QT 串口工具 关键函数

近期做了一个项目，需要用到串口发送调试命令，网上的串口助手没办法完全和设备端匹配，自己用QT写了一个，过程记录一下！免得以后忘了！

1.串口设置

直接上代码：

    QSerialPort::BaudRate baudRate;
    QSerialPort::DataBits dataBits;
    QSerialPort::StopBits stopBits;
    QSerialPort::Parity   checkBits;

    // 获取串口波特率
    baudRate = (QSerialPort::BaudRate)ui->cmbBaudRate->currentText().toUInt();
    // 获取串口数据位
    dataBits = (QSerialPort::DataBits)ui->cmbData->currentText().toUInt();
    // 获取串口停止位
    if(ui->cmbStop->currentText() == "1"){
        stopBits = QSerialPort::OneStop;
    }else if(ui->cmbStop->currentText() == "1.5"){
        stopBits = QSerialPort::OneAndHalfStop;
    }else if(ui->cmbStop->currentText() == "2"){
        stopBits = QSerialPort::TwoStop;
    }else{
        stopBits = QSerialPort::OneStop;
    }

    // 获取串口奇偶校验位
    if(ui->cmbCheck->currentText() == "无"){
        checkBits = QSerialPort::NoParity;
    }else if(ui->cmbCheck->currentText() == "奇校验"){
        checkBits = QSerialPort::OddParity;
    }else if(ui->cmbCheck->currentText() == "偶校验"){
        checkBits = QSerialPort::EvenParity;
    }else{
        checkBits = QSerialPort::NoParity;
    }

    mySerialPort->setBaudRate(baudRate);
    mySerialPort->setDataBits(dataBits);
    mySerialPort->setStopBits(stopBits);
    mySerialPort->setParity(checkBits);
    QString spTxt = ui->cmbSerialPort->currentText();
    spTxt = spTxt.section(':', 0, 0);//spTxt.mid(0, spTxt.indexOf(":"));
    //qDebug() << spTxt;
    mySerialPort->setPortName(spTxt);

    if(ui->btnSwitch->text() == "打开串口"){
        if(mySerialPort->open(QIODevice::ReadWrite) == true){

            ui->btnSwitch->setText("关闭串口");
            ui->cmbSerialPort->setEnabled(false);
            ui->cmbBaudRate->setEnabled(false);
            ui->cmbStop->setEnabled(false);
            ui->cmbData->setEnabled(false);
            ui->cmbCheck->setEnabled(false);
        }else{
            QMessageBox::critical(this, "error", "error open serial port！！！\r\n\r\n please check port and try again");
        }
    }else{
        mySerialPort->close();
        ui->btnSwitch->setText("打开串口");
        ui->cmbSerialPort->setEnabled(true);
        ui->cmbBaudRate->setEnabled(true);
        ui->cmbStop->setEnabled(true);
        ui->cmbData->setEnabled(true);
        ui->cmbCheck->setEnabled(true);
    }

2.串口接收和通用发送设置

包括接16进制收发和时间戳添加

代码

//receive data handle
       if(ui->chkRec->checkState() == false){
            QString strb = QString::fromLocal8Bit(recBuf);//QString::fromUtf8(recBuf);           
            ui->txtRec->appendPlainText(strb);
        }else{
            QString str1 = recBuf.toHex().toUpper();//.data();
            QString str2;
            for(int i = 0; i<str1.length (); i+=2)
            {
                str2 += str1.mid (i,2);
                str2 += " ";
            }
            ui->txtRec->appendPlainText(str2);
        }

        if(ui->chkTime->checkState() != false){
        time=QTime::currentTime();
        QString str;
        str.append("  [");
        str.append(time.toString("hh:mm:ss.zzz"));
        str.append("]");
        ui->txtRec->moveCursor(QTextCursor::End);
        ui->txtRec->insertPlainText(str);
        }

//send data handle
void MainWindow::on_SendData_clicked()
{
    QByteArray sendData;
    if(ui->chkSend->checkState() == false){       
        sendData = ui->txtSend->toPlainText().toLocal8Bit();
    }else{       
        sendData = QByteArray::fromHex(ui->txtSend->toPlainText().toLocal8Bit());
    }
    mySerialPort->write(sendData);


