stringstream-fstream-ofstream 实例

c++ string处理比c 高端大气上档次

http://www.cnblogs.com/JCSU/articles/1190685.html

https://blog.csdn.net/kingstar158/article/details/6859379

ifstream 读文件到 string 

1 

   ifstream fin("data.txt");  
    string s;  
    while( fin >> s )   //将fin作为源。输出给s  //逐词读入字符串 
    {    
        cout << "Read from file: " << s << endl;  
    }

2     char str[100];  
    while( fin.getline(str,100) ) //和读文件一样，逐行读 
    {    
        cout << "Read from file: " << str << endl;
    }

    string s;  
    while( getline(fin,s) )
    {    
        cout << "Read from file: " << s << endl; 
    }

============================================

1.0  准备环境1.0.1 upgrade gcc to 4.8https://teddysun.com/432.htmlhttp://www.cnblogs.com/highway-9/p/5628852.html1.0.2 c++11 build:g++ -std=gnu++11 -g isstringstream.cpp

1.1 数字转成string,强制转化 (c++ 有atoi，没有itoa)

stringstream ss;

double f=98.012345;

ss=f;

1.2 istringstream >> 替代find+sprintf

example string:57344 block groups

               istringstream record(line);  string name;

                //这样可以从long string中直接提取第一个short string。连split都不用了. 必须是istringstream; line>> name is wrong; >>一步完成find+sprintf

                record >> name;

1.3 

1.3.1 stringstream and fstream (i is input ,o is output)

while (percent <=98){   sleep (10);

          //每次loop。将重新装载最新的file（format_disk.log is 不停增长的）;不用c的fopen+while read line by line   std::ifstream ifs(file.c_str(), std::fstream::in);

         ....

       while (length)

     {

//直接到最后，index是负数，从后向前查找； 和c一样

     ifs.seekg (index, ifs.end);

       //string convert to double

         current=atof(va1[0].c_str());

#include <sstream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <iostream>
#include <ostream>
using namespace std;
struct PersonInfo {
        string name;
        vector<string> phones;
};
//it is small database
main()
{
        //line is line string, word is short string, it is word; both are string
        string line, word;
        vector<PersonInfo> people;
        ostream &os=std::cout;
        cout <<"input name , phones"<<endl;
        while(getline(cin,line)) {
                if (line=="EOF")
                        break;
                PersonInfo info;
                istringstream record(line);
                //read info.name ; it means read a string
                record >> info.name;
                cout <<"info.name="<<info.name<<endl;
                //loop read string
                while (record >>word)
                {
                        //one person can have more than 1 phone
                        info.phones.push_back(word);
                }
                //people is vector; phones is also vector; for many people , many phones; add vector element
                people.push_back(info);
        }
        //iterator vector ; it is just for c11; it is the same as java syntax
        for (const auto &entry :people) {
                //compare to istringstream. it like snprintf; string output to ostringstream;
                ostringstream formatted ,badNums;
                for (const auto &nums : entry.phones)
                        formatted<<nums;
                os <<entry.name<<":"<<formatted.str()<<endl;
        }
}

}

    stringstream ss;
//digit convert to string ;
    ss <<percent;  c没有itoa，不需要c根据ascii，0+48=‘0‘’   progress = ss.str();
       }

1.4  ostream &os
https://segmentfault.com/q/1010000007297802/a-1020000007299015
1)输出的标准长相就是引用，引用和output要绑定
2)它是基类，不允许创建对象，只允许创建指针
3) init 使用它

std::ofstream os(filename.c_str());
ex1: 小数据库  (引自 c++ primer)
abc 15826612345
efg  15912345678  13312345678 

常用打log方法：

//array don;t output like this . 1,3 method are right

1 char outbufnew[100];
ofstream outfile("f1.dat");
for (int i=0;i<len+headlen+1;i++)
outfile.put(outbufnew[i]);
outfile.close();
2 ofstream outfile2("f2.dat");
outfile2<<outbufnew<<endl;
outfile2.close();
3
 FILE *fp = NULL;
char s[] = "f3.dat";
 fp = fopen(s, "w+");

1.5 fstream

算法：从倒数第一行的倒数1个字母，while读到倒数第二行\n为止。然后getline向下一读一行.

用c实现了将光标向上移动. 

#include <fstream>
#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
#include <string.h>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
main()
{
   string file = "1.txt";  
   double current, total;  
  
   std::ifstream ifs(file.c_str(), std::fstream::in);  
    string demi1;  
    vector <string> va1;
    if (!ifs)
        cout <<"open file error"<<endl;
  
    ifs.seekg(0, ifs.end);  
    int length = ifs.tellg();  
    
    std::string line; 
//负数从后向前
    int index = -2;  
    while(length)  
    {  
        char c;  
  
        ifs.seekg (index, ifs.end);  
        ifs.get(c);
        cout <<"index="<<index<<"length="<<length<<"c="<<c<<endl;  
        if(c == '\n')  
        {  
            std::getline(ifs, line);
            cout <<"line="<<line<<endl; 
            std::istringstream iss(line);  
   
            break;  
        }  
        length--;  
        index--;  
    } 
}