browserify--将js代码解析为AST树并解析AST树

在服务端，nodeJS可以直接使用CommonJS规范来写，运行在浏览器中的前端代码也可以这样写，然后使用browserify可以将其转化为模块化写法，装载依赖模块。其原理就是将js代码字符串解析为AST树，然后遍历AST树分析出require的依赖项，使用我们自己写得require函数来加载依赖项即可。

具体原理可参考：browserify运行原理分析

这里面牵扯到两项比较大的功能，一项是将js代码字符串解析为AST树，项目地址：点击打开链接，一项是遍历AST树方便我们得到我们想要的东西，项目地址：点击打开链接。

这个其实是运行于nodeJS环境的代码，方便我们来写工具。但是在浏览器中我们也可以做测试。测试代码：

<script src="./esprima.js"></script>
<script src="./estraverse.js"></script>
<script>
    var ast = esprima.parse('function a(){return 5+6;}');
    estraverse.traverse(ast, {
        enter: function (node) {
            console.log(node);
        }
    });
</script>

但是此处我们需要将estraverse.js的代码做一点改造。如下：

/*
  Copyright (C) 2012-2013 Yusuke Suzuki <utatane.tea@gmail.com>
  Copyright (C) 2012 Ariya Hidayat <ariya.hidayat@gmail.com>
  Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
  modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
    * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
      notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
    * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
      notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
      documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
  AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
  ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL <COPYRIGHT HOLDER> BE LIABLE FOR ANY
  DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
  (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
  LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND
  ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
  (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
  THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
/*jslint vars:false, bitwise:true*/
/*jshint indent:4*/
/*global exports:true*/
var estraverse = {};
(function clone(exports) {
    'use strict';

    var Syntax,
        isArray,
        VisitorOption,
        VisitorKeys,
        objectCreate,
        objectKeys,
        BREAK,
        SKIP,
        REMOVE;

    function ignoreJSHintError() { }

    isArray = Array.isArray;
    if (!isArray) {
        isArray = function isArray(array) {
            return Object.prototype.toString.call(array) === '[object Array]';
        };
    }

    function deepCopy(obj) {
        var ret = {}, key, val;
        for (key in obj) {
            if (obj.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
                val = obj[key];
                if (typeof val === 'object' && val !== null) {
                    ret[key] = deepCopy(val);
                } else {
                    ret[key] = val;
                }
            }
        }
        return ret;
    }

    function shallowCopy(obj) {
        var ret = {}, key;
        for (key in obj) {
            if (obj.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
                ret[key] = obj[key];
            }
        }
        return ret;
    }
    ignoreJSHintError(shallowCopy);

    // based on LLVM libc++ upper_bound / lower_bound
    // MIT License

    function upperBound(array, func) {
        var diff, len, i, current;

        len = array.length;
        i = 0;

        while (len) {
            diff = len >>> 1;
            current = i + diff;
            if (func(array[current])) {
                len = diff;
            } else {
                i = current + 1;
                len -= diff + 1;
            }
        }
        return i;
    }

    function lowerBound(array, func) {
        var diff, len, i, current;

        len = array.length;
        i = 0;

        while (len) {
            diff = len >>> 1;
            current = i + diff;
            if (func(array[current])) {
                i = current + 1;
                len -= diff + 1;
            } else {
                len = diff;
            }
        }
        return i;
    }
    ignoreJSHintError(lowerBound);

    objectCreate = Object.create || (function () {
        function F() { }

        return function (o) {
            F.prototype = o;
            return new F();
        };
    })();

    objectKeys = Object.keys || function (o) {
        var keys = [], key;
        for (key in o) {
            keys.push(key);
        }
        return keys;
    };

    function extend(to, from) {
        var keys = objectKeys(from), key, i, len;
        for (i = 0, len = keys.length; i < len; i += 1) {
            key = keys[i];
            to[key] = from[key];
        }
        return to;
    }

    Syntax = {
        AssignmentExpression: 'AssignmentExpression',
        AssignmentPattern: 'AssignmentPattern',
        ArrayExpression: 'ArrayExpression',
        ArrayPattern: 'ArrayPattern',
        ArrowFunctionExpression: 'ArrowFunctionExpression',
        AwaitExpression: 'AwaitExpression', // CAUTION: It's deferred to ES7.
        BlockStatement: 'BlockStatement',
        BinaryExpression: 'BinaryExpression',
        BreakStatement: 'BreakStatement',
        CallExpression: 'CallExpression',
        CatchClause: 'CatchClause',
        ClassBody: &