菜鸟：IOS 学习：磨难记 （第三天）

分析开发者指南源码 GIT地址 https://github.com/iimgal/StudyiOS

通讯录

知识重点：

  1
  AddressBookUI中提供了和联系人显示信息相关的一些Controller，有四个：
ABPeoplePickerNavigationController：显示整个通讯录并可以选择一个联系人的信息
ABPersonViewController：显示一个具体联系人的信息
ABNewPersonViewController：增加一个新的联系人
ABUnknownPersonViewController：完善一个联系人的信息

2
viewDidLoad其实没什么可混淆的,无论通过什么途径加载(Xcode或者IB,这里的加载属于实例化)完view后肯定会执行这个方法. 

loadView需要分两种情况.当你通过Xcode实例化一个类的时候就需要自己在controller中实现这个方法.而在IB中实例化就不需要实现它. 

initWithNibName这个方法是在controller的类在IB中创建,但是通过Xcode实例化controller的时候用的. 

awakeFromNib是类在IB中被实例化调用.推荐使用viewDidLoad,因为viewDidLoad会被多次调用,而awakeFromNib只会当从nib文件中unarchive的时候才会被调用一次，awakeFromNib被调用时，viewDidLoad不会被调用

当.nib文件被加载的时候，会发送一个awakeFromNib的消息到.nib文件中的每个对象，每个对象都可以定义自己的awakeFromNib函数来响应这个消息，也就是说通过nib文件创建view对象来执行awakeFromNib

当view对象被加载到内存是就会执行viewDidLoad，所以不管通过nib文件还是代码的方式创建对象都会执行viewDidLoad 

3.
UIBarButtonItem 工具栏按钮有3种主要的定制方法：1、在Interface builder中定制；2、setItems方法定制；3、addSubview方法定制。


UIBarButtonItem * clearnButton = [UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithTitle:@"Code" style:UIBarButtonItemStyleBordered target:self action:@selector(code)];    初始化

NSArray *buttonArray = [[NSArray alloc]initWithObjects:cleanButton,saveButton, nil];
self.navigationItem.rightBarButtonItems = buttonArray; 多按钮用法

4、
[super class]  先转换成 objc_msgSendSuper 的方法。构造 objc_super 的结构体
id objc_msgSendSuper(struct objc_super *super, SEL op, ...)
struct objc_super {
    id receiver;
   Class superClass;
};

shouldAutorotateToInterfaceOrientation  自动旋转功能

5、
ABPeoplePickerNavigationController  系统的通讯录控件
ABPeoplePickerNavigationController *picker = [[ABPeoplePickerNavigationController alloc] init];
picker.peoplePickerDelegate = self; //初始化

6、
__bridge只做类型转换，但是不修改对象（内存）管理权；
__bridge_transfer（也可以使用CFBridgingRelease）将Core Foundation的对象转换为Objective-C的对象，同时将对象（内存）的管理权交给ARC。

7、
__bridge_retained（也可以使用CFBridgingRetain）将Objective-C的对象转换为Core Foundation的对象，同时将对象（内存）的管理权交给我们，后续需要使用CFRelease或者相关方法来释放对象

8、
UIAlertView常用于应用界面信息警告提示



9、
ABRecordRef 一个指向Core Foundation对象的通用指针

10、
ABMultiValueCreateMutable 返回一个新的，空的，可变的多值属性
ABMultiValueAddValueAndLabel 添加到多值属性的值及其对应的标签
ABRecordSetValue(aContact, kABPersonEmailProperty, email, &anError); 添加单个项的属性值

ContactViewController.h 头文件

#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
//基库，一系列的Class(类)来建立和管理iPhone OS应用程序的用户界面接口、应用程序对象、事件控制、绘图模型、窗口、视图和用于控制触摸屏等的接口
#import <AddressBook/AddressBook.h>
//地址薄框架提供联系人数据库，通讯数据库等
#import <AddressBookUI/AddressBookUI.h>
//地址薄UI框架提供编辑，选择，创建通讯数据库
#import "IIAddressBook.h"
//提供解析通讯录数据的一系列方法

