Groovy~Groovy的异常

方法使用try和catch关键字的组合捕获异常。try/catch块放置在可能生成异常的代码周围

class FirstTest{
    static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            // Protected code
        } catch(ExceptionName e1) {
            // Catch block
        }
    }
}

class FirstTest{
    static void main(String[] args) {
        try{
            def arr = new int[3]
            arr[5] = 5
        } catch(Exception ex){
            println "Catching the execption"
        }
        println "Let's move on after the exception"
    }
}

class FirstTest{
    static void main(String[] args) {
        try{
            def arr = new int[3]
            arr[5] = 5
        } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException ex){
            println "Catching the Array out of Bounds exception"
        } catch (Exception ex){
            println ("Catching the exception")
        }
        println ("Let's move on after the exception")
    }
}

二、finally块

finally块在跟在try块或catch块之后。代码的finally块总是执行，而不管异常的发生。使用finally块可以运行任何你想要执行的清楚类型语句，无论在受保护代码中发生什么

try{
    // Protected code
} catch (ExceptionType1 e1){
    // Catch block
} catch (ExceptionType2 e2){
    // Catch block
} catch (ExceptionType3 e3){
    // Catch block
} finally {
    // The finally block always executes
}

class FirstTest{
    static void main(String[] args) {
        try{
            def arr = new int[3]
            arr[5] = 5
        } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException ex){
            println "Catching the Array out of Bounds exception"
        } catch (Exception ex){
            println "Catching the exception"
        } finally {
            println "The final block"
        }

        println "Let's move on after the exception"
    }
}

三、异常方法

• public String getMessage()：返回有关已发生异常的详细信息
• public Throwable getCause()：返回由Throwable对象表示的异常原因
• public String toString()：返回与getMessage()的结果连接的类的名称
• public void pirntStackTrace()：将toString()的结果与堆栈跟踪一起打印到System.err,错误输出流
• public StackTraceElement [] getStackTrace()：返回包含堆栈跟踪上的每个元素的数组。索引0处的元素表示调用堆栈的顶部，数组中的最后一个元素表示调用堆栈底部的方法
• public Throwable fillInStackTrace()：使用当前堆栈跟踪填充此Throwable对象的堆栈跟踪，添加到堆栈跟踪中的任何以前的信息

class FirstTest{
    static void main(String[] args) {
        try{
            def arr = new int[3]
            arr[5] = 5
        } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException ex){
            println ex.toString()
            println ex.getMessage()
            println ex.getStackTrace()
        } catch (Exception ex){
            println "Catching the exception"
        } finally {
            println "The final block"
        }

        println "Let's move on after the exception"
    }
}