机器学习 7种常用简单的特征处理方法

对于特征处理中使用的sklearn类进行了归纳总结:
1.标准化: StandardScaler()
2.区间缩放法: MinMaxScaler()
3.归一化: Normalizer()
4.定量特征二值化: Binarizer()
5.定性特征哑编码: OneHotEncoder()
6.缺失值填充: SimpleImputer()
7.数据转换:
(1) 多项式转换: PolynomialFeatures()
(2) 对数变换: FunctionTransformer(log1p)
 
在这里插入图片描述
 
代码:

# 修改pandas默认的现实设置
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
from sklearn.preprocessing import StandardScaler
from sklearn.preprocessing import MinMaxScaler
from sklearn.preprocessing import Normalizer
from sklearn.preprocessing import Binarizer
from sklearn.preprocessing import OneHotEncoder
from numpy import vstack, array, nan
from sklearn.impute import SimpleImputer
from sklearn.preprocessing import PolynomialFeatures
from numpy import log1p
from sklearn.preprocessing import FunctionTransformer

from sklearn.datasets import load_iris

pd.set_option('display.max_columns', 10)
pd.set_option('display.max_rows', 20)

# 禁用科学计数法
np.set_printoptions(suppress=True,   precision=10,  threshold=2000,  linewidth=150)
pd.set_option('display.float_format', lambda x: '%.4f' % x)

iris = load_iris()
print(iris.data)

'''
归一化与标准化的使用场景:
    1.如果对输出结果范围有要求,则用归一化。
    2.如果数据较为稳定,不存在极端的最大值或最小值,则用归一化。
    3.如果数据存在异常值和较多噪声,则用标准化,这样可以通过中心化间接避免异常值和极端值的影响。
    4.支持向量机(Support Vector Machine, SVM),K近邻(K-Nearest Neighbor, KNN)、
    主成分分析(Principal Component Analysis, PCA)等模型都必须进行归一化或标准化操作。
'''
################################################################################################
# 1.标准化是依照特征矩阵的列处理数据,即通过求标准分数的方法,将特征转换为标准正态分布,并和整体样本分布相关。
# 每个样本点都能对标准化产生影响。
# 返回值为标准化后的数据
data_std = StandardScaler().fit_transform(iris.data)
print("标准化:\n", data_std)

################################################################################################
# 2.区间缩放法的思路有多种,常见的一种是利用两个最值(最大值和最小值)进行缩放
# 区间缩放,返回值为缩放到[0, 1]区间的数据
data_mm = MinMaxScaler().fit_transform(iris.data)
print("区间缩放法:\n", data_mm)

###############################################################################################
# 3.归一化是将样本的特征值转换到同一量纲下,把数据映射到[0,1]或者[a,b]区间内,由于其仅由变量的极值决定,因此区间缩放法是归一化的一种。
# 注意:归一区间会改变数据的原始距离、分布和信息,但标准化一般不会。
# 归一化,返回值为归一化后的数据
data_normal = Normalizer().fit_transform(iris.data)
print("归一化:\n", data_normal)

################################################################################################
# 4.定量特征二值化的核心在于设定一个阈值,大于阈值的赋值为1,小于等于阈值的赋值为0。
# 二值化,阈值设置为3,返回值为二值化后的数据
data_binary = Binarizer(threshold=3).fit_transform(iris.data)
print("定量特征二值化:\n", data_binary)

##############################################################################################
# 5.定性特征哑编码
# 引入哑变量的目的是把原本不能定量处理的变量进行量化,从而评估定性因素对因变量的影响。
# 例如,假设特征“职业”的取值分别为工人、农民、学生、企业职员、其他等5种选项,
# 那么我们可以将“工人”定义为(0,0,0,1)、“农民”定义为(0,0,1,0)、“学生”定义为(0,1,0,0)、“企业职员”定义为(1,0,0,0),“其他”是参考,为(0,0,0,0)。
# 哑编码,对IRIS数据集的目标值,返回值为哑编码后的数据
print("iris.target:\n", iris.target.reshape((-1, 1)))
data_oneHot = OneHotEncoder(categories='auto').fit_transform(iris.target.reshape((-1, 1)))
print("定性特征哑编码:\n", data_oneHot)

###############################################################################################
# 6.缺失值处理
# 当数据中存在缺失值时,用Pandas读取后特征均为NaN,表示数据缺失,即数据未知。
# 例如,在iris数据集中加入几个空值(NaN),然后使用impute库的SimpleImputer类对这个数据集进行缺失值计算。
# 缺失值计算,返回值为计算缺失值后的数据
# 参数missing_value为缺失值的表示形式,默认为NaN
# 参数strategy为缺失值填充方式,默认为mean(均值)
data_fill = SimpleImputer().fit_transform(vstack((array([nan, nan, nan, nan]),
                                      iris.data)))
print(vstack((array([nan, nan, nan, nan]), iris.data)))
print("缺失值处理:\n", data_fill)

##############################################################################################
# 7.数据转换
# 常见的数据转换有基于多项式、指数函数、对数函数的转换方式。

# (1)多项式转换—4个特征,度为2的多项式转换
# 多项式转换
# 参数degree为度,默认值为2
data_polynomial = PolynomialFeatures().fit_transform(iris.data)
print("多项式转换—4个特征,度为2的多项式转换:\n", data_polynomial.shape, "\n", data_polynomial)

# (2)对数变换
# 基于单变元函数的数据转换可以使用一个统一的方法完成。
# 例如,使用preprocessing库的FunctionTransformer类对iris数据集进行对数转换。
# 这里的FunctionTransformer类主要是对数据进行转换,转化函数由自己定义,这里用log1p:
# 返回一个数字加1后的自然对数 (底为 E), 即log(x + 1)
# 自定义转换函数为对数函数的数据变换
# 第一个参数是单变元函数

# validate: bool,默认=False
# 表示在调用前应检查输入的X数组
# -如果为False,则没有输入验证。
# -如果为真,则X将被转换为一个二维的NumPy数组或稀疏阵,如果转换不可能发生,则会出现异常
data_log1p = FunctionTransformer(log1p, validate=False).fit_transform(iris.data)
print("对数变换:\n", data_log1p)

 
输出结果:

[[5.1 3.5 1.4 0.2]
[4.9 3. 1.4 0.2]
[4.7 3.2 1.3 0.2]
[4.6 3.1 1.5 0.2]
[5. 3.6 1.4 0.2]
[5.4 3.9 1.7 0.4]
[4.6 3.4 1.4 0.3]
[5. 3.4 1.5 0.2]
[4.4 2.9 1.4 0.2]
[4.9 3.1 1.5 0.1]
[5.4 3.7 1.5 0.2]
[4.8 3.4 1.6 0.2]
[4.8 3. 1.4 0.1]
[4.3 3. 1.1 0.1]
[5.8 4. 1.2 0.2]
[5.7 4.4 1.5 0.4]
[5.4 3.9 1.3 0.4]
[5.1 3.5 1.4 0.3]
[5.7 3.8 1.7 0.3]
[5.1 3.8 1.5 0.3]
[5.4 3.4 1.7 0.2]
[5.1 3.7 1.5 0.4]
[4.6 3.6 1. 0.2]
[5.1 3.3 1.7 0.5]
[4.8 3.4 1.9 0.2]
[5. 3. 1.6 0.2]
[5. 3.4 1.6 0.4]
[5.2 3.5 1.5 0.2]
[5.2 3.4 1.4 0.2]
[4.7 3.2 1.6 0.2]
[4.8 3.1 1.6 0.2]
[5.4 3.4 1.5 0.4]
[5.2 4.1 1.5 0.1]
[5.5 4.2 1.4 0.2]
[4.9 3.1 1.5 0.2]
[5. 3.2 1.2 0.2]
[5.5 3.5 1.3 0.2]
[4.9 3.6 1.4 0.1]
[4.4 3. 1.3 0.2]
[5.1 3.4 1.5 0.2]
[5. 3.5 1.3 0.3]
[4.5 2.3 1.3 0.3]
[4.4 3.2 1.3 0.2]
[5. 3.5 1.6 0.6]
[5.1 3.8 1.9 0.4]
[4.8 3. 1.4 0.3]
[5.1 3.8 1.6 0.2]
[4.6 3.2 1.4 0.2]
[5.3 3.7 1.5 0.2]
[5. 3.3 1.4 0.2]
[7. 3.2 4.7 1.4]
[6.4 3.2 4.5 1.5]
[6.9 3.1 4.9 1.5]
[5.5 2.3 4. 1.3]
[6.5 2.8 4.6 1.5]
[5.7 2.8 4.5 1.3]
[6.3 3.3 4.7 1.6]
[4.9 2.4 3.3 1. ]
[6.6 2.9 4.6 1.3]
[5.2 2.7 3.9 1.4]
[5. 2. 3.5 1. ]
[5.9 3. 4.2 1.5]
[6. 2.2 4. 1. ]
[6.1 2.9 4.7 1.4]
[5.6 2.9 3.6 1.3]
[6.7 3.1 4.4 1.4]
[5.6 3. 4.5 1.5]
[5.8 2.7 4.1 1. ]
[6.2 2.2 4.5 1.5]
[5.6 2.5 3.9 1.1]
[5.9 3.2 4.8 1.8]
[6.1 2.8 4. 1.3]
[6.3 2.5 4.9 1.5]
[6.1 2.8 4.7 1.2]
[6.4 2.9 4.3 1.3]
[6.6 3. 4.4 1.4]
[6.8 2.8 4.8 1.4]
[6.7 3. 5. 1.7]
[6. 2.9 4.5 1.5]
[5.7 2.6 3.5 1. ]
[5.5 2.4 3.8 1.1]
[5.5 2.4 3.7 1. ]
[5.8 2.7 3.9 1.2]
[6. 2.7 5.1 1.6]
[5.4 3. 4.5 1.5]
[6. 3.4 4.5 1.6]
[6.7 3.1 4.7 1.5]
[6.3 2.3 4.4 1.3]
[5.6 3. 4.1 1.3]
[5.5 2.5 4. 1.3]
[5.5 2.6 4.4 1.2]
[6.1 3. 4.6 1.4]
[5.8 2.6 4. 1.2]
[5. 2.3 3.3 1. ]
[5.6 2.7 4.2 1.3]
[5.7 3. 4.2 1.2]
[5.7 2.9 4.2 1.3]
[6.2 2.9 4.3 1.3]
[5.1 2.5 3. 1.1]
[5.7 2.8 4.1 1.3]
[6.3 3.3 6. 2.5]
[5.8 2.7 5.1 1.9]
[7.1 3. 5.9 2.1]
[6.3 2.9 5.6 1.8]
[6.5 3. 5.8 2.2]
[7.6 3. 6.6 2.1]
[4.9 2.5 4.5 1.7]
[7.3 2.9 6.3 1.8]
[6.7 2.5 5.8 1.8]
[7.2 3.6 6.1 2.5]
[6.5 3.2 5.1 2. ]
[6.4 2.7 5.3 1.9]
[6.8 3. 5.5 2.1]
[5.7 2.5 5. 2. ]
[5.8 2.8 5.1 2.4]
[6.4 3.2 5.3 2.3]
[6.5 3. 5.5 1.8]
[7.7 3.8 6.7 2.2]
[7.7 2.6 6.9 2.3]
[6. 2.2 5. 1.5]
[6.9 3.2 5.7 2.3]
[5.6 2.8 4.9 2. ]
[7.7 2.8 6.7 2. ]
[6.3 2.7 4.9 1.8]
[6.7 3.3 5.7 2.1]
[7.2 3.2 6. 1.8]
[6.2 2.8 4.8 1.8]
[6.1 3. 4.9 1.8]
[6.4 2.8 5.6 2.1]
[7.2 3. 5.8 1.6]
[7.4 2.8 6.1 1.9]
[7.9 3.8 6.4 2. ]
[6.4 2.8 5.6 2.2]
[6.3 2.8 5.1 1.5]
[6.1 2.6 5.6 1.4]
[7.7 3. 6.1 2.3]
[6.3 3.4 5.6 2.4]
[6.4 3.1 5.5 1.8]
[6. 3. 4.8 1.8]
[6.9 3.1 5.4 2.1]
[6.7 3.1 5.6 2.4]
[6.9 3.1 5.1 2.3]
[5.8 2.7 5.1 1.9]
[6.8 3.2 5.9 2.3]
[6.7 3.3 5.7 2.5]
[6.7 3. 5.2 2.3]
[6.3 2.5 5. 1.9]
[6.5 3. 5.2 2. ]
[6.2 3.4 5.4 2.3]
[5.9 3. 5.1 1.8]]
标准化:
[[-0.9006811703 1.019004352 -1.3402265266 -1.315444295 ]
[-1.1430169112 -0.1319794793 -1.3402265266 -1.315444295 ]
[-1.3853526521 0.3284140532 -1.3970639535 -1.315444295 ]
[-1.5065205225 0.0982172869 -1.2833890997 -1.315444295 ]
[-1.0218490407 1.2492011182 -1.3402265266 -1.315444295 ]
[-0.537177559 1.939791417 -1.1697142459 -1.0521799264]
[-1.5065205225 0.7888075857 -1.3402265266 -1.1838121107]
[-1.0218490407 0.7888075857 -1.2833890997 -1.315444295 ]
[-1.7488562634 -0.3621762456 -1.3402265266 -1.315444295 ]
[-1.1430169112 0.0982172869 -1.2833890997 -1.4470764793]
[-0.537177559 1.4793978845 -1.2833890997 -1.315444295 ]
[-1.2641847816 0.7888075857 -1.2265516728 -1.315444295 ]
[-1.2641847816 -0.1319794793 -1.3402265266 -1.4470764793]
[-1.8700241338 -0.1319794793 -1.5107388074 -1.4470764793]
[-0.0525060772 2.1699881833 -1.4539013804 -1.315444295 ]
[-0.1736739476 3.0907752483 -1.2833890997 -1.0521799264]
[-0.537177559 1.939791417 -1.3970639535 -1.0521799264]
[-0.9006811703 1.019004352 -1.3402265266 -1.1838121107]
[-0.1736739476 1.7095946507 -1.1697142459 -1.1838121107]
[-0.9006811703 1.7095946507 -1.2833890997 -1.1838121107]
[-0.537177559 0.7888075857 -1.1697142459 -1.315444295 ]
[-0.9006811703 1.4793978845 -1.2833890997 -1.0521799264]
[-1.5065205225 1.2492011182 -1.5675762343 -1.315444295 ]
[-0.9006811703 0.5586108195 -1.1697142459 -0.9205477421]
[-1.2641847816 0.7888075857 -1.0560393921 -1.315444295 ]
[-1.0218490407 -0.1319794793 -1.2265516728 -1.315444295 ]
[-1.0218490407 0.7888075857 -1.2265516728 -1.0521799264]
[-0.7795132999 1.019004352 -1.2833890997 -1.315444295 ]
[-0.7795132999 0.7888075857 -1.3402265266 -1.315444295 ]
[-1.3853526521 0.3284140532 -1.2265516728 -1.315444295 ]
[-1.2641847816 0.0982172869 -1.2265516728 -1.315444295 ]
[-0.537177559 0.7888075857 -1.2833890997 -1.0521799264]
[-0.7795132999 2.4001849495 -1.2833890997 -1.4470764793]
[-0.4160096885 2.6303817158 -1.3402265266 -1.315444295 ]
[-1.1430169112 0.0982172869 -1.2833890997 -1.315444295 ]
[-1.0218490407 0.3284140532 -1.4539013804 -1.315444295 ]
[-0.4160096885 1.019004352 -1.3970639535 -1.315444295 ]
[-1.1430169112 1.2492011182 -1.3402265266 -1.4470764793]
[-1.7488562634 -0.1319794793 -1.3970639535 -1.315444295 ]
[-0.9006811703 0.7888075857 -1.2833890997 -1.315444295 ]
[-1.0218490407 1.019004352 -1.3970639535 -1.1838121107]
[-1.627688393 -1.7433568431 -1.3970639535 -1.1838121107]
[-1.7488562634 0.3284140532 -1.3970639535 -1.315444295 ]
[-1.0218490407 1.019004352 -1.2265516728 -0.7889155578]
[-0.9006811703 1.7095946507 -1.0560393921 -1.0521799264]
[-1.2641847816 -0.1319794793 -1.3402265266 -1.1838121107]
[-0.9006811703 1.7095946507 -1.2265516728 -1.315444295 ]
[-1.5065205225 0.3284140532 -1.3402265266 -1.315444295 ]
[-0.6583454294 1.4793978845 -1.2833890997 -1.315444295 ]
[-1.0218490407 0.5586108195 -1.3402265266 -1.315444295 ]
[ 1.4015083681 0.3284140532 0.5354085615 0.2641419165]
[ 0.6745011455 0.3284140532 0.4217337077 0.3957741008]
[ 1.2803404977 0.0982172869 0.6490834154 0.3957741008]
[-0.4160096885 -1.7433568431 0.1375465731 0.1325097322]
[ 0.7956690159 -0.5923730118 0.4785711346 0.3957741008]
[-0.1736739476 -0.5923730118 0.4217337077 0.1325097322]
[ 0.553333275 0.5586108195 0.5354085615 0.5274062851]
[-1.1430169112 -1.5131600769 -0.2603154153 -0.2623868207]
[ 0.9168368864 -0.3621762456 0.4785711346 0.1325097322]
[-0.7795132999 -0.8225697781 0.0807091462 0.2641419165]
[-1.0218490407 -2.4339471419 -0.1466405614 -0.2623868207]
[ 0.0686617933 -0.1319794793 0.251221427 0.3957741008]
[ 0.1898296637 -1.9735536094 0.1375465731 -0.2623868207]
[ 0.3109975341 -0.3621762456 0.5354085615 0.2641419165]
[-0.2948418181 -0.3621762456 -0.0898031345 0.1325097322]
[ 1.0380047568 0.0982172869 0.3648962808 0.2641419165]
[-0.2948418181 -0.1319794793 0.4217337077 0.3957741008]
[-0.0525060772 -0.8225697781 0.194384 -0.2623868207]
[ 0.4321654046 -1.9735536094 0.4217337077 0.3957741008]
[-0.2948418181 -1.2829633106 0.0807091462 -0.1307546364]
[ 0.0686617933 0.3284140532 0.5922459884 0.7906706536]
[ 0.3109975341 -0.5923730118 0.1375465731 0.1325097322]
[ 0.553333275 -1.2829633106 0.6490834154 0.3957741008]
[ 0.3109975341 -0.5923730118 0.5354085615 0.0008775479]
[ 0.6745011455 -0.3621762456 0.3080588539 0.1325097322]
[ 0.9168368864 -0.1319794793 0.3648962808 0.2641419165]