@interface ContactViewController : UIViewController<ABPeoplePickerNavigationControllerDelegate,
ABNewPersonViewControllerDelegate,
ABPersonViewControllerDelegate,
ABUnknownPersonViewControllerDelegate>
/**
 委托接口主要功能
ABPeoplePickerNavigationController：显示整个通讯录并可以选择一个联系人的信息
ABPersonViewController：显示一个具体联系人的信息
ABNewPersonViewController：增加一个新的联系人
ABUnknownPersonViewController：完善一个联系人的信息
 **/


@property (nonatomic, strong) IBOutlet UILabel *label;
/*
 多线程，strong<>IBOutlet引用计数加2，IBOutlet<>IB控件关联
 监听中间区域 lable文本
*/

/**
 IBAction<>IB控件动作相关联
 **/
- (IBAction)showPeoplePickerController; //监听查看按钮
- (IBAction)showNewPersonViewController;//监听新增按钮
- (IBAction)showPersonViewController; //监听编辑按钮
- (IBAction)showUnknownPersonViewController;//监听未知按钮
@end

ContactViewController.m

#import "ContactViewController.h"

@implementation ContactViewController

//合成器
@synthesize label;

/**
 手动初始化ViewController nibNameOrNil 直需要文件名，无需扩展即contact(.nib不需要)
**/

- (id)initWithNibName:(NSString *)nibNameOrNil bundle:(NSBundle *)nibBundleOrNil
{
    self = [super initWithNibName:nibNameOrNil bundle:nibBundleOrNil];
    //初始化父类ViewController
    if (self) {
        // Custom initialization
    }
    return self; //跳出
}

/**
  当内存不足时，释放不需要的内存，缓存，未显示的view等
 **/
- (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning
{
    // Releases the view if it doesn't have a superview.
    [super didReceiveMemoryWarning];
    
    // Release any cached data, images, etc that aren't in use.
}

#pragma mark - View lifecycle

/*
// Implement loadView to create a view hierarchy programmatically, without using a nib.
- (void)loadView
{
}
*/


// Implement viewDidLoad to do additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.
/**
 视图加载时调用
 **/
- (void)viewDidLoad
{
    // 增加Code按钮，可跳转至教学页面
    //初始化一个新的按钮，使用指定的标题，样式，目标（自己还是其他view视图），出口方法。
    UIBarButtonItem *item = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithTitle:@"Code" style:UIBarButtonItemStyleBordered target:self action:@selector(code)];
    //设置按钮到右侧
    self.navigationItem.rightBarButtonItem = item;
    //初始化
    [super viewDidLoad];
}

/**
 当内存不足时，最大程度释放内存
 **/
- (void)viewDidUnload
{
    self.label = nil; //重置lable
    [super viewDidUnload]; //释放内存
    // Release any retained subviews of the main view.
    // e.g. self.myOutlet = nil;
}

/**
 是否支持iphone 旋转
 **/
- (BOOL)shouldAutorotateToInterfaceOrientation:(UIInterfaceOrientation)interfaceOrientation
{
    // Return YES for supported orientations
    //系统默认不支持旋转功能
    return (interfaceOrientation == UIInterfaceOrientationPortrait);
}



#pragma mark -
#pragma mark Show all contacts
// Called when users tap "Display Picker" in the application. Displays a list of contacts and allows users to select a contact from that list.
// The application only shows the phone, email, and birthdate information of the selected contact.
/**
 查看联系人数据
 1、先初始化系统通讯控件
 2、设置需要显示的信息，手机等
 3、用presentModalViewController 呈现
 **/
-(void)showPeoplePickerController
{
    // 查看联系人   系统的通讯录控件
	ABPeoplePickerNavigationController *picker = [[ABPeoplePickerNavigationController alloc] init];
    picker.peoplePickerDelegate = self; //委托给自己
	// Display only a person's phone, email, and birthdate
   
	/**
    消息设置版
    [picker setDisplayedProperties:[NSArray arrayWithObjects:[NSNumber numberWithInt:kABPersonPhoneProperty],
                                    [NSNumber numberWithInt:kABPersonEmailProperty],
                                    [NSNumber numberWithInt:kABPersonBirthdayProperty], nil]];
    