}

3.串口接收函数

主要问题是，如果直接处理收到的数据，可能会造成数据不全、丢数据的情况，为了解决这个问题，增加了一个Timer延迟，如果在延迟时间内没有串口数据进来，认为数据已经传完，进入数据处理函数。这样做的好处是，不会造成数据丢失，但是要注意延迟时间的设置，如果延迟时间太长超过帧间隔，就会造成数据错误。

代码如下；

//initial receive timer and serial receive handle function

timRec = new QTimer;
connect(timRec, SIGNAL(timeout()), this, SLOT(serialDataHandle()));

mySerialPort = new QSerialPort(this);
connect(mySerialPort, SIGNAL(readyRead()), this, SLOT(serialPortRead_Slot()));


void MainWindow::serialPortRead_Slot()
{
    QByteArray temp;
    temp = mySerialPort->readAll();
    recBuf.append(temp);
    temp.clear();
    timRec->start(20);
}
void MainWindow::serialDataHandle()
{
    timRec->stop();
        if(ui->chkRec->checkState() == false){

            QString strb = QString::fromLocal8Bit(recBuf);
            ui->txtRec->appendPlainText(strb);
        }else{
            QString str1 = recBuf.toHex().toUpper();
            QString str2;
            for(int i = 0; i<str1.length (); i+=2)
            {
                str2 += str1.mid (i,2);
                str2 += " ";
            }
            ui->txtRec->appendPlainText(str2);
        }
        if(ui->chkTime->checkState() != false){
        time=QTime::currentTime();
        QString str;
        str.append("  [");
        str.append(time.toString("hh:mm:ss.zzz"));
        str.append("]");
        ui->txtRec->moveCursor(QTextCursor::End);
        ui->txtRec->insertPlainText(str);
        }
    recBuf.clear();
}

4.调试指令打包发送

调试指令中的参数可以在界面中修改，在打包后发送给设备端

void MainWindow::on_ledCurrentSend_clicked()
{
    uint16_t data[6] = {0};

    data[0] = 0x0000;
    if(ui->ledRedSendVal->text().toUInt() >= 1023){
        data[1] = 1023;
    }else{
        data[1] = ui->ledRedSendVal->text().toUInt();
    }
    if(ui->ledGreenSendVal->text().toUInt() >= 1023){
        data[2] = 1023;
    }else{
        data[2] = ui->ledGreenSendVal->text().toUInt();
    }
    if(ui->ledBlueSendVal->text().toUInt() >= 1023){
        data[3] = 1023;
    }else{
        data[3] = ui->ledBlueSendVal->text().toUInt();
    }

    serial_cmd_pack(SET_LED_CMD,data);    
}


void MainWindow::serial_cmd_pack(uint16_t cmd,uint16_t *data)
{
    if(ui->btnSwitch->text() == "打开串口")
    {
        QMessageBox::critical(this, "error", "Serial Port not Open！！！\r\n pleased open serial port first and try again");
        return ;
    }
    uint8_t i;
    QByteArray sendData=0;
    uCmdData.SendCmd.start_head = COMMAND_HEAD;
    uCmdData.SendCmd.command    = cmd;
    uCmdData.SendCmd.data0 = *data;
    uCmdData.SendCmd.data1 = *(data+1);
    uCmdData.SendCmd.data2 = *(data+2);
    uCmdData.SendCmd.data3 = *(data+3);
    uCmdData.SendCmd.data4 = *(data+4);
    uCmdData.SendCmd.data5 = *(data+5);
    uCmdData.SendCmd.checksum = (uCmdData.SendCmd.command+uCmdData.SendCmd.data0+uCmdData.SendCmd.data1+uCmdData.SendCmd.data2+uCmdData.SendCmd.data3+uCmdData.SendCmd.data4+uCmdData.SendCmd.data5)%0x1000;//&0x1000;
    uCmdData.SendCmd.end_tail = COMMAND_END;
    for(i=0;i<CMD_SIZE;i++)
    {
        sendData[i] = uCmdData.arrydata[i];
    }
    mySerialPort->write(sendData,CMD_SIZE);
    Turning_Cmd = cmd;
}

最终效果如图