[ 1.1591726272 -0.5923730118 0.5922459884 0.2641419165]
[ 1.0380047568 -0.1319794793 0.7059208423 0.6590384693]
[ 0.1898296637 -0.3621762456 0.4217337077 0.3957741008]
[-0.1736739476 -1.0527665444 -0.1466405614 -0.2623868207]
[-0.4160096885 -1.5131600769 0.0238717193 -0.1307546364]
[-0.4160096885 -1.5131600769 -0.0329657076 -0.2623868207]
[-0.0525060772 -0.8225697781 0.0807091462 0.0008775479]
[ 0.1898296637 -0.8225697781 0.7627582692 0.5274062851]
[-0.537177559 -0.1319794793 0.4217337077 0.3957741008]
[ 0.1898296637 0.7888075857 0.4217337077 0.5274062851]
[ 1.0380047568 0.0982172869 0.5354085615 0.3957741008]
[ 0.553333275 -1.7433568431 0.3648962808 0.1325097322]
[-0.2948418181 -0.1319794793 0.194384 0.1325097322]
[-0.4160096885 -1.2829633106 0.1375465731 0.1325097322]
[-0.4160096885 -1.0527665444 0.3648962808 0.0008775479]
[ 0.3109975341 -0.1319794793 0.4785711346 0.2641419165]
[-0.0525060772 -1.0527665444 0.1375465731 0.0008775479]
[-1.0218490407 -1.7433568431 -0.2603154153 -0.2623868207]
[-0.2948418181 -0.8225697781 0.251221427 0.1325097322]
[-0.1736739476 -0.1319794793 0.251221427 0.0008775479]
[-0.1736739476 -0.3621762456 0.251221427 0.1325097322]
[ 0.4321654046 -0.3621762456 0.3080588539 0.1325097322]
[-0.9006811703 -1.2829633106 -0.430827696 -0.1307546364]
[-0.1736739476 -0.5923730118 0.194384 0.1325097322]
[ 0.553333275 0.5586108195 1.2742951114 1.7120959437]
[-0.0525060772 -0.8225697781 0.7627582692 0.9223028379]
[ 1.5226762386 -0.1319794793 1.2174576845 1.1855672065]
[ 0.553333275 -0.3621762456 1.0469454037 0.7906706536]
[ 0.7956690159 -0.1319794793 1.1606202576 1.3171993908]
[ 2.1285155908 -0.1319794793 1.6153196729 1.1855672065]
[-1.1430169112 -1.2829633106 0.4217337077 0.6590384693]
[ 1.7650119795 -0.3621762456 1.4448073921 0.7906706536]
[ 1.0380047568 -1.2829633106 1.1606202576 0.7906706536]
[ 1.643844109 1.2492011182 1.3311325383 1.7120959437]
[ 0.7956690159 0.3284140532 0.7627582692 1.0539350222]
[ 0.6745011455 -0.8225697781 0.876433123 0.9223028379]
[ 1.1591726272 -0.1319794793 0.9901079768 1.1855672065]
[-0.1736739476 -1.2829633106 0.7059208423 1.0539350222]
[-0.0525060772 -0.5923730118 0.7627582692 1.5804637594]
[ 0.6745011455 0.3284140532 0.876433123 1.4488315751]
[ 0.7956690159 -0.1319794793 0.9901079768 0.7906706536]
[ 2.2496834612 1.7095946507 1.6721570998 1.3171993908]
[ 2.2496834612 -1.0527665444 1.7858319536 1.4488315751]
[ 0.1898296637 -1.9735536094 0.7059208423 0.3957741008]
[ 1.2803404977 0.3284140532 1.1037828307 1.4488315751]
[-0.2948418181 -0.5923730118 0.6490834154 1.0539350222]
[ 2.2496834612 -0.5923730118 1.6721570998 1.0539350222]
[ 0.553333275 -0.8225697781 0.6490834154 0.7906706536]
[ 1.0380047568 0.5586108195 1.1037828307 1.1855672065]
[ 1.643844109 0.3284140532 1.2742951114 0.7906706536]
[ 0.4321654046 -0.5923730118 0.5922459884 0.7906706536]
[ 0.3109975341 -0.1319794793 0.6490834154 0.7906706536]
[ 0.6745011455 -0.5923730118 1.0469454037 1.1855672065]
[ 1.643844109 -0.1319794793 1.1606202576 0.5274062851]
[ 1.8861798499 -0.5923730118 1.3311325383 0.9223028379]
[ 2.4920192021 1.7095946507 1.5016448191 1.0539350222]
[ 0.6745011455 -0.5923730118 1.0469454037 1.3171993908]
[ 0.553333275 -0.5923730118 0.7627582692 0.3957741008]
[ 0.3109975341 -1.0527665444 1.0469454037 0.2641419165]
[ 2.2496834612 -0.1319794793 1.3311325383 1.4488315751]
[ 0.553333275 0.7888075857 1.0469454037 1.5804637594]
[ 0.6745011455 0.0982172869 0.9901079768 0.7906706536]
[ 0.1898296637 -0.1319794793 0.5922459884 0.7906706536]
[ 1.2803404977 0.0982172869 0.9332705499 1.1855672065]
[ 1.0380047568 0.0982172869 1.0469454037 1.5804637594]
[ 1.2803404977 0.0982172869 0.7627582692 1.4488315751]
[-0.0525060772 -0.8225697781 0.7627582692 0.9223028379]
[ 1.1591726272 0.3284140532 1.2174576845 1.4488315751]
[ 1.0380047568 0.5586108195 1.1037828307 1.7120959437]
[ 1.0380047568 -0.1319794793 0.8195956961 1.4488315751]
[ 0.553333275 -1.2829633106 0.7059208423 0.9223028379]
[ 0.7956690159 -0.1319794793 0.8195956961 1.0539350222]
[ 0.4321654046 0.7888075857 0.9332705499 1.4488315751]
[ 0.0686617933 -0.1319794793 0.7627582692 0.7906706536]]
区间缩放法:
[[0.2222222222 0.625 0.0677966102 0.0416666667]
[0.1666666667 0.4166666667 0.0677966102 0.0416666667]
[0.1111111111 0.5 0.0508474576 0.0416666667]
[0.0833333333 0.4583333333 0.0847457627 0.0416666667]
[0.1944444444 0.6666666667 0.0677966102 0.0416666667]
[0.3055555556 0.7916666667 0.1186440678 0.125 ]
[0.0833333333 0.5833333333 0.0677966102 0.0833333333]
[0.1944444444 0.5833333333 0.0847457627 0.0416666667]
[0.0277777778 0.375 0.0677966102 0.0416666667]
[0.1666666667 0.4583333333 0.0847457627 0. ]
[0.3055555556 0.7083333333 0.0847457627 0.0416666667]
[0.1388888889 0.5833333333 0.1016949153 0.0416666667]
[0.1388888889 0.4166666667 0.0677966102 0. ]
[0. 0.4166666667 0.0169491525 0. ]
[0.4166666667 0.8333333333 0.0338983051 0.0416666667]
[0.3888888889 1. 0.0847457627 0.125 ]
[0.3055555556 0.7916666667 0.0508474576 0.125 ]
[0.2222222222 0.625 0.0677966102 0.0833333333]
[0.3888888889 0.75 0.1186440678 0.0833333333]
[0.2222222222 0.75 0.0847457627 0.0833333333]
[0.3055555556 0.5833333333 0.1186440678 0.0416666667]
[0.2222222222 0.7083333333 0.0847457627 0.125 ]
[0.0833333333 0.6666666667 0. 0.0416666667]
[0.2222222222 0.5416666667 0.1186440678 0.1666666667]
[0.1388888889 0.5833333333 0.1525423729 0.0416666667]
[0.1944444444 0.4166666667 0.1016949153 0.0416666667]
[0.1944444444 0.5833333333 0.1016949153 0.125 ]
[0.25 0.625 0.0847457627 0.0416666667]
[0.25 0.5833333333 0.0677966102 0.0416666667]
[0.1111111111 0.5 0.1016949153 0.0416666667]
[0.1388888889 0.4583333333 0.1016949153 0.0416666667]
[0.3055555556 0.5833333333 0.0847457627 0.125 ]
[0.25 0.875 0.0847457627 0. ]
[0.3333333333 0.9166666667 0.0677966102 0.0416666667]
[0.1666666667 0.4583333333 0.0847457627 0.0416666667]
[0.1944444444 0.5 0.0338983051 0.0416666667]
[0.3333333333 0.625 0.0508474576 0.0416666667]
[0.1666666667 0.6666666667 0.0677966102 0. ]
[0.0277777778 0.4166666667 0.0508474576 0.0416666667]
[0.2222222222 0.5833333333 0.0847457627 0.0416666667]
[0.1944444444 0.625 0.0508474576 0.0833333333]
[0.0555555556 0.125 0.0508474576 0.0833333333]
[0.0277777778 0.5 0.0508474576 0.0416666667]
[0.1944444444 0.625 0.1016949153 0.2083333333]
[0.2222222222 0.75 0.1525423729 0.125 ]
[0.1388888889 0.4166666667 0.0677966102 0.0833333333]
[0.2222222222 0.75 0.1016949153 0.0416666667]
[0.0833333333 0.5 0.0677966102 0.0416666667]
[0.2777777778 0.7083333333 0.0847457627 0.0416666667]
[0.1944444444 0.5416666667 0.0677966102 0.0416666667]
[0.75 0.5 0.6271186441 0.5416666667]
[0.5833333333 0.5 0.593220339 0.5833333333]
[0.7222222222 0.4583333333 0.6610169492 0.5833333333]
[0.3333333333 0.125 0.5084745763 0.5 ]
[0.6111111111 0.3333333333 0.6101694915 0.5833333333]
[0.3888888889 0.3333333333 0.593220339 0.5 ]
[0.5555555556 0.5416666667 0.6271186441 0.625 ]
[0.1666666667 0.1666666667 0.3898305085 0.375 ]
