NSThread GCD

线程和 进程

每一个应用程序都可以看做一个进程,每一个进程可以包含多个线程,但是至少有一个线程(一般由系统默认创建)我们称之为主线程.如果想要多线程去完成多任务工作需要我们手动开辟创建子线程 一般我们将耗时的操作放入子线程进行,对于UI界面的刷新,我们仍然在主线程中工作,否则会发生灵异现象

 关于多线程的好处 和坏处

 好处:

 1.使用多线程可以把程序中的耗时操作放入子线程进行后台处理,比如网络请求,图片的下载

 2.发挥多核处理器的优势,让程序执行更加流畅,更加迅速用户体验好

 坏处:

 1.大量的线程开辟降低代码的可读性

 2.线程的开辟就意味着需要更多的空间

 3.在进行多线程工作,会发生多个线程对统一资源进行抢夺,发生线程安全问题

对于网络请求 可以放在子线程进行操作但是对于UI界面的刷新重新赋值需要回到主线程进行

#pragma mark - 子线程开辟 第一种方式使用 NSThread
    //[NSThread currentThread] 获取当前的线程
    //[NSThread isMainThread] 判断当前的线程是否是主线程
    NSLog(@"%@ ----- %d",[NSThread currentThread],[NSThread isMainThread]);
    
    //1.使用类方法 开辟子线程
    [NSThread detachNewThreadSelector:@selector(print1) toTarget:self withObject:nil];
    [NSThread detachNewThreadSelector:@selector(print2) toTarget:self withObject:nil];
    
    //2.创建对象 开辟子线程
    NSThread *thread1 = [[NSThread alloc] initWithTarget:self selector:@selector(print1) object:nil];
    NSThread *thread2 = [[NSThread alloc] initWithTarget:self selector:@selector(print2) object:nil];
   //开启子线程 并执行任务
    [thread1 start];
    [thread2 start];

#pragma mark - 开辟子线程的 第二种方法 使用NSObject提供的方法
    
    [self performSelectorInBackground:@selector(print1) withObject:self];
    [self performSelectorInBackground:@selector(print2) withObject:self];

#pragma mark - 开辟子线程的第三种方式 NSOperationQueue

    //创建任务 NSOperation
    //1.使用block 创建任务
    NSBlockOperation *operation1 = [NSBlockOperation blockOperationWithBlock:^{
        NSLog(@"%@ ------ %d 任务1",[NSThread currentThread],[NSThread isMainThread]);
    }];
    NSBlockOperation *operation2 = [NSBlockOperation blockOperationWithBlock:^{
        NSLog(@"%@ ------ %d 任务2",[NSThread currentThread],[NSThread isMainThread]);
    }];
    
    //2.使用NSInvocationOperation 创建任务
    NSInvocationOperation *operation3 = [[NSInvocationOperation alloc] initWithTarget:self selector:@selector(action1) object:nil];
    
    NSInvocationOperation *operation4 = [[NSInvocationOperation alloc] initWithTarget:self selector:@selector(action2) object:nil];
    
    //创建任务队列
    NSOperationQueue *queue = [[NSOperationQueue alloc] init];
    
//    //控制开辟线程个数
//    queue.maxConcurrentOperationCount = 1;
//    
//    
//    //添加任务
//    [queue addOperation:operation1];
//    [queue addOperation:operation2];
//    [queue addOperation:operation3];
//    [queue addOperation:operation4];
    
    //线程重用问题
    for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
        //创建任务
        NSBlockOperation *operation = [NSBlockOperation blockOperationWithBlock:^{
            NSLog(@"%@------------------%d   任务%d",[NSThread currentThread],[NSThread isMainThread],i);
        }];
        //添加到任务队列
        [queue addOperation:operation];
    }

串行 多个任务执行时,只能一个一个执行.比如,只有当第一个任务执行完,第二个才能执行,接着是第三个...

- (IBAction)serialQueue:(id)sender {
    
    //1.系统创建串行队列
    dispatch_queue_t systemQueue = dispatch_get_main_queue();
    dispatch_async(systemQueue, ^{
        NSLog(@"%@ --- %d  任务1",[NSThread currentThread],[NSThread isMainThread]);
    });
    
    dispatch_async(systemQueue, ^{
        NSLog(@"%@ --- %d  任务2",[NSThread currentThread],[NSThread isMainThread]);
    });
    
    dispatch_async(systemQueue, ^{
        NSLog(@"%@ --- %d  任务3",[NSThread currentThread],[NSThread isMainThread]);
    });
    
    dispatch_async(systemQueue, ^{
        NSLog(@"%@ --- %d  任务4",[NSThread currentThread],[NSThread isMainThread]);
    });
    
    
    //2.自己创建串行队列
    //第一个参数给定一个标识
    //第二个参数给定当前创建队列的属性
    dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_queue_create("com.lanou.www", DISPATCH_QUEUE_SERIAL);
    