    //属性版
     picker.displayedProperties = NSArray arrayWithObjects:[NSNumber numberWithInt:kABPersonPhoneProperty],
     [NSNumber numberWithInt:kABPersonEmailProperty],
     [NSNumber numberWithInt:kABPersonBirthdayProperty], nil];
    */
    
     //将手机，邮箱，生日数据压入数组
    NSArray *displayedItems = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:[NSNumber numberWithInt:kABPersonPhoneProperty],
                               [NSNumber numberWithInt:kABPersonEmailProperty],
                               [NSNumber numberWithInt:kABPersonBirthdayProperty], nil];
	
    //设置需要显示的数据
	picker.displayedProperties = displayedItems;
     
	// Show the picker
    //显示数据 使用 presentModalViewController可创建新视图，可用于视图之间的切换 
	[self presentModalViewController:picker animated:YES];

}


#pragma mark Display and edit a person
// Called when users tap "Display and Edit Contact" in the application. Searches for a contact named "Appleseed" in 
// in the address book. Displays and allows editing of all information associated with that contact if
// the search is successful. Shows an alert, otherwise.
/**
  编辑地址薄数据
 1、ABAddressBookCreate 得到地址薄
 2、查找是否有张三数据
 3、如果没有提示用户，有则进入编辑视图
 **/
-(void)showPersonViewController
{
	// 得到地址薄 iphone6.0不推荐使用
	ABAddressBookRef addressBook = ABAddressBookCreate();
	// 寻找名为“CC”的联系人
	NSArray *people = (__bridge NSArray *)ABAddressBookCopyPeopleWithName(addressBook, CFSTR("zhangsan"));
	// Display "Appleseed" information if found in the address book
    //如果有数据
	if ((people != nil) && [people count])
	{
        //ABRecordRef 一个指向Core Foundation对象的通用指针
		ABRecordRef person = (__bridge ABRecordRef)[people objectAtIndex:0];
		ABPersonViewController *picker = [[ABPersonViewController alloc] init]; //初始化
		picker.personViewDelegate = self;
		picker.displayedPerson = person;
        //精简版 picker.displayedPerson ＝ (__bridge ABRecordRef)[people objectAtIndex:0]；
		// Allow users to edit the person’s information
		picker.allowsEditing = YES;
        //更新联系人数据到编辑视图
		[self.navigationController pushViewController:picker animated:YES];
	}
	else  //没有数据则给一些提示信息
	{
		// Show an alert if "Appleseed" is not in Contacts
        //UIAlertView常用于应用界面信息警告提示 
		UIAlertView *alert = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:@"Error" 
														message:@"Could not find 张三 in the Contacts application" 
													   delegate:nil 
											  cancelButtonTitle:@"Cancel" 
											  otherButtonTitles:nil];
		[alert show]; //弹出提示
	}
	
	CFRelease(addressBook); //释放
}


#pragma mark Create a new person
// Called when users tap "Create New Contact" in the application. Allows users to create a new contact.
/**
 创建新的联系人
 1、初始化系统的新增联系人控件
 2、新建一个导航控制器
 3、创建新视图
 **/
-(void)showNewPersonViewController
{
    // 初始化系统的新增联系人控件
	ABNewPersonViewController *picker = [[ABNewPersonViewController alloc] init];
	picker.newPersonViewDelegate = self;
	
    //新建一个导航控制器
	UINavigationController *navigation = [[UINavigationController alloc] initWithRootViewController:picker];
    //创建新视图，可用于视图之间的切换 
	[self presentModalViewController:navigation animated:YES];
		
}


#pragma mark Add data to an existing person
// Called when users tap "Edit Unknown Contact" in the application.
/**
 当点击未知联系人
 1、初始化联系人数据库连接
 2、添加多项属性，以及单独设置各项属性值
 3、设置联系人数据
 4、创建新视图
 **/
-(void)showUnknownPersonViewController
{
    // 打开联系人数据库 iphone6.0不推荐使用
	ABRecordRef aContact = ABPersonCreate();
	CFErrorRef anError = NULL;
    
    //返回一个新的，空的，可变的多值属性
	ABMultiValueRef email = ABMultiValueCreateMutable(kABMultiStringPropertyType);
    