[0.6388888889 0.375 0.6101694915 0.5 ]
[0.25 0.2916666667 0.4915254237 0.5416666667]
[0.1944444444 0. 0.4237288136 0.375 ]
[0.4444444444 0.4166666667 0.5423728814 0.5833333333]
[0.4722222222 0.0833333333 0.5084745763 0.375 ]
[0.5 0.375 0.6271186441 0.5416666667]
[0.3611111111 0.375 0.4406779661 0.5 ]
[0.6666666667 0.4583333333 0.5762711864 0.5416666667]
[0.3611111111 0.4166666667 0.593220339 0.5833333333]
[0.4166666667 0.2916666667 0.5254237288 0.375 ]
[0.5277777778 0.0833333333 0.593220339 0.5833333333]
[0.3611111111 0.2083333333 0.4915254237 0.4166666667]
[0.4444444444 0.5 0.6440677966 0.7083333333]
[0.5 0.3333333333 0.5084745763 0.5 ]
[0.5555555556 0.2083333333 0.6610169492 0.5833333333]
[0.5 0.3333333333 0.6271186441 0.4583333333]
[0.5833333333 0.375 0.5593220339 0.5 ]
[0.6388888889 0.4166666667 0.5762711864 0.5416666667]
[0.6944444444 0.3333333333 0.6440677966 0.5416666667]
[0.6666666667 0.4166666667 0.6779661017 0.6666666667]
[0.4722222222 0.375 0.593220339 0.5833333333]
[0.3888888889 0.25 0.4237288136 0.375 ]
[0.3333333333 0.1666666667 0.4745762712 0.4166666667]
[0.3333333333 0.1666666667 0.4576271186 0.375 ]
[0.4166666667 0.2916666667 0.4915254237 0.4583333333]
[0.4722222222 0.2916666667 0.6949152542 0.625 ]
[0.3055555556 0.4166666667 0.593220339 0.5833333333]
[0.4722222222 0.5833333333 0.593220339 0.625 ]
[0.6666666667 0.4583333333 0.6271186441 0.5833333333]
[0.5555555556 0.125 0.5762711864 0.5 ]
[0.3611111111 0.4166666667 0.5254237288 0.5 ]
[0.3333333333 0.2083333333 0.5084745763 0.5 ]
[0.3333333333 0.25 0.5762711864 0.4583333333]
[0.5 0.4166666667 0.6101694915 0.5416666667]
[0.4166666667 0.25 0.5084745763 0.4583333333]
[0.1944444444 0.125 0.3898305085 0.375 ]
[0.3611111111 0.2916666667 0.5423728814 0.5 ]
[0.3888888889 0.4166666667 0.5423728814 0.4583333333]
[0.3888888889 0.375 0.5423728814 0.5 ]
[0.5277777778 0.375 0.5593220339 0.5 ]
[0.2222222222 0.2083333333 0.3389830508 0.4166666667]
[0.3888888889 0.3333333333 0.5254237288 0.5 ]
[0.5555555556 0.5416666667 0.8474576271 1. ]
[0.4166666667 0.2916666667 0.6949152542 0.75 ]
[0.7777777778 0.4166666667 0.8305084746 0.8333333333]
[0.5555555556 0.375 0.7796610169 0.7083333333]
[0.6111111111 0.4166666667 0.813559322 0.875 ]
[0.9166666667 0.4166666667 0.9491525424 0.8333333333]
[0.1666666667 0.2083333333 0.593220339 0.6666666667]
[0.8333333333 0.375 0.8983050847 0.7083333333]
[0.6666666667 0.2083333333 0.813559322 0.7083333333]
[0.8055555556 0.6666666667 0.8644067797 1. ]
[0.6111111111 0.5 0.6949152542 0.7916666667]
[0.5833333333 0.2916666667 0.7288135593 0.75 ]
[0.6944444444 0.4166666667 0.7627118644 0.8333333333]
[0.3888888889 0.2083333333 0.6779661017 0.7916666667]
[0.4166666667 0.3333333333 0.6949152542 0.9583333333]
[0.5833333333 0.5 0.7288135593 0.9166666667]
[0.6111111111 0.4166666667 0.7627118644 0.7083333333]
[0.9444444444 0.75 0.9661016949 0.875 ]
[0.9444444444 0.25 1. 0.9166666667]
[0.4722222222 0.0833333333 0.6779661017 0.5833333333]
[0.7222222222 0.5 0.7966101695 0.9166666667]
[0.3611111111 0.3333333333 0.6610169492 0.7916666667]
[0.9444444444 0.3333333333 0.9661016949 0.7916666667]
[0.5555555556 0.2916666667 0.6610169492 0.7083333333]
[0.6666666667 0.5416666667 0.7966101695 0.8333333333]
[0.8055555556 0.5 0.8474576271 0.7083333333]
[0.5277777778 0.3333333333 0.6440677966 0.7083333333]
[0.5 0.4166666667 0.6610169492 0.7083333333]
[0.5833333333 0.3333333333 0.7796610169 0.8333333333]
[0.8055555556 0.4166666667 0.813559322 0.625 ]
[0.8611111111 0.3333333333 0.8644067797 0.75 ]
[1. 0.75 0.9152542373 0.7916666667]
[0.5833333333 0.3333333333 0.7796610169 0.875 ]
[0.5555555556 0.3333333333 0.6949152542 0.5833333333]
[0.5 0.25 0.7796610169 0.5416666667]
[0.9444444444 0.4166666667 0.8644067797 0.9166666667]
[0.5555555556 0.5833333333 0.7796610169 0.9583333333]
[0.5833333333 0.4583333333 0.7627118644 0.7083333333]
[0.4722222222 0.4166666667 0.6440677966 0.7083333333]
[0.7222222222 0.4583333333 0.7457627119 0.8333333333]
[0.6666666667 0.4583333333 0.7796610169 0.9583333333]
[0.7222222222 0.4583333333 0.6949152542 0.9166666667]
[0.4166666667 0.2916666667 0.6949152542 0.75 ]
[0.6944444444 0.5 0.8305084746 0.9166666667]
[0.6666666667 0.5416666667 0.7966101695 1. ]
[0.6666666667 0.4166666667 0.7118644068 0.9166666667]
[0.5555555556 0.2083333333 0.6779661017 0.75 ]
[0.6111111111 0.4166666667 0.7118644068 0.7916666667]
[0.5277777778 0.5833333333 0.7457627119 0.9166666667]
[0.4444444444 0.4166666667 0.6949152542 0.7083333333]]
归一化:
[[0.803772773 0.5516087658 0.2206435063 0.0315205009]
[0.8281328734 0.5070201266 0.2366093924 0.0338013418]
[0.8053330754 0.5483118811 0.2227517017 0.0342694926]
[0.8000302475 0.5391508189 0.2608794285 0.0347839238]
[0.7909649965 0.5694947975 0.221470199 0.0316385999]
[0.7841749863 0.5663486012 0.2468699031 0.058087036 ]
[0.7801093557 0.5766025673 0.2374245865 0.0508766971]
[0.8021849185 0.5454857446 0.2406554756 0.0320873967]
[0.8064236562 0.5315065006 0.2565893451 0.0366556207]
[0.81803119 0.5175299366 0.2504177112 0.0166945141]
[0.8037351881 0.5507074437 0.2232597745 0.0297679699]
[0.7869910029 0.5574519604 0.2623303343 0.0327912918]
[0.8230721776 0.514420111 0.2400627185 0.017147337 ]
[0.802512599 0.559892511 0.2052939207 0.0186630837]
[0.8112086464 0.5594542389 0.1678362717 0.0279727119]
[0.7738111103 0.5973278746 0.2036345027 0.0543025341]
[0.794289441 0.5736534852 0.1912178284 0.0588362549]
[0.8032741237 0.5512665555 0.2205066222 0.047251419 ]
[0.806828203 0.5378854687 0.2406329728 0.0424646423]
[0.7796488324 0.5809148163 0.2293084801 0.045861696 ]
[0.8173378965 0.5146201571 0.2573100785 0.0302717739]
[0.7859185787 0.5701762238 0.2311525231 0.0616406728]
[0.775770746 0.6071249316 0.1686458143 0.0337291629]
[0.8059779151 0.5215151215 0.268659305 0.0790174427]
[0.7761140001 0.5497474167 0.3072117917 0.0323380833]
[0.8264745061 0.4958847037 0.264471842 0.0330589802]
[0.7977820578 0.5424917993 0.2552902585 0.0638225646]
[0.806419649 0.5427824561 0.2326210526 0.0310161403]
[0.8160942667 0.5336000975 0.2197176872 0.031388241 ]
[0.7952406381 0.5414404345 0.2707202172 0.0338400272]
[0.8084658442 0.5221341911 0.2694886147 0.0336860768]
[0.8222502813 0.5177131401 0.2284028559 0.0609074282]
[0.7657831085 0.6037905278 0.2208989736 0.0147265982]
[0.7786744728 0.5946241429 0.1982080476 0.0283154354]
[0.8176894181 0.5173137135 0.2503130872 0.0333750783]
[0.8251229525 0.5280786896 0.1980295086 0.0330049181]
[0.826997544 0.5262711644 0.1954721468 0.030072638 ]
[0.7852322109 0.5769052978 0.2243520603 0.0160251472]
[0.8021241325 0.5469028176 0.236991221 0.0364601878]
[0.8077956849 0.5385304566 0.2375869661 0.0316782622]
[0.8003330078 0.5602331055 0.208086582 0.0480199805]
[0.8609385733 0.4400352708 0.2487155878 0.0573959049]
[0.7860903755 0.5717020913 0.2322539746 0.0357313807]
[0.788894791 0.5522263537 0.2524463331 0.0946673749]
[0.766938972 0.5714447242 0.2857223621 0.0601520762]
[0.8221058465 0.5138161541 0.2397808719 0.0513816154]