    //任务添加
    dispatch_async(queue, ^{
        
        NSLog(@"%@ --- %d  任务1",[NSThread currentThread],[NSThread isMainThread]);
    });
    
    dispatch_async(queue, ^{
        
        NSLog(@"%@ --- %d  任务2",[NSThread currentThread],[NSThread isMainThread]);
    });
    
    dispatch_async(queue, ^{
        
        NSLog(@"%@ --- %d  任务3",[NSThread currentThread],[NSThread isMainThread]);
    });
    
    dispatch_async(queue, ^{
        
        NSLog(@"%@ --- %d  任务4",[NSThread currentThread],[NSThread isMainThread]);
    });
}

并行  建议使用系统创建的

- (IBAction)concurrentQueue:(id)sender {
    
    //1.使用系统创建的并行队列
    dispatch_queue_t systemQueue = dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0);
    //添加 任务
    //第一个参数 设置优先级
    //第二个参数 预留参数 当前给0
    dispatch_async(systemQueue, ^{
        NSLog(@"%@-----%d  任务1",[NSThread currentThread],[NSThread isMainThread]);
    });
    
    dispatch_async(systemQueue, ^{
        NSLog(@"%@-----%d  任务2",[NSThread currentThread],[NSThread isMainThread]);
    });
    
    dispatch_async(systemQueue, ^{
        NSLog(@"%@-----%d  任务3",[NSThread currentThread],[NSThread isMainThread]);
    });
    
    dispatch_async(systemQueue, ^{
        NSLog(@"%@-----%d  任务4",[NSThread currentThread],[NSThread isMainThread]);
    });
    
    
    //2.自己创建并行队列
    dispatch_queue_t myQueue = dispatch_queue_create("com.xilanhua.www", DISPATCH_QUEUE_CONCURRENT);
    
    dispatch_async(myQueue, ^{
        NSLog(@"%@-----%d  任务1",[NSThread currentThread],[NSThread isMainThread]);
    });
    
    dispatch_async(myQueue, ^{
        NSLog(@"%@-----%d  任务2",[NSThread currentThread],[NSThread isMainThread]);
    });
    
    dispatch_async(myQueue, ^{
        NSLog(@"%@-----%d  任务3",[NSThread currentThread],[NSThread isMainThread]);
    });
    
    dispatch_async(myQueue, ^{
        NSLog(@"%@-----%d  任务4",[NSThread currentThread],[NSThread isMainThread]);
    });

    
}
//分组
- (IBAction)group:(id)sender {
    
    //创建分组
    dispatch_group_t group = dispatch_group_create();
    
    //使用系统创建并行队列
    dispatch_queue_t systemQueue = dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0);
    
    
    
    //添加任务
    dispatch_group_async(group, systemQueue, ^{
        NSLog(@"%@-----%d  任务1",[NSThread currentThread],[NSThread isMainThread]);
    });
    dispatch_group_async(group, systemQueue, ^{
        NSLog(@"%@-----%d  任务2",[NSThread currentThread],[NSThread isMainThread]);
    });
    dispatch_group_async(group, systemQueue, ^{
        NSLog(@"%@-----%d  任务3",[NSThread currentThread],[NSThread isMainThread]);
    });
    
    //当分组中所有任务完成时 执行
    dispatch_group_notify(group, systemQueue, ^{
        NSLog(@"分组中的任务全部完成");
    });
    
}
//障碍
- (IBAction)barrier:(id)sender {
    
    //创建自己的并行队列
    dispatch_queue_t myQueue = dispatch_queue_create("com.kongxincai.www", DISPATCH_QUEUE_CONCURRENT);
    
    //加载过程
    dispatch_async(myQueue, ^{
        NSLog(@"A 加载...");
    });
    dispatch_async(myQueue, ^{
        NSLog(@"B 加载...");
    });
    dispatch_async(myQueue, ^{
        NSLog(@"C 加载...");
    });
    
    
    dispatch_barrier_async(myQueue, ^{
        NSLog(@"全部加载完成,开始进入游戏...");
    });
    
    //进入游戏
    dispatch_async(myQueue, ^{
        NSLog(@"A 进入游戏");
    });
    dispatch_async(myQueue, ^{
        NSLog(@"B 进入游戏");
    });
    dispatch_async(myQueue, ^{
        NSLog(@"C 进入游戏");
    });
    
    
    dispatch_barrier_async(myQueue, ^{
        NSLog(@"全部进入游戏");
        
        //回到主线程
        dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
            NSLog(@"敌军还有30秒钟到达战场,碾碎他们");
        });
    });
    
    
}
//一次
- (IBAction)once:(id)sender {
    static dispatch_once_t onceToken;
    dispatch_once(&onceToken, ^{
        NSLog(@"First Blood!");
    });
}
- (IBAction)buyTicket:(id)sender {
    
    //创建并行队列
    dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0);
    
    for (int i = 0; i < 11; i++) {
        dispatch_async(queue, ^{
            [self buy];
        });
    }
}

//购买
-(void)buy
{
    
    static int count = 10; //10张票
    //加锁
    [_lock lock];
    if (count <= 0) {
        NSLog(@"没票了");
    }else
    {
    count --;//每买一次 票数-1
        NSLog(@"购买第%d张票",10-count);
    }
    //解锁
    [_lock unlock];

}