目录
(一)实验要求:
(4)配置业务全网通
(一)实验要求:
1、AS1中存在两个环回,一个地址为192.168.1.0/24,该地址不能在任何协议中宣告;
AS3中存在两个环回,一个地址为192.168.2.0/24,该地址不能在任何协议中宣告,最终要求这两个环回可以ping通;
2、整个AS2的IP地址为172.16.0.0/16,请合理划分;并且其内部配置OSPF协议
3、R1-R8的建邻环回用x.x.x.x/32表示;R2-R7上除了建邻环回,每个设备再划分一个业务网段;
4、AS间的骨干链路IP地址随意定制;
5、使用BGP协议让整个网络所有设备的环回可以互相访问;
(二)实验top:
(三)实验思路:
(1)网段划分
(2)配IP与环回地址
(3)配全网通
(A)内网通:
(a)配OSPF使AS2内网互通
(B)私公网通
(a)配BGP建立邻居
(b)宣告网段
(c)写路由反射器
(d)配置隧道接口(点到点的隧道GRE)
(4)配置业务全网通
(四)实验步骤:
(1)网段划分:
总网段:
172.16.0.0 16(172.16.00000000.00000000)
划分出七个网段
建邻地址:
172.168.0.0 32(172.16.0000 0000. 0000 0000)
业务:
172.16.2.0 24(172.16.00000010.0000000)
172.16.3.0 24(172.16.00000011.0000000)
172.16.4.0 24(172.16.00000100.0000000)
172.16.5.0 24(172.16.00000101.0000000)
172.16.6.0 24(172.16.00000110.0000000)
172.16.7.0 24(172.16.00000111.0000000)
AS主干:
172.16.1.0 24(172.16.00000001.0000000)
AS 2总网段:
172.16.1.0 30(172.16.0000 0001.0000 0000)
划分出六个网段:
172.16.1.0 30(172.168.1.0000 0000)
172.16.1.4 30(172.168.1.0000 0100)
172.16.1.8 30(172.168.1.0000 0000)
172.16.1.12 30(172.168.1.0000 1100)
172.16.1.16 30(172.168.1.0001 0100)
172.16.1.20 30(172.168.1.0001 1000)
(2)配IP与环回地址
R1:
[R1]int g0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.1.1.1 24
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R1-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.1 32
[R1-LoopBack0]int l1
[R1-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.1.1 24
R2:
[R2]int g0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.1.1.2 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.1 30
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 172.16.1.21 30
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int l0
[R2-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.2 32
[R2-LoopBack0]int l1
[R2-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.2.2 24
R3:
[R3]int g0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.2 30
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.5 30
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R3-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.3 32
[R3-LoopBack0]int l1
[R3-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.3.3 24
R4:
[R4]int g0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.6 30
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.9 30
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R4-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.4 32
[R4-LoopBack0]int l1
[R4-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.4.4 24
R5:
[R5]int g0/0/0
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.22 30
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.17 30
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R5-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.5 32
[R5-LoopBack0]int l1
[R5-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.5.5 24
R6:
[R6]int g0/0/0
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.18 30
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.13 30
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R6-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.6 32
[R6-LoopBack0]int l1
[R6-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.6.6 24
R7:
[R7]int g0/0/0
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.14 30
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.10 30
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 34.1.1.1 24
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int l0
[R7-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.7 32
[R7-LoopBack0]int l1
[R7-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.7.7 24
R8:
[R8]int g0/0/0
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 34.1.1.2 24
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R8-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.8 32
[R8-LoopBack0]int l1
[R8-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.2.1 24
(3)配全网通
(A)内网通:
(a)配OSPF使AS2内网互通
R2:
[R2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[R2-ospf-1]a 0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
R3:
[R3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[R3-ospf-1]a 0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
R4:
[R4]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4
[R4-ospf-1]a 0
[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
R5:
[R5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5
[R5-ospf-1]a 0
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
R6:
