Hibernate高级实体关联映射之多值的实体关联(多对多关联的两种思路之一)

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-25 21:18:14 发布

fhd001

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-25 21:18:14 发布

阅读量1k

点赞数

分类专栏： hibernate 文章标签： hibernate string class calendar encoding generator

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/fhd001/article/details/5905909

版权

hibernate 专栏收录该内容

129 篇文章 0 订阅

订阅专栏

Hibernate高级实体关联映射之多值的实体关联(多对多关联的两种思路之一)

hibernate反对多对多关联的使用，因为联结表中的额外列通常是不可能避免的。如果联结表有一些额外的列，而不只是两个外键列时，该怎么办？

我们可以用一对多模拟多对多的关系。可以用两种常用的策略把这样一种结构映射到java类。第一种策略需要一个用于联结表的中间实体类，并通过一对多的关联而被映射。第二种策略通过给联结表使用一个值类型的类来利用组件的集合。

我们实现第一种策略：把联结表映射到中间实体

pom.xml:

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>hibernateTest</groupId> <artifactId>hibernateTest</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>jar</packaging> <name>hibernateTest</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>3.8.1</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId> <version>3.3.1.GA</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-nop</artifactId> <version>1.5.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javassist</groupId> <artifactId>javassist</artifactId> <version>3.4.GA</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>c3p0</groupId> <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId> <version>0.9.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.oracle</groupId> <artifactId>ojdbc14</artifactId> <version>10.2.0.3.0</version> <scope>runtime</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>hibernateTest</finalName> <resources> <resource> <directory>src/main/resources</directory> </resource> <resource> <directory>src/main/java</directory> <excludes> <exclude>**/*.java</exclude> </excludes> </resource> </resources> <plugins> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <configuration> <source>1.6</source> <target>1.6</target> <encoding>UTF-8</encoding> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>

resources/hibernate.cfg.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-configuration> <session-factory name="sessionFactory">  <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver</property>  <property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:XE</property> <property name="hibernate.connection.useUnicode">true</property> <property name="hibernate.connection.characterEncoding">gbk</property>  <property name="hibernate.connection.username">system</property>  <property name="hibernate.connection.password">password</property>  <property name="hibernate.c3p0.max_size">20</property>  <property name="hibernate.c3p0.min_size">5</property>  <property name="hibernate.c3p0.timeout">120</property>  <property name="hibernate.c3p0.max_statements">100</property>  <property name="hibernate.c3p0.idle_test_period">120</property>  <property name="hibernate.c3p0.acquire_increment">2</property>  <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.OracleDialect</property>  <property name="show_sql">true</property>  <property name="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>  <mapping resource="pojo/Student.hbm.xml" /> <mapping resource="pojo/Teacher.hbm.xml" /> <mapping resource="pojo/MyClass.hbm.xml" /> </session-factory> </hibernate-configuration>

pojo/Teacher.java:

package pojo; import java.io.Serializable; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Collection; public class Teacher implements Serializable{ private String teacher_id; private String teacher_name; private int teacher_age; private Collection<MyClass> myClassList = new ArrayList<MyClass>(); public String getTeacher_id() { return teacher_id; } @SuppressWarnings("unused") private void setTeacher_id(String teacher_id) { this.teacher_id = teacher_id; } public String getTeacher_name() { return teacher_name; } public void setTeacher_name(String teacher_name) { this.teacher_name = teacher_name; } public int getTeacher_age() { return teacher_age; } public void setTeacher_age(int teacher_age) { this.teacher_age = teacher_age; } public Collection<MyClass> getMyClassList() { return myClassList; } public void setMyClassList(Collection<MyClass> myClassList) { this.myClassList = myClassList; } }

pojo/Teacher.hbm.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-mapping package="pojo"> <class name="Teacher" table="A_TEACHER" dynamic-insert="true" dynamic-update="true"> <id name="teacher_id" column="TEACHER_ID" type="string"> <generator class="uuid.hex" /> </id> <property name="teacher_name" column="TEACHER_NAME" type="string"/> <property name="teacher_age" column="TEACHER_AGE" type="integer"/> <bag name="myClassList" inverse="true" cascade="all"> <key column="TEACHER_ID"/> <one-to-many class="MyClass"/> </bag> </class> </hibernate-mapping>

