一个函数指针参数的坑

 #include <stdio.h>                                                                                                                                                  
 #include <malloc.h>
 #include <string.h>
  
 void foo(char *a)
 {
     if(a == NULL){
         a = (char *)malloc(15);
     }
     if(a == NULL){
         printf("error!\n");
         return;
     }
     printf("foo addr:0x%x\n",a);
     strcpy(a,"hello world");
     return;
}
int main(void)
{
     char *a = NULL;
     printf("a addr:0x%x\n",a);
     foo(a);
     printf("a:%s\n",a);
 
     char *b = NULL;
     b = (char *)malloc(15);
     printf("b addr:0x%x\n",b);
     foo(b);
     printf("b:%s\n",b);
 
     return 0;
}

运行结果：

:~/code/test$ ./a.out
a addr:0x0
foo addr:0x95d4008
a:(null)
b addr:0x95d4020
foo addr:0x95d4020
b:hello world

a因为要在foo里面malloc，所以覆盖操作都是在原先传进去的a地址上，a指向的地址还是null。通俗一点可以这么理解：main函数里是a，foo函数里其实是a‘，a'=a;a'=malloc(size);a'="hello world"。所以a还是原来那个a。同理b'=b;b'="hello word",因为b和b'指向的是同一个内存区域，所以b=“hello world”