装饰模式（Decorator）---对象结构型模式

意图：动态的给一个对象添加一些额外的职责。就增加功能来说，Decorator模式相比生成子类更为灵活。
结构：

Component —定义一个对象接口，可以给需要装饰的对象动态的添加职责。
ConcreteComponent —定义一个对象，并对该对象进行装饰（或者添加一些职责）。
Decorator — 维持一个指向Component 的指针，并定义一个与Component 接口一致的接口。
ConcreteDecorator — 添加职责。
Decorator 将请求发送给Component 对象，然后由 Component 指针指向的对象执行相应的操作。

代码：

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class Component
{
public:
    virtual void Operation() = 0;
};
class ConcreteComponent : public Component
{
public:
    virtual void Operation()
    {
        cout << "I am no decoratored ConcreteComponent" << endl;
    }
};
class Decorator : public Component
{
public:
    Decorator(Component *pComponent) : m_pComponentObj(pComponent) {}
    virtual void Operation()
    {
        if (m_pComponentObj != NULL)
        {
            m_pComponentObj->Operation();
        }
    }
protected:
    Component *m_pComponentObj;
};
class ConcreteDecoratorA : public Decorator
{
public:
    ConcreteDecoratorA(Component *pDecorator) : Decorator(pDecorator){}
    virtual void Operation()
    {
        Decorator::Operation();
        AddedBehavior();
    }
    void  AddedBehavior()
    {
        cout << "This is added behavior A." << endl;
    }
};
class ConcreteDecoratorB : public Decorator
{
public:
    ConcreteDecoratorB(Component *pDecorator) : Decorator(pDecorator){}
    virtual void Operation()
    {
        Decorator::Operation();
        AddedBehavior();    
    }
    void  AddedBehavior()
    {
        cout << "This is added behavior B." << endl;
    }
};

int main()
{
    Component *pComponentObj = new ConcreteComponent();
    Decorator *pDecoratorAOjb = new ConcreteDecoratorA(pComponentObj);
    Decorator *pDecoratorB1jb = new ConcreteDecoratorB(pDecoratorAOjb);
    pDecoratorB1jb->Operation();
    cout << "=============================================" << endl;
    Decorator *pDecoratorBOjb = new ConcreteDecoratorB(pComponentObj);
    pDecoratorBOjb->Operation();
    cout << "=============================================" << endl;
    Decorator *pDecoratorBAOjb = new ConcreteDecoratorB(pDecoratorAOjb);
    pDecoratorBAOjb->Operation();
    cout << "=============================================" << endl;

    delete pDecoratorBAOjb;
    pDecoratorBAOjb = NULL;
    delete pDecoratorBOjb;
    pDecoratorBOjb = NULL;
    delete pDecoratorB1jb;
    pDecoratorB1jb = NULL;
    delete pDecoratorAOjb;
    pDecoratorAOjb = NULL;
    delete pComponentObj;
    pComponentObj = NULL;

    getchar();
}