[0.7772909267 0.5791579454 0.243855977 0.0304819971]
[0.7959478212 0.5537028322 0.2422449891 0.034606427 ]
[0.7983702483 0.5573528148 0.2259538439 0.0301271792]
[0.8122836314 0.5361071967 0.2274394168 0.0324913453]
[0.7670110293 0.3506336134 0.5149931197 0.1534022059]
[0.7454975664 0.3727487832 0.5241779763 0.1747259921]
[0.7551928518 0.3392895421 0.536296373 0.1641723591]
[0.753849162 0.3152460132 0.548253936 0.1781825292]
[0.7581753966 0.3265986324 0.536554896 0.1749635531]
[0.722329618 0.3548285843 0.5702602248 0.1647418427]
[0.7263484574 0.3804682396 0.5418790079 0.1844694495]
[0.7591654715 0.3718361493 0.5112747053 0.1549317289]
[0.7630185276 0.3352657167 0.531800792 0.1502915282]
[0.7246023349 0.3762358277 0.5434517511 0.195085244 ]
[0.7692307692 0.3076923077 0.5384615385 0.1538461538]
[0.7392346163 0.3758820083 0.5262348116 0.1879410041]
[0.7889275246 0.2892734257 0.525951683 0.1314879208]
[0.73081412 0.347436221 0.5630862892 0.1677278308]
[0.7591170716 0.3931141978 0.4880038317 0.1762236059]
[0.7694544447 0.3560162356 0.5053133667 0.1607815258]
[0.7063189182 0.3783851348 0.5675777022 0.1891925674]
[0.756764973 0.3522871426 0.5349545499 0.1304767195]
[0.7644423782 0.2712537471 0.55483721 0.1849457367]
[0.7618518794 0.3401124462 0.530575416 0.1496494763]
[0.6985796007 0.3788906309 0.5683359464 0.2131259799]
[0.7701185383 0.353497034 0.5049957628 0.1641236229]
[0.7414330662 0.2942194707 0.5766701626 0.1765316824]
[0.7365989486 0.3381109928 0.5675434522 0.1449047112]
[0.7674169846 0.3477358211 0.5156082865 0.155881575 ]
[0.7678572553 0.3490260251 0.5119048369 0.1628788117]
[0.7646726946 0.3148652272 0.5397689609 0.1574326136]
[0.7408857634 0.331739894 0.5528998234 0.18798594 ]
[0.7335094873 0.3545295855 0.5501321155 0.1833773718]
[0.7866747377 0.3588340909 0.4830458915 0.1380131119]
[0.7652185485 0.3339135485 0.5286964517 0.1530437097]
[0.7724292478 0.3370600354 0.5196342212 0.1404416814]
[0.7643498123 0.3558180161 0.5139593566 0.1581413405]
[0.7077952503 0.3185078626 0.6016259627 0.1887454001]
[0.6933340942 0.3851856079 0.5777784118 0.1925928039]
[0.7152493551 0.4053079679 0.5364370163 0.1907331613]
[0.7545734059 0.3491309788 0.5293276131 0.1689343446]
[0.7753002086 0.2830461079 0.5414795108 0.1599825827]
[0.7299244279 0.3910309435 0.5344089561 0.1694467422]
[0.747141937 0.3396099714 0.5433759542 0.1765971851]
[0.7233711848 0.3419572873 0.5786969478 0.1578264403]
[0.7326039145 0.3602970072 0.552455411 0.1681386033]
[0.7626299404 0.341868594 0.525951683 0.1577855049]
[0.7698687947 0.3541396456 0.5081134045 0.1539737589]
[0.7354428354 0.3545885099 0.5515821266 0.1707278011]
[0.7323961773 0.3854716722 0.5396603411 0.1541886689]
[0.7344604664 0.3736728689 0.5411813963 0.1675085274]
[0.7572810335 0.3542120963 0.5252110393 0.1587847328]
[0.7825805423 0.3836179129 0.4603414955 0.1687918817]
[0.7431482022 0.3650552572 0.534545198 0.1694899408]
[0.653877471 0.3425072467 0.6227404486 0.2594751869]
[0.690525124 0.3214513508 0.6071858849 0.2262065061]
[0.7149140499 0.3020763591 0.5940835063 0.2114534514]
[0.6927679616 0.3188931887 0.6157937436 0.1979337033]
[0.6861902182 0.3167031776 0.61229281 0.2322489969]
[0.7095370786 0.2800804257 0.6161769366 0.196056298 ]
[0.6705411756 0.3421128447 0.6158031204 0.2326367344]
[0.7136655737 0.2835109813 0.6159031663 0.1759723332]
[0.714141252 0.2664706164 0.6182118301 0.1918588438]
[0.6919878754 0.3459939377 0.5862675055 0.2402735678]
[0.7156264473 0.3523084048 0.5614915202 0.220192753 ]
[0.7157654645 0.3019635553 0.5927432753 0.2124928723]
[0.7171814812 0.3164035946 0.5800732569 0.2214825163]
[0.6925517954 0.3037507875 0.6075015749 0.24300063 ]
[0.6776792359 0.3271554932 0.5958903626 0.2804189942]
[0.6958988737 0.3479494368 0.5762912548 0.2500886577]
[0.7061047399 0.3258944953 0.5974732415 0.1955366972]
[0.6929909912 0.3419955541 0.6029921612 0.1979974261]
[0.7060061789 0.2383916968 0.6326548876 0.2108849625]
[0.727125848 0.2666128109 0.6059382067 0.181781462 ]
[0.7055893432 0.3272298403 0.5828781531 0.2351964477]
[0.6830792286 0.3415396143 0.597694325 0.2439568674]
[0.7148654283 0.2599510648 0.6220257623 0.185679332 ]
[0.7312246431 0.3133819899 0.568730278 0.2089213266]
[0.6959560109 0.3427843039 0.5920819794 0.2181354661]
[0.7152945332 0.3179086814 0.5960787777 0.1788236333]
[0.7278519544 0.3287073342 0.5634982873 0.2113118577]
[0.7117121386 0.3500223633 0.5717031933 0.210013418 ]
[0.6959400158 0.3044737569 0.6089475138 0.2283553177]
[0.7308985537 0.304541064 0.5887793905 0.1624219008]
[0.7276615933 0.2753314137 0.5998291512 0.1868320307]
[0.7157899884 0.344304045 0.5798804969 0.1812126553]
[0.694177465 0.3037026409 0.6074052819 0.2386235036]
[0.7236600468 0.3216266875 0.5858200379 0.1723000111]
[0.6938541359 0.2957411071 0.6369808461 0.1592452115]
[0.7315439854 0.2850171372 0.5795348456 0.2185131385]
[0.6701748441 0.3616816619 0.5957109725 0.2553047025]
[0.6980479904 0.3381169954 0.5998849918 0.1963259973]
[0.7106690545 0.3553345273 0.5685352436 0.2132007164]
[0.7241525806 0.325343913 0.5667281066 0.2203942637]
[0.6999703739 0.3238668894 0.5850498648 0.2507356563]
[0.7333788618 0.3294890538 0.542062637 0.2444596206]
[0.690525124 0.3214513508 0.6071858849 0.2262065061]
[0.691935021 0.3256164805 0.6003553859 0.2340368453]
[0.6891487079 0.3394314531 0.5862906918 0.2571450403]
[0.7215572479 0.3230853349 0.5600145805 0.2476987567]
[0.7296535933 0.2895450767 0.5790901534 0.2200542583]
[0.7165389871 0.3307103017 0.5732311897 0.2204735345]
[0.6746707199 0.3699807173 0.5876164334 0.2502810735]
[0.6902591586 0.3509792332 0.5966646964 0.2105875399]]
定量特征二值化:
[[1. 1. 0. 0.]
[1. 0. 0. 0.]
[1. 1. 0. 0.]
[1. 1. 0. 0.]
[1. 1. 0. 0.]
[1. 1. 0. 0.]
[1. 1. 0. 0.]
[1. 1. 0. 0.]
[1. 0. 0. 0.]
[1. 1. 0. 0.]
[1. 1. 0. 0.]
[1. 1. 0. 0.]
[1. 0. 0. 0.]
[1. 0. 0. 0.]
[1. 1. 0. 0.]
[1. 1. 0. 0.]
[1. 1. 0. 0.]
[1. 1. 0. 0.]
[1. 1. 0. 0.]
[1. 1. 0. 0.]
[1. 1. 0. 0.]
[1. 1. 0. 0.]
[1. 1. 0. 0.]
[1. 1. 0. 0.]
[1. 1. 0. 0.]
[1. 0. 0. 0.]
[1. 1. 0. 0.]
[1. 1. 0. 0.]
[1. 1. 0. 0.]
[1. 1. 0. 0.]
[1. 1. 0. 0.]
[1. 1. 0. 0.]
[1. 1. 0. 0.]
[1. 1. 0. 0.]
[1. 1. 0. 0.]
[1. 1. 0. 0.]
[1. 1. 0. 0.]
[1. 1. 0. 0.]
[1. 0. 0. 0.]
[1. 1. 0. 0.]
[1. 1. 0. 0.]
[1. 0. 0. 0.]
[1. 1. 0. 0.]
[1. 1. 0. 0.]
[1. 1. 0. 0.]
[1. 0. 0. 0.]
[1. 1. 0. 0.]
[1. 1. 0. 0.]
[1. 1. 0. 0.]
[1. 1. 0. 0.]
[1. 1. 1. 0.]
[1. 1. 1. 0.]
[1. 1. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 1. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 1. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 1. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 1. 1. 0.]
[1. 1. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 0. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 1. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 1. 1. 0.]
[1. 1. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 1. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 1. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 1. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 1. 1. 0.]
