perl, shell, tcl,c 互相调用

1 perl 调用 shell: system or ``(反斜杠)
2 shell 调用 perl:http://www.cnblogs.com/finallyliuyu/archive/2012/07/19/2598930.html 
3 tcl 调用 shell: exec shell
tcl 中run shell脚本用exec ;这个命令超级好用
exec echo "rcc build exit in IH" | /bin/mailx -r  123@126.com -s "rcc build exit"  123@126.com 2>/dev/null
这种都可以
运行tcl文件 source.tcl中的[]相当于shell中的``。表示执行
set a [exec uname -a ]
4 c 调用 shell ,tcl or perl
4.1 system(/opt/cool/tools/bin/inject_wise) 
(execl(curl_nvm_sim.pl, arg0, arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4, arg5, arg6, arg7, 0)
4.2 
c 语言调用shell有两种方法：一个是system 一个是popen/pclose
system: system("killall klogd");
popen: 对执行过程可以控制
if (NULL == (fp = popen(sCmd.c_str(), "r")))
{
......
}
while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), fp))
{
output += line_ptr;
output += "\n";
}

5 expect 调用shell

shell在expect中很受限。 什么空格等格式一定要精确，否则就不能执行（管道|不能和command中间注意空格)

example 1:

use exec to run shell

[] to 执行 to get output

set a [ exec ls -ltr | head -2 | tail -1  ]
puts "a=$a"

#check lognmake.out results:RET=0 or RET=-1
set result [ exec tail -1 lognmake.out ]
puts "result=$result"

example 2: shell command can;t run well

exec ksh "cd \"$ROOT/cool/lib/apsparc\";rm -f *.so"

exec cd $ROOT/cool/lib/apsparc
When you call ‘exec‘ you are creating a sub-shell.  When the exec’d program finishes, the sub-shell is terminated and you return to expect.

So ‘exec cd …’ is completely useless.  The sub-shell changes directory (but not the parent), then exits.  So the change of directory is lost.

This might have worked:  exec “cd ….; rm –f ….” because the cd and the rm would both be in the same sub-shell.

特别注意：这样执行是local 的lognmake.out。不是remote server  的lognmake.out

send "cd $ROOT/abc\r"

expect {

         timeout {puts "timeout\r"}

        "$ps1"

]

set result [ exec tail -1 lognmake.out ]

example3 :

http://forum.ubuntu.org.cn/viewtopic.php?p=109814

麻雀岁五脏俱全，expect 调用shell的框架是对的

shell 调用expect 解析。

以here文档的方式将expect脚本，送给expect解析

在expect的脚本中调用talk.sh shell

要交互的脚本（talk.sh）如下:
#!/bin/bash
echo "Who are you?"
read who
echo "Hello,$who"
echo "Are you happy?"
read answer
echo "why?"
read answe

实现自动应答的脚本auto.sh如下:
#!/bin/bash

expect<<- END
spawn ./talk.sh
expect "who"
send "firefly\n"
expect "happy?"
send "Yes,I am happy.\n"
expect "why?"
send "Because it worked!\n"
expect eof
exit
END

执行auto.sh后可以看到自动交互如下：
spawn ./talk.sh
Who are you?
firefly
Hello,firefly
Are you happy?
Yes,I am happy.
why?
Because it worked!
目前只用到了expect最基本的用法，不过对用脚本实现自动化已经很有用了