加载地图文件（MXD、SHP、要素类、栅格文件）

• 打开MXD文件 

  axMapControl1.LoadMxFile(filename, 0, Type.Missing);//filename为mxd文件路径

• 打开MDB文件获取工作空间，工作空间里包含数据集和要素类

  IWorkspaceFactory pWorkspaceFactory = new AccessWorkspaceFactoryClass();
  IWorkspace pWorkspace = pWorkspaceFactory.OpenFromFile(pPath, 0);

  遍历工作空间根据名字（name）获取要素类

              IFeatureClass ifcresult = null;
              IDataset dt;
              IEnumDataset dts = wk.Datasets[esriDatasetType.esriDTAny];
              while ((dt = dts.Next()) != null)
              {
                  if (dt.Type == esriDatasetType.esriDTFeatureDataset)
                  {
                      IFeatureDataset fdt = dt as IFeatureDataset;
                      if (fdt != null)
                      {
                          IEnumDataset subdts = fdt.Subsets;
                          if (subdts != null)
                          {
                              IDataset isubdt;
                              while ((isubdt = subdts.Next()) != null)
                              {
                                  IFeatureClass ifc = isubdt as IFeatureClass;
                                  if (ifc != null)
                                  {
                                      if (isubdt.Name == name)
                                      {
                                          ifcresult = ifc;
                                          Marshal.ReleaseComObject(isubdt);
                                          isubdt = null;
  
                                          Marshal.ReleaseComObject(subdts);
                                          subdts = null;
                                          break;
                                      }
                                      else
                                      {
                                          Marshal.ReleaseComObject(isubdt);
                                          isubdt = null;
                                      }
                                  }
                              }
                          }
                      }
                  }
                  else if (dt.Type == esriDatasetType.esriDTFeatureClass)
                  {
                      IFeatureClass ifc = dt as IFeatureClass;
                      if (dt.Name == name)
                      {
                          ifcresult = ifc;
                          break;
                      }
                  }
              }

• 添加要素类到地图控件

  public void AddFeatureClass(IFeatureClass ifc)
          {
              IFeatureLayer ifl = new FeatureLayer();
              ifl.FeatureClass = ifc;
              ifl.Name = ifc.AliasName;
              axMapControl1.AddLayer(ifl);
          }

• 添加栅格数据到地图控件

          public void AddRaster(IRasterDataset irc)
          {
              //影像金字塔判断与创建
              IRasterPyramid3 pRasPyrmid;
              pRasPyrmid = irc as IRasterPyramid3;
              if (pRasPyrmid != null)
              {
                  if (!(pRasPyrmid.Present))
                  {
                      pRasPyrmid.Create(); //创建金字塔
                  }
              }
              IRaster pRaster;
              pRaster = irc.CreateDefaultRaster();
              IRasterLayer pRasterLayer;
              pRasterLayer = new RasterLayerClass();
              pRasterLayer.CreateFromRaster(pRaster);
              ILayer pLayer = pRasterLayer as ILayer;
              axMapControl1.AddLayer(pLayer, 0);
          }

• 添加shp文件到地图控件

          public  IFeatureClass OpenShpFeatureClass(string shppath)
          {
              IFeatureClass ifc = null;
              IWorkspaceFactory workspaceFactory = new ShapefileWorkspaceFactory();
              if (null != shppath)
              {
                  string dir = System.IO.Path.GetDirectoryName(shppath);
  
                  IWorkspace pworkspace = workspaceFactory.OpenFromFile(dir, 0);
  
                  int loc1;
                  loc1 = shppath.LastIndexOf("\\");
                  string pFoldr = shppath.Substring(0, loc1);
                  string pFileName = shppath.Substring(loc1 + 1);
                  ifc = GetFeatureClass(pFileName, pworkspace);
              }
              return ifc;
          }