[1. 1. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 1. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 1. 1. 0.]
[1. 1. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 1. 1. 0.]
[1. 1. 1. 0.]
[1. 1. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 1. 1. 0.]
[1. 1. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
[1. 1. 1. 0.]
[1. 0. 1. 0.]]
iris.target:
[[0]
[0]
[0]
[0]
[0]
[0]
[0]
[0]
[0]
[0]
[0]
[0]
[0]
[0]
[0]
[0]
[0]
[0]
[0]
[0]
[0]
[0]
[0]
[0]
[0]
[0]
[0]
[0]
[0]
[0]
[0]
[0]
[0]
[0]
[0]
[0]
[0]
[0]
[0]
[0]
[0]
[0]
[0]
[0]
[0]
[0]
[0]
[0]
[0]
[0]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]]
定性特征哑编码:
(0, 0) 1.0
(1, 0) 1.0
(2, 0) 1.0
(3, 0) 1.0
(4, 0) 1.0
(5, 0) 1.0
(6, 0) 1.0
(7, 0) 1.0
(8, 0) 1.0
(9, 0) 1.0
(10, 0) 1.0
(11, 0) 1.0
(12, 0) 1.0
(13, 0) 1.0
(14, 0) 1.0
(15, 0) 1.0
(16, 0) 1.0
(17, 0) 1.0
(18, 0) 1.0
(19, 0) 1.0
(20, 0) 1.0
(21, 0) 1.0
(22, 0) 1.0
(23, 0) 1.0
(24, 0) 1.0
: :
(125, 2) 1.0
(126, 2) 1.0
(127, 2) 1.0
(128, 2) 1.0
(129, 2) 1.0
(130, 2) 1.0
(131, 2) 1.0
(132, 2) 1.0
(133, 2) 1.0
(134, 2) 1.0
(135, 2) 1.0
(136, 2) 1.0
(137, 2) 1.0
(138, 2) 1.0
(139, 2) 1.0
(140, 2) 1.0
(141, 2) 1.0
(142, 2) 1.0
(143, 2) 1.0
(144, 2) 1.0
(145, 2) 1.0
(146, 2) 1.0
(147, 2) 1.0
(148, 2) 1.0
(149, 2) 1.0
[[nan nan nan nan]
[5.1 3.5 1.4 0.2]
[4.9 3. 1.4 0.2]
[4.7 3.2 1.3 0.2]
[4.6 3.1 1.5 0.2]
[5. 3.6 1.4 0.2]
[5.4 3.9 1.7 0.4]
[4.6 3.4 1.4 0.3]
[5. 3.4 1.5 0.2]
[4.4 2.9 1.4 0.2]
[4.9 3.1 1.5 0.1]
[5.4 3.7 1.5 0.2]
[4.8 3.4 1.6 0.2]
[4.8 3. 1.4 0.1]
[4.3 3. 1.1 0.1]
[5.8 4. 1.2 0.2]
[5.7 4.4 1.5 0.4]
[5.4 3.9 1.3 0.4]
[5.1 3.5 1.4 0.3]
[5.7 3.8 1.7 0.3]
[5.1 3.8 1.5 0.3]
[5.4 3.4 1.7 0.2]
[5.1 3.7 1.5 0.4]
[4.6 3.6 1. 0.2]
[5.1 3.3 1.7 0.5]
[4.8 3.4 1.9 0.2]
[5. 3. 1.6 0.2]
[5. 3.4 1.6 0.4]
[5.2 3.5 1.5 0.2]
[5.2 3.4 1.4 0.2]
[4.7 3.2 1.6 0.2]
[4.8 3.1 1.6 0.2]
[5.4 3.4 1.5 0.4]
[5.2 4.1 1.5 0.1]
[5.5 4.2 1.4 0.2]
[4.9 3.1 1.5 0.2]
[5. 3.2 1.2 0.2]
[5.5 3.5 1.3 0.2]
[4.9 3.6 1.4 0.1]
[4.4 3. 1.3 0.2]
[5.1 3.4 1.5 0.2]
[5. 3.5 1.3 0.3]
[4.5 2.3 1.3 0.3]
[4.4 3.2 1.3 0.2]
[5. 3.5 1.6 0.6]
[5.1 3.8 1.9 0.4]
[4.8 3. 1.4 0.3]
[5.1 3.8 1.6 0.2]
[4.6 3.2 1.4 0.2]
[5.3 3.7 1.5 0.2]
[5. 3.3 1.4 0.2]
[7. 3.2 4.7 1.4]
[6.4 3.2 4.5 1.5]
[6.9 3.1 4.9 1.5]
[5.5 2.3 4. 1.3]
[6.5 2.8 4.6 1.5]
[5.7 2.8 4.5 1.3]
[6.3 3.3 4.7 1.6]
[4.9 2.4 3.3 1. ]
[6.6 2.9 4.6 1.3]
[5.2 2.7 3.9 1.4]
[5. 2. 3.5 1. ]
[5.9 3. 4.2 1.5]
[6. 2.2 4. 1. ]
[6.1 2.9 4.7 1.4]
[5.6 2.9 3.6 1.3]
[6.7 3.1 4.4 1.4]
[5.6 3. 4.5 1.5]
[5.8 2.7 4.1 1. ]
[6.2 2.2 4.5 1.5]
[5.6 2.5 3.9 1.1]
[5.9 3.2 4.8 1.8]
[6.1 2.8 4. 1.3]
[6.3 2.5 4.9 1.5]
[6.1 2.8 4.7 1.2]
[6.4 2.9 4.3 1.3]
[6.6 3. 4.4 1.4]
[6.8 2.8 4.8 1.4]
[6.7 3. 5. 1.7]
[6. 2.9 4.5 1.5]
[5.7 2.6 3.5 1. ]
[5.5 2.4 3.8 1.1]
[5.5 2.4 3.7 1. ]
[5.8 2.7 3.9 1.2]
[6. 2.7 5.1 1.6]
[5.4 3. 4.5 1.5]
[6. 3.4 4.5 1.6]
[6.7 3.1 4.7 1.5]
[6.3 2.3 4.4 1.3]
[5.6 3. 4.1 1.3]
[5.5 2.5 4. 1.3]
[5.5 2.6 4.4 1.2]
[6.1 3. 4.6 1.4]
[5.8 2.6 4. 1.2]
[5. 2.3 3.3 1. ]
[5.6 2.7 4.2 1.3]
[5.7 3. 4.2 1.2]
[5.7 2.9 4.2 1.3]
[6.2 2.9 4.3 1.3]
[5.1 2.5 3. 1.1]
[5.7 2.8 4.1 1.3]
[6.3 3.3 6. 2.5]
[5.8 2.7 5.1 1.9]
[7.1 3. 5.9 2.1]
[6.3 2.9 5.6 1.8]
[6.5 3. 5.8 2.2]
[7.6 3. 6.6 2.1]
[4.9 2.5 4.5 1.7]
[7.3 2.9 6.3 1.8]
[6.7 2.5 5.8 1.8]
[7.2 3.6 6.1 2.5]
[6.5 3.2 5.1 2. ]
[6.4 2.7 5.3 1.9]
[6.8 3. 5.5 2.1]
[5.7 2.5 5. 2. ]
[5.8 2.8 5.1 2.4]
[6.4 3.2 5.3 2.3]
[6.5 3. 5.5 1.8]
[7.7 3.8 6.7 2.2]
[7.7 2.6 6.9 2.3]
[6. 2.2 5. 1.5]
[6.9 3.2 5.7 2.3]
[5.6 2.8 4.9 2. ]
[7.7 2.8 6.7 2. ]
[6.3 2.7 4.9 1.8]
[6.7 3.3 5.7 2.1]
[7.2 3.2 6. 1.8]
[6.2 2.8 4.8 1.8]
[6.1 3. 4.9 1.8]
[6.4 2.8 5.6 2.1]
[7.2 3. 5.8 1.6]
[7.4 2.8 6.1 1.9]
[7.9 3.8 6.4 2. ]
[6.4 2.8 5.6 2.2]
[6.3 2.8 5.1 1.5]
[6.1 2.6 5.6 1.4]
[7.7 3. 6.1 2.3]
[6.3 3.4 5.6 2.4]
[6.4 3.1 5.5 1.8]
[6. 3. 4.8 1.8]
[6.9 3.1 5.4 2.1]
[6.7 3.1 5.6 2.4]
[6.9 3.1 5.1 2.3]
[5.8 2.7 5.1 1.9]
[6.8 3.2 5.9 2.3]
[6.7 3.3 5.7 2.5]
[6.7 3. 5.2 2.3]
[6.3 2.5 5. 1.9]
[6.5 3. 5.2 2. ]
[6.2 3.4 5.4 2.3]
[5.9 3. 5.1 1.8]]
缺失值处理:
[[5.8433333333 3.0573333333 3.758 1.1993333333]
[5.1 3.5 1.4 0.2 ]
[4.9 3. 1.4 0.2 ]
[4.7 3.2 1.3 0.2 ]
[4.6 3.1 1.5 0.2 ]
[5. 3.6 1.4 0.2 ]
[5.4 3.9 1.7 0.4 ]
[4.6 3.4 1.4 0.3 ]
[5. 3.4 1.5 0.2 ]
[4.4 2.9 1.4 0.2 ]
[4.9 3.1 1.5 0.1 ]
[5.4 3.7 1.5 0.2 ]
[4.8 3.4 1.6 0.2 ]
[4.8 3. 1.4 0.1 ]
[4.3 3. 1.1 0.1 ]
[5.8 4. 1.2 0.2 ]
[5.7 4.4 1.5 0.4 ]
[5.4 3.9 1.3 0.4 ]
[5.1 3.5 1.4 0.3 ]
[5.7 3.8 1.7 0.3 ]
[5.1 3.8 1.5 0.3 ]
[5.4 3.4 1.7 0.2 ]
[5.1 3.7 1.5 0.4 ]
[4.6 3.6 1. 0.2 ]
[5.1 3.3 1.7 0.5 ]
[4.8 3.4 1.9 0.2 ]
[5. 3. 1.6 0.2 ]
[5. 3.4 1.6 0.4 ]
[5.2 3.5 1.5 0.2 ]
[5.2 3.4 1.4 0.2 ]
[4.7 3.2 1.6 0.2 ]
[4.8 3.1 1.6 0.2 ]
[5.4 3.4 1.5 0.4 ]
[5.2 4.1 1.5 0.1 ]
[5.5 4.2 1.4 0.2 ]
[4.9 3.1 1.5 0.2 ]
[5. 3.2 1.2 0.2 ]
[5.5 3.5 1.3 0.2 ]
[4.9 3.6 1.4 0.1 ]
[4.4 3. 1.3 0.2 ]
[5.1 3.4 1.5 0.2 ]
[5. 3.5 1.3 0.3 ]
[4.5 2.3 1.3 0.3 ]
[4.4 3.2 1.3 0.2 ]
[5. 3.5 1.6 0.6 ]
[5.1 3.8 1.9 0.4 ]
[4.8 3. 1.4 0.3 ]
[5.1 3.8 1.6 0.2 ]
[4.6 3.2 1.4 0.2 ]
[5.3 3.7 1.5 0.2 ]
[5. 3.3 1.4 0.2 ]
[7. 3.2 4.7 1.4 ]
[6.4 3.2 4.5 1.5 ]
[6.9 3.1 4.9 1.5 ]
[5.5 2.3 4. 1.3 ]
[6.5 2.8 4.6 1.5 ]
[5.7 2.8 4.5 1.3 ]
[6.3 3.3 4.7 1.6 ]
[4.9 2.4 3.3 1. ]
[6.6 2.9 4.6 1.3 ]
[5.2 2.7 3.9 1.4 ]
[5. 2. 3.5 1. ]
[5.9 3. 4.2 1.5 ]
[6. 2.2 4. 1. ]
[6.1 2.9 4.7 1.4 ]
[5.6 2.9 3.6 1.3 ]
[6.7 3.1 4.4 1.4 ]
[5.6 3. 4.5 1.5 ]
[5.8 2.7 4.1 1. ]
[6.2 2.2 4.5 1.5 ]
[5.6 2.5 3.9 1.1 ]
[5.9 3.2 4.8 1.8 ]
[6.1 2.8 4. 1.3 ]
[6.3 2.5 4.9 1.5 ]
[6.1 2.8 4.7 1.2 ]
[6.4 2.9 4.3 1.3 ]
[6.6 3. 4.4 1.4 ]
[6.8 2.8 4.8 1.4 ]
[6.7 3. 5. 1.7 ]
[6. 2.9 4.5 1.5 ]
[5.7 2.6 3.5 1. ]
[5.5 2.4 3.8 1.1 ]
[5.5 2.4 3.7 1. ]
[5.8 2.7 3.9 1.2 ]
[6. 2.7 5.1 1.6 ]
[5.4 3. 4.5 1.5 ]
[6. 3.4 4.5 1.6 ]
[6.7 3.1 4.7 1.5 ]
[6.3 2.3 4.4 1.3 ]
[5.6 3. 4.1 1.3 ]
[5.5 2.5 4. 1.3 ]
[5.5 2.6 4.4 1.2 ]
[6.1 3. 4.6 1.4 ]
[5.8 2.6 4. 1.2 ]
[5. 2.3 3.3 1. ]
[5.6 2.7 4.2 1.3 ]
[5.7 3. 4.2 1.2 ]
[5.7 2.9 4.2 1.3 ]
[6.2 2.9 4.3 1.3 ]
[5.1 2.5 3. 1.1 ]
[5.7 2.8 4.1 1.3 ]
[6.3 3.3 6. 2.5 ]
[5.8 2.7 5.1 1.9 ]
[7.1 3. 5.9 2.1 ]
[6.3 2.9 5.6 1.8 ]
[6.5 3. 5.8 2.2 ]
[7.6 3. 6.6 2.1 ]
[4.9 2.5 4.5 1.7 ]
[7.3 2.9 6.3 1.8 ]
[6.7 2.5 5.8 1.8 ]
[7.2 3.6 6.1 2.5 ]
[6.5 3.2 5.1 2. ]
[6.4 2.7 5.3 1.9 ]
[6.8 3. 5.5 2.1 ]
[5.7 2.5 5. 2. ]
[5.8 2.8 5.1 2.4 ]
[6.4 3.2 5.3 2.3 ]
[6.5 3. 5.5 1.8 ]
[7.7 3.8 6.7 2.2 ]
[7.7 2.6 6.9 2.3 ]
[6. 2.2 5. 1.5 ]
[6.9 3.2 5.7 2.3 ]
[5.6 2.8 4.9 2. ]
[7.7 2.8 6.7 2. ]
[6.3 2.7 4.9 1.8 ]
[6.7 3.3 5.7 2.1 ]
[7.2 3.2 6. 1.8 ]
[6.2 2.8 4.8 1.8 ]
[6.1 3. 4.9 1.8 ]
[6.4 2.8 5.6 2.1 ]
[7.2 3. 5.8 1.6 ]
[7.4 2.8 6.1 1.9 ]
[7.9 3.8 6.4 2. ]
[6.4 2.8 5.6 2.2 ]
[6.3 2.8 5.1 1.5 ]
[6.1 2.6 5.6 1.4 ]
[7.7 3. 6.1 2.3 ]
[6.3 3.4 5.6 2.4 ]
[6.4 3.1 5.5 1.8 ]
[6. 3. 4.8 1.8 ]
[6.9 3.1 5.4 2.1 ]
[6.7 3.1 5.6 2.4 ]
[6.9 3.1 5.1 2.3 ]
[5.8 2.7 5.1 1.9 ]
[6.8 3.2 5.9 2.3 ]
[6.7 3.3 5.7 2.5 ]
[6.7 3. 5.2 2.3 ]
[6.3 2.5 5. 1.9 ]
[6.5 3. 5.2 2. ]
[6.2 3.4 5.4 2.3 ]
[5.9 3. 5.1 1.8 ]]
多项式转换—4个特征,度为2的多项式转换:
(150, 15)
[[ 1. 5.1 3.5 … 1.96 0.28 0.04]
[ 1. 4.9 3. … 1.96 0.28 0.04]
[ 1. 4.7 3.2 … 1.69 0.26 0.04]