    //添加到多值属性的值及其对应的标签。
	bool didAdd = ABMultiValueAddValueAndLabel(email, @"John-Appleseed@mac.com", kABOtherLabel, NULL);
	
	if (didAdd == YES) //添加成功
	{
        //添加单个项的属性值，如邮箱. int32_t ABPropertyID
		ABRecordSetValue(aContact, kABPersonEmailProperty, email, &anError);
		if (anError == NULL)
		{
           //设置联系人数据
			ABUnknownPersonViewController *picker = [[ABUnknownPersonViewController alloc] init];
			picker.unknownPersonViewDelegate = self;
			picker.displayedPerson = aContact;
			picker.allowsAddingToAddressBook = YES;
		    picker.allowsActions = YES;
			picker.alternateName = @"John Appleseed";
			picker.title = @"John Appleseed";
			picker.message = @"Company, Inc";
			
            //创建新视图
			[self.navigationController pushViewController:picker animated:YES];
		
		}
		else  //添加失败，给提示信息
		{
			UIAlertView *alert = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:@"Error" 
															message:@"Could not create unknown user" 
														   delegate:nil 
												  cancelButtonTitle:@"Cancel"
												  otherButtonTitles:nil];
			[alert show];
		}
	}	
	CFRelease(email);//释放
	CFRelease(aContact);//释放
}


#pragma mark ABPeoplePickerNavigationControllerDelegate methods
// Displays the information of a selected person
- (BOOL)peoplePickerNavigationController:(ABPeoplePickerNavigationController *)peoplePicker 
      shouldContinueAfterSelectingPerson:(ABRecordRef)person
{
    self.label.text = [IIAddressBook getFullName:person];
    //[self dismissModalViewControllerAnimated:YES];
    //return NO;
	return YES;
}


// Does not allow users to perform default actions such as dialing a phone number, when they select a person property.
- (BOOL)peoplePickerNavigationController:(ABPeoplePickerNavigationController *)peoplePicker shouldContinueAfterSelectingPerson:(ABRecordRef)person 
								property:(ABPropertyID)property identifier:(ABMultiValueIdentifier)identifier
{
	return NO;
}


// Dismisses the people picker and shows the application when users tap Cancel. 
- (void)peoplePickerNavigationControllerDidCancel:(ABPeoplePickerNavigationController *)peoplePicker;
{
	[self dismissModalViewControllerAnimated:YES];
}


#pragma mark ABPersonViewControllerDelegate methods
// Does not allow users to perform default actions such as dialing a phone number, when they select a contact property.
- (BOOL)personViewController:(ABPersonViewController *)personViewController shouldPerformDefaultActionForPerson:(ABRecordRef)person 
					property:(ABPropertyID)property identifier:(ABMultiValueIdentifier)identifierForValue
{
	return NO;
}


#pragma mark ABNewPersonViewControllerDelegate methods
// Dismisses the new-person view controller. 
- (void)newPersonViewController:(ABNewPersonViewController *)newPersonViewController didCompleteWithNewPerson:(ABRecordRef)person
{
	[self dismissModalViewControllerAnimated:YES];
}


#pragma mark ABUnknownPersonViewControllerDelegate methods
// Dismisses the picker when users are done creating a contact or adding the displayed person properties to an existing contact. 
- (void)unknownPersonViewController:(ABUnknownPersonViewController *)unknownPersonView didResolveToPerson:(ABRecordRef)person
{
	[self dismissModalViewControllerAnimated:YES];
}


// Does not allow users to perform default actions such as emailing a contact, when they select a contact property.
- (BOOL)unknownPersonViewController:(ABUnknownPersonViewController *)personViewController shouldPerformDefaultActionForPerson:(ABRecordRef)person 
						   property:(ABPropertyID)property identifier:(ABMultiValueIdentifier)identifier
{
	return NO;
}

// 跳转至教学页面
- (void)code
{
    //初始化code一些提示数据 视图
    CodeViewController *controller = [[CodeViewController alloc] initWithNibName:@"CodeViewController" bundle:nil];
    NSString *name = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:object_getClassName(self)];
    controller.className = name;
    //精简版 controller.className  ＝ [NSString stringWithUTF8String:object_getClassName(self)]；
     
    [self.navigationController pushViewController:controller animated:YES];
}

@end