条件判断

1.条件任务语法

1.1 这里以安装卸载httpd为例

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa|grep httpd
[root@localhost ~]# 
[root@afei weixin]# vim playbook.yml 
---
- hosts: all
  vars:
    my_condition: True
  tasks:
    - name: Ensure the httpd is installed
      yum:
        name: httpd
        state: present
      when: my_condition
      [root@afei weixin]# ansible-playbook playbook.yml 

PLAY [all] ****************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] ****************************************************************
ok: [192.168.240.134]

TASK [Ensure the httpd is installed] **************************************************
changed: [192.168.240.134]

PLAY RECAP ****************************************************************************
192.168.240.134            : ok=2    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0  
 
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa|grep httpd
httpd-tools-2.4.37-21.module_el8.2.0+382+15b0afa8.x86_64
httpd-filesystem-2.4.37-21.module_el8.2.0+382+15b0afa8.noarch
centos-logos-httpd-80.5-2.el8.noarch
httpd-2.4.37-21.module_el8.2.0+382+15b0afa8.x86_64

1.2 根据变量是否赋予值来进行条件判断

---
[root@afei weixin]# vim playbook.yml 
- hosts: all
  tasks:
    - name: Ensure {{ my_servce }} is installed
      yum:
        name: {{ my_servce }}
        state: present
      when: my_servce is defined
[root@afei weixin]# ansible-playbook playbook.yml 

PLAY [all] ****************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] ****************************************************************
ok: [192.168.240.134]

TASK [Ensure {{ my_servce }} is installed] ********************************************
skipping: [192.168.240.134]

PLAY RECAP ****************************************************************************
192.168.240.134            : ok=1    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=1    rescued=0    ignored=0  

注：这里当没有定义my_servce变量时，系统跳过不会执行安装

[root@afei weixin]# vim playbook.yml 
---
- hosts: all
  vars:
    my_servce:
  tasks:
    - name: Ensure {{ my_servce }} is installed
      yum:
        name: "{{ my_servce }}"
        state: present
      when: my_servce is defined
[root@afei weixin]# ansible-playbook playbook.yml 

PLAY [all] ****************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] ****************************************************************
ok: [192.168.240.134]

TASK [Ensure  is installed] ***********************************************************
An exception occurred during task execution. To see the full traceback, use -vvv. The error was: TypeError: 'NoneType' object is not iterable
fatal: [192.168.240.134]: FAILED! => {"changed": false, "module_stderr": "Shared connection to 192.168.240.134 closed.\r\n", "module_stdout": "Traceback (most recent call last):\r\n  File \"/root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1599454461.9654365-15873-146357723295744/AnsiballZ_dnf.py\", line 102, in <module>\r\n    _ansiballz_main()\r\n  File \"/root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1599454461.9654365-15873-146357723295744/AnsiballZ_dnf.py\", line 94, in _ansiballz_main\r\n    invoke_module(zipped_mod, temp_path, ANSIBALLZ_PARAMS)\r\n  File \"/root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1599454461.9654365-15873-146357723295744/AnsiballZ_dnf.py\", line 40, in invoke_module\r\n    runpy.run_module(mod_name='ansible.modules.packaging.os.dnf', init_globals=None, run_name='__main__', alter_sys=True)\r\n  File \"/usr/lib64/python3.6/runpy.py\", line 205, in run_module\r\n    return _run_module_code(code, init_globals, run_name, mod_spec)\r\n  File \"/usr/lib64/python3.6/runpy.py\", line 96, in _run_module_code\r\n    mod_name, mod_spec, pkg_name, script_name)\r\n  File \"/usr/lib64/python3.6/runpy.py\", line 85, in _run_code\r\n    exec(code, run_globals)\r\n  File \"/tmp/ansible_dnf_payload_0cbwubys/ansible_dnf_payload.zip/ansible/modules/packaging/os/dnf.py\", line 1318, in <module>\r\n  File \"/tmp/ansible_dnf_payload_0cbwubys/ansible_dnf_payload.zip/ansible/modules/packaging/os/dnf.py\", line 1305, in main\r\n  File \"/tmp/ansible_dnf_payload_0cbwubys/ansible_dnf_payload.zip/ansible/modules/packaging/os/dnf.py\", line 323, in __init__\r\n  File \"/tmp/ansible_dnf_payload_0cbwubys/ansible_dnf_payload.zip/ansible/module_utils/yumdnf.py\", line 85, in __init__\r\nTypeError: 'NoneType' object is not iterable\r\n", "msg": "MODULE FAILURE\nSee stdout/stderr for the exact error", "rc": 1}

PLAY RECAP ****************************************************************************
192.168.240.134            : ok=1    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=1    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0   

注：这里虽然定义了my_servce变量，但是没有赋值，所以依旧不能执行

[root@afei weixin]# vim playbook.yml 
---
- hosts: all
  vars:
    my_servce: httpd
  tasks:
    - name: Ensure {{ my_servce }} is installed
      yum:
        name: "{{ my_servce }}"
        state: present
      when: my_servce is defined
[root@afei weixin]# ansible-playbook playbook.yml 

PLAY [all] ****************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] ****************************************************************
ok: [192.168.240.134]

TASK [Ensure httpd is installed] ******************************************************
changed: [192.168.240.134]

PLAY RECAP ****************************************************************************
192.168.240.134            : ok=2    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0   

注：只有当定义了变量并赋予了值，才会正常执行安装