[ 1. 6.5 3. … 27.04 10.4 4. ]
[ 1. 6.2 3.4 … 29.16 12.42 5.29]
[ 1. 5.9 3. … 26.01 9.18 3.24]]
对数变换:
[[1.8082887712 1.5040773968 0.8754687374 0.1823215568]
[1.7749523509 1.3862943611 0.8754687374 0.1823215568]
[1.7404661748 1.4350845253 0.8329091229 0.1823215568]
[1.7227665977 1.4109869737 0.9162907319 0.1823215568]
[1.7917594692 1.5260563035 0.8754687374 0.1823215568]
[1.8562979904 1.5892352051 0.993251773 0.3364722366]
[1.7227665977 1.4816045409 0.8754687374 0.2623642645]
[1.7917594692 1.4816045409 0.9162907319 0.1823215568]
[1.6863989536 1.3609765531 0.8754687374 0.1823215568]
[1.7749523509 1.4109869737 0.9162907319 0.0953101798]
[1.8562979904 1.5475625087 0.9162907319 0.1823215568]
[1.7578579176 1.4816045409 0.955511445 0.1823215568]
[1.7578579176 1.3862943611 0.8754687374 0.0953101798]
[1.6677068206 1.3862943611 0.7419373447 0.0953101798]
[1.9169226122 1.6094379124 0.7884573604 0.1823215568]
[1.9021075264 1.6863989536 0.9162907319 0.3364722366]
[1.8562979904 1.5892352051 0.8329091229 0.3364722366]
[1.8082887712 1.5040773968 0.8754687374 0.2623642645]
[1.9021075264 1.5686159179 0.993251773 0.2623642645]
[1.8082887712 1.5686159179 0.9162907319 0.2623642645]
[1.8562979904 1.4816045409 0.993251773 0.1823215568]
[1.8082887712 1.5475625087 0.9162907319 0.3364722366]
[1.7227665977 1.5260563035 0.6931471806 0.1823215568]
[1.8082887712 1.4586150227 0.993251773 0.4054651081]
[1.7578579176 1.4816045409 1.064710737 0.1823215568]
[1.7917594692 1.3862943611 0.955511445 0.1823215568]
[1.7917594692 1.4816045409 0.955511445 0.3364722366]
[1.8245492921 1.5040773968 0.9162907319 0.1823215568]
[1.8245492921 1.4816045409 0.8754687374 0.1823215568]
[1.7404661748 1.4350845253 0.955511445 0.1823215568]
[1.7578579176 1.4109869737 0.955511445 0.1823215568]
[1.8562979904 1.4816045409 0.9162907319 0.3364722366]
[1.8245492921 1.6292405397 0.9162907319 0.0953101798]
[1.8718021769 1.6486586256 0.8754687374 0.1823215568]
[1.7749523509 1.4109869737 0.9162907319 0.1823215568]
[1.7917594692 1.4350845253 0.7884573604 0.1823215568]
[1.8718021769 1.5040773968 0.8329091229 0.1823215568]
[1.7749523509 1.5260563035 0.8754687374 0.0953101798]
[1.6863989536 1.3862943611 0.8329091229 0.1823215568]
[1.8082887712 1.4816045409 0.9162907319 0.1823215568]
[1.7917594692 1.5040773968 0.8329091229 0.2623642645]
[1.7047480922 1.1939224685 0.8329091229 0.2623642645]
[1.6863989536 1.4350845253 0.8329091229 0.1823215568]
[1.7917594692 1.5040773968 0.955511445 0.4700036292]
[1.8082887712 1.5686159179 1.064710737 0.3364722366]
[1.7578579176 1.3862943611 0.8754687374 0.2623642645]
[1.8082887712 1.5686159179 0.955511445 0.1823215568]
[1.7227665977 1.4350845253 0.8754687374 0.1823215568]
[1.8405496334 1.5475625087 0.9162907319 0.1823215568]
[1.7917594692 1.4586150227 0.8754687374 0.1823215568]
[2.0794415417 1.4350845253 1.7404661748 0.8754687374]
[2.0014800002 1.4350845253 1.7047480922 0.9162907319]
[2.0668627595 1.4109869737 1.7749523509 0.9162907319]
[1.8718021769 1.1939224685 1.6094379124 0.8329091229]
[2.0149030205 1.3350010667 1.7227665977 0.9162907319]
[1.9021075264 1.3350010667 1.7047480922 0.8329091229]
[1.9878743482 1.4586150227 1.7404661748 0.955511445 ]
[1.7749523509 1.2237754316 1.4586150227 0.6931471806]
[2.0281482473 1.3609765531 1.7227665977 0.8329091229]
[1.8245492921 1.3083328197 1.5892352051 0.8754687374]
[1.7917594692 1.0986122887 1.5040773968 0.6931471806]
[1.9315214116 1.3862943611 1.6486586256 0.9162907319]
[1.9459101491 1.1631508098 1.6094379124 0.6931471806]
[1.960094784 1.3609765531 1.7404661748 0.8754687374]
[1.887069649 1.3609765531 1.5260563035 0.8329091229]
[2.0412203289 1.4109869737 1.6863989536 0.8754687374]
[1.887069649 1.3862943611 1.7047480922 0.9162907319]
[1.9169226122 1.3083328197 1.6292405397 0.6931471806]
[1.974081026 1.1631508098 1.7047480922 0.9162907319]
[1.887069649 1.2527629685 1.5892352051 0.7419373447]
[1.9315214116 1.4350845253 1.7578579176 1.0296194172]
[1.960094784 1.3350010667 1.6094379124 0.8329091229]
[1.9878743482 1.2527629685 1.7749523509 0.9162907319]
[1.960094784 1.3350010667 1.7404661748 0.7884573604]
[2.0014800002 1.3609765531 1.6677068206 0.8329091229]
[2.0281482473 1.3862943611 1.6863989536 0.8754687374]
[2.0541237337 1.3350010667 1.7578579176 0.8754687374]
[2.0412203289 1.3862943611 1.7917594692 0.993251773 ]
[1.9459101491 1.3609765531 1.7047480922 0.9162907319]
[1.9021075264 1.2809338455 1.5040773968 0.6931471806]
[1.8718021769 1.2237754316 1.5686159179 0.7419373447]
[1.8718021769 1.2237754316 1.5475625087 0.6931471806]
[1.9169226122 1.3083328197 1.5892352051 0.7884573604]
[1.9459101491 1.3083328197 1.8082887712 0.955511445 ]
[1.8562979904 1.3862943611 1.7047480922 0.9162907319]
[1.9459101491 1.4816045409 1.7047480922 0.955511445 ]
[2.0412203289 1.4109869737 1.7404661748 0.9162907319]
[1.9878743482 1.1939224685 1.6863989536 0.8329091229]
[1.887069649 1.3862943611 1.6292405397 0.8329091229]
[1.8718021769 1.2527629685 1.6094379124 0.8329091229]
[1.8718021769 1.2809338455 1.6863989536 0.7884573604]
[1.960094784 1.3862943611 1.7227665977 0.8754687374]
[1.9169226122 1.2809338455 1.6094379124 0.7884573604]
[1.7917594692 1.1939224685 1.4586150227 0.6931471806]
[1.887069649 1.3083328197 1.6486586256 0.8329091229]
[1.9021075264 1.3862943611 1.6486586256 0.7884573604]
[1.9021075264 1.3609765531 1.6486586256 0.8329091229]
[1.974081026 1.3609765531 1.6677068206 0.8329091229]
[1.8082887712 1.2527629685 1.3862943611 0.7419373447]
[1.9021075264 1.3350010667 1.6292405397 0.8329091229]
[1.9878743482 1.4586150227 1.9459101491 1.2527629685]
[1.9169226122 1.3083328197 1.8082887712 1.064710737 ]
[2.0918640617 1.3862943611 1.9315214116 1.1314021115]
[1.9878743482 1.3609765531 1.887069649 1.0296194172]
[2.0149030205 1.3862943611 1.9169226122 1.1631508098]
[2.1517622033 1.3862943611 2.0281482473 1.1314021115]
[1.7749523509 1.2527629685 1.7047480922 0.993251773 ]
[2.1162555148 1.3609765531 1.9878743482 1.0296194172]
[2.0412203289 1.2527629685 1.9169226122 1.0296194172]
[2.1041341543 1.5260563035 1.960094784 1.2527629685]
[2.0149030205 1.4350845253 1.8082887712 1.0986122887]
[2.0014800002 1.3083328197 1.8405496334 1.064710737 ]
[2.0541237337 1.3862943611 1.8718021769 1.1314021115]
[1.9021075264 1.2527629685 1.7917594692 1.0986122887]
[1.9169226122 1.3350010667 1.8082887712 1.2237754316]
[2.0014800002 1.4350845253 1.8405496334 1.1939224685]
[2.0149030205 1.3862943611 1.8718021769 1.0296194172]
[2.1633230257 1.5686159179 2.0412203289 1.1631508098]
[2.1633230257 1.2809338455 2.0668627595 1.1939224685]
[1.9459101491 1.1631508098 1.7917594692 0.9162907319]
[2.0668627595 1.4350845253 1.9021075264 1.1939224685]
[1.887069649 1.3350010667 1.7749523509 1.0986122887]
[2.1633230257 1.3350010667 2.0412203289 1.0986122887]
[1.9878743482 1.3083328197 1.7749523509 1.0296194172]
[2.0412203289 1.4586150227 1.9021075264 1.1314021115]
[2.1041341543 1.4350845253 1.9459101491 1.0296194172]
[1.974081026 1.3350010667 1.7578579176 1.0296194172]
[1.960094784 1.3862943611 1.7749523509 1.0296194172]
[2.0014800002 1.3350010667 1.887069649 1.1314021115]
[2.1041341543 1.3862943611 1.9169226122 0.955511445 ]
[2.1282317058 1.3350010667 1.960094784 1.064710737 ]
[2.1860512767 1.5686159179 2.0014800002 1.0986122887]
[2.0014800002 1.3350010667 1.887069649 1.1631508098]
[1.9878743482 1.3350010667 1.8082887712 0.9162907319]
[1.960094784 1.2809338455 1.887069649 0.8754687374]
[2.1633230257 1.3862943611 1.960094784 1.1939224685]
[1.9878743482 1.4816045409 1.887069649 1.2237754316]
[2.0014800002 1.4109869737 1.8718021769 1.0296194172]
[1.9459101491 1.3862943611 1.7578579176 1.0296194172]
[2.0668627595 1.4109869737 1.8562979904 1.1314021115]
[2.0412203289 1.4109869737 1.887069649 1.2237754316]
[2.0668627595 1.4109869737 1.8082887712 1.1939224685]
[1.9169226122 1.3083328197 1.8082887712 1.064710737 ]
[2.0541237337 1.4350845253 1.9315214116 1.1939224685]
[2.0412203289 1.4586150227 1.9021075264 1.2527629685]
[2.0412203289 1.3862943611 1.8245492921 1.1939224685]
[1.9878743482 1.2527629685 1.7917594692 1.064710737 ]
[2.0149030205 1.3862943611 1.8245492921 1.0986122887]
[1.974081026 1.4816045409 1.8562979904 1.1939224685]
[1.9315214116 1.3862943611 1.8082887712 1.0296194172]]