pojo/Student.java:

package pojo; import java.io.Serializable; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Collection; public class Student implements Serializable{ private String student_id; private String student_name; private int student_age; private Collection<MyClass> myClassList = new ArrayList<MyClass>(); public String getStudent_id() { return student_id; } @SuppressWarnings("unused") private void setStudent_id(String student_id) { this.student_id = student_id; } public String getStudent_name() { return student_name; } public void setStudent_name(String student_name) { this.student_name = student_name; } public int getStudent_age() { return student_age; } public void setStudent_age(int student_age) { this.student_age = student_age; } public Collection<MyClass> getMyClassList() { return myClassList; } public void setMyClassList(Collection<MyClass> myClassList) { this.myClassList = myClassList; } }

pojo/Student.hbm.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-mapping package="pojo"> <class name="Student" table="A_STUDENT" dynamic-insert="true" dynamic-update="true"> <id name="student_id" column="STUDENT_ID" type="string"> <generator class="uuid.hex" /> </id> <property name="student_name" column="STUDENT_NAME" type="string"/> <property name="student_age" column="STUDENT_AGE" type="integer"/> <bag name="myClassList" inverse="true" cascade="all"> <key column="STUDENT_ID"/> <one-to-many class="MyClass"/> </bag> </class> </hibernate-mapping>

pojo/MyClass.java:

package pojo; import java.io.Serializable; import java.util.Calendar; public class MyClass implements Serializable { //静态内部类，它是MyClass的主键类，必须实现equals()和hashCode()方法 //你也可以不用定义内啊类，而是直接在外部定义主键类 public static class Id implements Serializable{ private String student_id; private String teacher_id; Id(){} Id(String student_id,String teacher_id){ this.student_id = student_id; this.teacher_id = teacher_id; } @Override public int hashCode() { final int prime = 31; int result = 1; result = prime * result + ((student_id == null) ? 0 : student_id.hashCode()); result = prime * result + ((teacher_id == null) ? 0 : teacher_id.hashCode()); return result; } @Override public boolean equals(Object obj) { if (this == obj) return true; if (obj == null) return false; if (getClass() != obj.getClass()) return false; Id other = (Id) obj; if (student_id == null) { if (other.student_id != null) return false; } else if (!student_id.equals(other.student_id)) return false; if (teacher_id == null) { if (other.teacher_id != null) return false; } else if (!teacher_id.equals(other.teacher_id)) return false; return true; } } private Id class_id; private String className; private String schoolName; private Calendar createTime; private Student student; private Teacher teacher; public MyClass(){} //在这个构造方法中，一定要处理好关联 public MyClass(String className,String schoolName,Student student,Teacher teacher){ this.className = className; this.schoolName = schoolName; this.student = student; this.teacher = teacher; //用Teacher,Student的id来创建该类 class_id = new Id(this.student.getStudent_id(),this.teacher.getTeacher_id()); //处理关联 this.teacher.getMyClassList().add(this); this.student.getMyClassList().add(this); } public Id getClass_id() { return class_id; } public void setClass_id(Id class_id) { this.class_id = class_id; } public String getClassName() { return className; } public void setClassName(String className) { this.className = className; } public String getSchoolName() { return schoolName; } public void setSchoolName(String schoolName) { this.schoolName = schoolName; } public Calendar getCreateTime() { return createTime; } public void setCreateTime(Calendar createTime) { this.createTime = createTime; } public Student getStudent() { return student; } public void setStudent(Student student) { this.student = student; } public Teacher getTeacher() { return teacher; } public void setTeacher(Teacher teacher) { this.teacher = teacher; } }

