QCustomPlot介绍及实例

        QCustomPlot 是一个小巧好用的 QT 图表插件。用来画曲线图、趋势图、坐标图、柱状图等类似二维图的库。实现大部分的2维图形绘制。使用时，我们在程序中写完相关调用的代码后，只需将 QCunstomPlot.cpp 和 QCustomPlot.h 两个文件加入工程，正常编译即可，有GPL的授权，支持跨平台的C/C++语言 。

        QCustomPlot给我们提供了非常方便的加载数据的接口：setData() 和 addData()。

        QCustomPlot采用了大量的技术比如自适应采样和文本对象缓存为了减少replot的时间。然而一些特性比如半透明的填充,反锯齿和粗线条都可能导致低效率。如果你在你的程序中注意到了这些。这有一些提示关于如何跳高Replot的性能。

        下面给出常用的统计图和K线图的示例：

  customPlot->plotLayout()->clear(); 
  QCPAxisRect *wideAxisRect = new QCPAxisRect(customPlot);
  wideAxisRect->setupFullAxesBox(true);
  wideAxisRect->axis(QCPAxis::atRight, 0)->setTickLabels(true);
  wideAxisRect->addAxis(QCPAxis::atLeft)->setTickLabelColor(QColor("#6050F8")); 
  QCPLayoutGrid *subLayout = new QCPLayoutGrid;
  customPlot->plotLayout()->addElement(0, 0, wideAxisRect); 
  customPlot->plotLayout()->addElement(1, 0, subLayout); 
  QCPAxisRect *subRectLeft = new QCPAxisRect(customPlot, false); 
  QCPAxisRect *subRectRight = new QCPAxisRect(customPlot, false);
  subLayout->addElement(0, 0, subRectLeft);
  subLayout->addElement(0, 1, subRectRight);
  subRectRight->setMaximumSize(150, 150); 
  subRectRight->setMinimumSize(150, 150); 
  subRectLeft->addAxes(QCPAxis::atBottom | QCPAxis::atLeft);
  subRectRight->addAxes(QCPAxis::atBottom | QCPAxis::atRight);
  subRectLeft->axis(QCPAxis::atLeft)->ticker()->setTickCount(2);
  subRectRight->axis(QCPAxis::atRight)->ticker()->setTickCount(2);
  subRectRight->axis(QCPAxis::atBottom)->ticker()->setTickCount(2);
  subRectLeft->axis(QCPAxis::atBottom)->grid()->setVisible(true);
  QCPMarginGroup *marginGroup = new QCPMarginGroup(customPlot);
  subRectLeft->setMarginGroup(QCP::msLeft, marginGroup);
  subRectRight->setMarginGroup(QCP::msRight, marginGroup);
  wideAxisRect->setMarginGroup(QCP::msLeft | QCP::msRight, marginGroup);
  foreach (QCPAxisRect *rect, customPlot->axisRects())
  {
    foreach (QCPAxis *axis, rect->axes())
    {
      axis->setLayer("axes");
      axis->grid()->setLayer("grid");
    }
  }
  
  QVector<QCPGraphData> dataCos(21), dataGauss(50), dataRandom(100);
  QVector<double> x3, y3;
  qsrand(3);
  for (int i=0; i<dataCos.size(); ++i)
  {
    dataCos[i].key = i/(double)(dataCos.size()-1)*10-5.0;
    dataCos[i].value = qCos(dataCos[i].key);
  }
  for (int i=0; i<dataGauss.size(); ++i)
  {
    dataGauss[i].key = i/(double)dataGauss.size()*10-5.0;
    dataGauss[i].value = qExp(-dataGauss[i].key*dataGauss[i].key*0.2)*1000;
  }
  for (int i=0; i<dataRandom.size(); ++i)
  {
    dataRandom[i].key = i/(double)dataRandom.size()*10;
    dataRandom[i].value = qrand()/(double)RAND_MAX-0.5+dataRandom[qMax(0, i-1)].value;
  }
  x3 << 1 << 2 << 3 << 4;
  y3 << 2 << 2.5 << 4 << 1.5;
  