Process finished with exit code 0

  • 1
    点赞
  • 3
    收藏
    觉得还不错? 一键收藏
  • 0
    评论
特工程是使用专业背景知识和技巧处理数据,使得特征能在机器学习算法上发挥更好的作用的过程。它包括特征抽取、特征处理特征降维等内容。特征工程对于机器学习的效果具有直接影响。 在Python中进行机器学习特征工程,可以使用多个库和工具来完成。下面是一些常用Python库和工具: 1. Scikit-learn:Scikit-learn是一个功能丰富的机器学习库,提供了许多特征工程的方法,包括特征抽取、特征处理特征降维等。你可以使用Scikit-learn来进行特征选择、标准化、缺失值处理等操作。 2. Pandas:Pandas是一个用于数据分析和处理的库,提供了丰富的数据操作功能。你可以使用Pandas来加载和清洗数据,进行数据预处理特征选择。 3. Numpy:Numpy是Python中一个强大的数值计算库,提供了高效的数组操作功能。你可以使用Numpy来进行数值特征处理,如归一化、标准化和缩放等。 4. Featuretools:Featuretools是一个用于自动特征工程的库,它可以根据数据的结构和关系自动生成特征。你可以使用Featuretools来创建新的特征,通过组合和聚合现有特征。 5. Feature-Engine:Feature-Engine是一个专注于特征工程的库,提供了多个特征处理方法。你可以使用Feature-Engine来处理缺失值、离群值、编码分类变量等。 在进行机器学习特征工程时,你需要根据具体的问题和数据集选择适合的方法和工具。通过合理的特征工程处理,可以提高机器学习模型的性能和准确性。

“相关推荐”对你有帮助么?

  • 非常没帮助
  • 没帮助
  • 一般
  • 有帮助
  • 非常有帮助
提交
评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值