 等待100ms,此时线程2大概率会被唤醒并申请写锁
pthread_rwlock_rdlock(&m_lock);
printf("thread 1 read source B=%d\n", B);
//释放读锁
pthread_rwlock_unlock(&m_lock);
pthread_rwlock_unlock(&m_lock);
return NULL;
}
//线程2
void* threadFunc2(void* p)
{
//printf("thread 2 running..\n");
pthread_rwlock_wrlock(&m_lock);
A = 1;
B = 1;
printf("thread 2 write source A and B\n");
//释放写锁
pthread_rwlock_unlock(&m_lock);
return NULL;
}
int main()
{
//初始化读写锁
if (pthread_rwlock_init(&m_lock, 0) != 0)
{
printf("init rwlock failed\n");
return -1;
}
//初始化线程
pthread_t hThread1;
pthread_t hThread2;
if (pthread_create(&hThread1, NULL, &threadFunc1, NULL) != 0)
{
printf("create thread 1 failed\n");
return -1;
}
if (pthread_create(&hThread2, NULL, &threadFunc2, NULL) != 0)
{
printf("create thread 2 failed\n");
return -1;
}
while (1)
{
sleep(1);
}
pthread_rwlock_destroy(&m_lock);
return 0;
}
运行结果:
fangruibin@LP210300018 lock % ./deadlock2
thread 1 read source A=0
可以看出,线程1只打印了一条日志便卡住了,第二条日志没打印出来;而线程2则没有任何日志输出。
建议:避免嵌套申请读锁