  QCPGraph *mainGraphCos = customPlot->addGraph(wideAxisRect->axis(QCPAxis::atBottom), wideAxisRect->axis(QCPAxis::atLeft));
  mainGraphCos->data()->set(dataCos);
  mainGraphCos->valueAxis()->setRange(-1, 1);
  mainGraphCos->rescaleKeyAxis();
  mainGraphCos->setScatterStyle(QCPScatterStyle(QCPScatterStyle::ssCircle, QPen(Qt::black), QBrush(Qt::white), 6));
  mainGraphCos->setPen(QPen(QColor(120, 120, 120), 2));
  QCPGraph *mainGraphGauss = customPlot->addGraph(wideAxisRect->axis(QCPAxis::atBottom), wideAxisRect->axis(QCPAxis::atLeft, 1));
  mainGraphGauss->data()->set(dataGauss);
  mainGraphGauss->setPen(QPen(QColor("#8070B8"), 2));
  mainGraphGauss->setBrush(QColor(110, 170, 110, 30));
  mainGraphCos->setChannelFillGraph(mainGraphGauss);
  mainGraphCos->setBrush(QColor(255, 161, 0, 50));
  mainGraphGauss->valueAxis()->setRange(0, 1000);
  mainGraphGauss->rescaleKeyAxis();
  
  QCPGraph *subGraphRandom = customPlot->addGraph(subRectLeft->axis(QCPAxis::atBottom), subRectLeft->axis(QCPAxis::atLeft));
  subGraphRandom->data()->set(dataRandom);
  subGraphRandom->setLineStyle(QCPGraph::lsImpulse);
  subGraphRandom->setPen(QPen(QColor("#FFA100"), 1.5));
  subGraphRandom->rescaleAxes();
  
  QCPBars *subBars = new QCPBars(subRectRight->axis(QCPAxis::atBottom), subRectRight->axis(QCPAxis::atRight));
  subBars->setWidth(3/(double)x3.size());
  subBars->setData(x3, y3);
  subBars->setPen(QPen(Qt::black));
  subBars->setAntialiased(false);
  subBars->setAntialiasedFill(false);
  subBars->setBrush(QColor("#705BE8"));
  subBars->keyAxis()->setSubTicks(false);
  subBars->rescaleAxes();
 
  QSharedPointer<QCPAxisTickerFixed> intTicker(new QCPAxisTickerFixed);
  intTicker->setTickStep(1.0);
  intTicker->setScaleStrategy(QCPAxisTickerFixed::ssMultiples);
  subBars->keyAxis()->setTicker(intTicker);

统计图效果如图1-1所示：

                                                 图1-1 统计图

K线图代码：

customPlot->legend->setVisible(true);
 
int n = 500;
QVector<double> time(n), value1(n), value2(n);
QDateTime start = QDateTime(QDate(2014, 6, 11));
start.setTimeSpec(Qt::UTC);
double startTime = start.toTime_t();
double binSize = 3600*24; 
value1[0] = 60;
value2[0] = 20;
qsrand(9);
for (int i=1; i<n; ++i)
{
  time[i] = startTime + 3600*i;
  value1[i] = value1[i-1] + (qrand()/(double)RAND_MAX-0.5)*10;
  value2[i] = value2[i-1] + (qrand()/(double)RAND_MAX-0.5)*3;
}
 
QCPFinancial *candlesticks = new QCPFinancial(customPlot->xAxis, customPlot->yAxis);
candlesticks->setName("Candlestick");
candlesticks->setChartStyle(QCPFinancial::csCandlestick);
candlesticks->data()->set(QCPFinancial::timeSeriesToOhlc(time, value1, binSize, startTime));
candlesticks->setWidth(binSize*0.9);
candlesticks->setTwoColored(true);
candlesticks->setBrushPositive(QColor(245, 245, 245));
candlesticks->setBrushNegative(QColor(40, 40, 40));
candlesticks->setPenPositive(QPen(QColor(0, 0, 0)));
candlesticks->setPenNegative(QPen(QColor(0, 0, 0)));
 