[R6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6
[R6-ospf-1]a 0
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
R7:
[R7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
[R7-ospf-1]a 0
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
现象:
R2:
邻表:
OSPF协议表:
R3:
邻表:
OSPF协议表:
R4:
邻表:
OSPF路由表:
R5:
邻表:
OSPF路由表:
R6:
邻表:
OSPF路由表:
R7:
邻表:
OSPF路由表:
AS 2内网通:
(B)私公网通
(a)配BGP建立邻居
只要使用环回口建立IEBP邻居,都要修改更新源
且在EBGP上是要修改最大跳数的
需要写下一跳的两种情况:
1、改路由既有EBGP邻居又有IBGP邻居,在写IBGP邻居时要写下一跳为本机
2、联盟内EBGP:AS之间的两个子AS之间建立EBGP邻居,要修改下一跳为本机
R1:
[R1]bgp 1
[R1-bgp]peer 12.1.1.2 as-number 2
R2:
[R2]bgp 64512
[R2-bgp]confederation id 2 //声明自己的大AS
[R2-bgp]confederation peer-as 64513 //声明联络AS(与AS64513建邻)
[R2-bgp]peer 12.1.1.1 as-number 1
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 as-number 64512
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 connect-interface l0 //可以用环回口建邻也可以用物理口建邻,这里用环回口
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 next-hop-local //改路由既有EBGP邻居又有IBGP邻居,在写IBGP邻居时要写下一跳为本机
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.0.5 as-number 64513
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.0.5 next-hop-local
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.0.5 ebgp-max-hop //EBGP之间建邻一定要修改最大跳数
R3:
[R3]bgp 64512
[R3-bgp]confederation id 2
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.2 as-number 64512
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.2 connect-interface l0
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.4 as-number 64512
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.4 connect-interface l0
R4:
[R4]bgp 64512
[R4-bgp]confederation id 2
[R4-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 as-number 64512
[R4-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 connect-interface l0
R5:
[R5]bgp 64513
[R5-bgp]confederation id 2
[R5-bgp]confederation peer-as 64512
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.0.2 as 64512
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.0.2 connect-interface l0 //修改更新源为环回
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.0.2 next-hop-local //修改下一跳为本机
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.0.2 ebgp-max-hop
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 as 64513
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 connect-interface l0
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 next-hop-local
R6:
[R6]bgp 64513
[R6-bgp]confederation id 2
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.5 as-number 64513
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.5 connect-interface l0
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.7 as-number 64513
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.7 connect-interface l0
R7:
[R7]bgp 64513
[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 as-number 64513
[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 connect-interface l0
[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 next-hop-local
R8:
[R8]bgp 3
[R8-bgp]peer 34.1.1.1 as-number 2
(b)宣告网段
建邻地址不宣告:路由器的建邻地址会学不全,与top图路由走向会出现不一致,干扰理解路由走向
R2:
[R2-bgp]network 172.16.2.0 24
R3:
[R3-bgp]network 172.16.3.0 24
R4:
[R4-bgp]network 172.16.4.0 24
R5:
[R5-bgp]network 172.16.5.0 24
R6:
[R6-bgp]network 172.16.6.0 24
R7:
[R7-bgp]network 172.16.7.0 24
(c)配路由反射器:使得AS内相隔路由器可以学到相同网段
解决网段学不全的问题使得AS内相隔路由器可以学到相同网段:
- 路由反射器
- 2.IBGP全连接
所有客户端都需要与反射器去建邻,所以选R3、R6为反射器(宣告R2的话R3与R4还要再建邻)
R3为反射器,R2、R4为反射客户端
R6为反射器,R5、R7为用户
R3:
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.2 reflect-client
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.4 reflect-client
R6:
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.5 reflect-client
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.7 reflect-client
(d)建隧道:
前提:全网通
即源、目地址不能为12.1.1.1 与34.1.1.2
R1:
[R1]int t0/0/0
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 10.1.1.1 24
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]source 172.16.0.1
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]destination 172.16.0.8
R8:
[R8]int t0/0/0
[R8-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 10.1.1.2 24
[R8-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre
[R8-Tunnel0/0/0]source 172.16.0.8
[R8-Tunnel0/0/0]destination 172.16.0.1
(4)配置业务全网通
走建邻路由去给学习路由器学习业务路由
R1:
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.2.0 24 10.1.1.2
R8:
[R8]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 24 10.1.1.1
测试:
注:隧道ping不同业务,只能ping通隧道;业务也一致