QCPFinancial *ohlc = new QCPFinancial(customPlot->xAxis, customPlot->yAxis);
ohlc->setName("OHLC");
ohlc->setChartStyle(QCPFinancial::csOhlc);
ohlc->data()->set(QCPFinancial::timeSeriesToOhlc(time, value2, binSize/3.0, startTime)); 
ohlc->setWidth(binSize*0.2);
ohlc->setTwoColored(true);
 
QCPAxisRect *volumeAxisRect = new QCPAxisRect(customPlot);
customPlot->plotLayout()->addElement(1, 0, volumeAxisRect);
volumeAxisRect->setMaximumSize(QSize(QWIDGETSIZE_MAX, 100));
volumeAxisRect->axis(QCPAxis::atBottom)->setLayer("axes");
volumeAxisRect->axis(QCPAxis::atBottom)->grid()->setLayer("grid");
// bring bottom and main axis rect closer together:
customPlot->plotLayout()->setRowSpacing(0);
volumeAxisRect->setAutoMargins(QCP::msLeft|QCP::msRight|QCP::msBottom);
volumeAxisRect->setMargins(QMargins(0, 0, 0, 0));
// create two bar plottables, for positive (green) and negative (red) volume bars:
customPlot->setAutoAddPlottableToLegend(false);
QCPBars *volumePos = new QCPBars(volumeAxisRect->axis(QCPAxis::atBottom), volumeAxisRect->axis(QCPAxis::atLeft));
QCPBars *volumeNeg = new QCPBars(volumeAxisRect->axis(QCPAxis::atBottom), volumeAxisRect->axis(QCPAxis::atLeft));
for (int i=0; i<n/5; ++i)
{
  int v = qrand()%20000+qrand()%20000+qrand()%20000-10000*3;
  (v < 0 ? volumeNeg : volumePos)->addData(startTime+3600*5.0*i, qAbs(v)); 
volumePos->setWidth(3600*4);
volumePos->setPen(Qt::NoPen);
volumePos->setBrush(QColor(100, 180, 110));
volumeNeg->setWidth(3600*4);
volumeNeg->setPen(Qt::NoPen);
volumeNeg->setBrush(QColor(180, 90, 90));
 
// interconnect x axis ranges of main and bottom axis rects:
connect(customPlot->xAxis, SIGNAL(rangeChanged(QCPRange)), volumeAxisRect->axis(QCPAxis::atBottom), SLOT(setRange(QCPRange)));
connect(volumeAxisRect->axis(QCPAxis::atBottom), SIGNAL(rangeChanged(QCPRange)), customPlot->xAxis, SLOT(setRange(QCPRange)));
// configure axes of both main and bottom axis rect:
QSharedPointer<QCPAxisTickerDateTime> dateTimeTicker(new QCPAxisTickerDateTime);
dateTimeTicker->setDateTimeSpec(Qt::UTC);
dateTimeTicker->setDateTimeFormat("dd. MMMM");
volumeAxisRect->axis(QCPAxis::atBottom)->setTicker(dateTimeTicker);
volumeAxisRect->axis(QCPAxis::atBottom)->setTickLabelRotation(15);
customPlot->xAxis->setBasePen(Qt::NoPen);
customPlot->xAxis->setTickLabels(false);
customPlot->xAxis->setTicks(false); 
customPlot->xAxis->setTicker(dateTimeTicker);
customPlot->rescaleAxes();
customPlot->xAxis->scaleRange(1.025, customPlot->xAxis->range().center());
customPlot->yAxis->scaleRange(1.1, customPlot->yAxis->range().center());
 
QCPMarginGroup *group = new QCPMarginGroup(customPlot);
customPlot->axisRect()->setMarginGroup(QCP::msLeft|QCP::msRight, group);
volumeAxisRect->setMarginGroup(QCP::msLeft|QCP::msRight, group);

K线图如图1-2所示：

                                                                   图1-2 K线图

其它绘图效果如下所示：