pojo/MyClass.hbm.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-mapping package="pojo"> <class name="MyClass" table="A_CLASS" mutable="false"> <composite-id name="class_id" class="MyClass$Id"> <key-property name="student_id" column="STUDENT_ID" type="string" access="field"/> <key-property name="teacher_id" column="TEACHER_ID" type="string" access="field"/> </composite-id> <property name="className" column="CLASSNAME" type="string"/> <property name="schoolName" column="SCHOOLNAME" type="string"/> <property name="createTime" column="CREATETIME" type="calendar" insert="false" update="false" generated="always"/> <many-to-one name="student" column="STUDENT_ID" not-null="true" insert="false" update="false"/> <many-to-one name="teacher" column="TEACHER_ID" not-null="true" insert="false" update="false"/> </class> </hibernate-mapping>

util/HibernateUtil.java:

package util; import org.hibernate.SessionFactory; import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration; public class HibernateUtil { private static SessionFactory sessionFactory; static{ try { sessionFactory = new Configuration().configure().buildSessionFactory(); } catch (Throwable e) { throw new ExceptionInInitializerError(e); } } public static SessionFactory getSessionFactory(){ return sessionFactory; } public static void shutdown(){ getSessionFactory().close(); } }

util/Manager.java:

package util; import java.util.Iterator; import org.hibernate.Session; import org.hibernate.Transaction; import pojo.MyClass; import pojo.Student; import pojo.Teacher; public class Manager { @SuppressWarnings("rawtypes") public static void main(String[] args) { Teacher t = new Teacher(); t.setTeacher_name("fhd"); t.setTeacher_age(35); Teacher t1 = new Teacher(); t1.setTeacher_name("fhd111"); t1.setTeacher_age(355); Student s = new Student(); s.setStudent_name("fuhaidong"); s.setStudent_age(30); Student s1 = new Student(); s1.setStudent_name("fuhaidong111"); s1.setStudent_age(3012); Session session = HibernateUtil.getSessionFactory().openSession(); Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction(); session.save(t); session.save(s); session.save(t1); session.save(s1); MyClass myClass1 = new MyClass("oneClass1","jiangling1",s,t); MyClass myClass2 = new MyClass("oneClass2","jiangling2",s,t1); MyClass myClass3 = new MyClass("oneClass3","jiangling3",s1,t); //测试保存 session.save(myClass1); session.save(myClass2); session.save(myClass3); session.flush(); //测试导航 Iterator it = t.getMyClassList().iterator(); while(it.hasNext()){ MyClass my = (MyClass) it.next(); System.out.println(my.getClassName()); System.out.println(my.getSchoolName()); System.out.println(my.getCreateTime().getTime()); System.out.println(my.getStudent().getStudent_age()); System.out.println(my.getStudent().getStudent_name()); } //测试删除 t.getMyClassList().remove(myClass1); s.getMyClassList().remove(myClass1); session.delete(myClass1); Iterator it1 = t.getMyClassList().iterator(); while(it1.hasNext()){ MyClass my = (MyClass) it1.next(); System.out.println(my.getClassName()); System.out.println(my.getSchoolName()); System.out.println(my.getCreateTime().getTime()); System.out.println(my.getStudent().getStudent_age()); System.out.println(my.getStudent().getStudent_name()); } //好象不支持孤儿删除 //测试级联保存 Student s3 = new Student(); s3.setStudent_age(12); s3.setStudent_name("sss"); session.save(s3); //MyClass构建函数中已经关联好了，提交时会自动保存teacher,student时，自动持久化新的MyClass对象. new MyClass("kkk","MMM",s3,t); transaction.commit(); session.close(); } }

表结构：

A_STUDENT表： STUDENT_ID, STUDENT_NAME, STUDENT_AGE A_TEACHER表： TEACHER_ID, TEACHER_NAME, TEACHER_AGE A_CLASS表： STUDENT_ID, TEACHER_ID, CLASSNAME, SCHOOLNAME, CREATETIME

上例中，联结表的主键是TEACHER_ID,STUDENT_ID的复合。因而，对应的实体类也有一个复合键，为了方便起见，把它封装在一个静态的嵌套类中了,记得该静态嵌套类要实现equals()和hashCode()方法。注意：复合键值由应用程序分配，你可以看看MyClass.java的构造方法，它如何设置字段值，并通过在关联的任意一端管理集合来确保参照完整性。

联结表对应的实体类被映射为不可变---你创建之后永远不用更新任何属性。hibernate直接访问<composite-id>字段---在这个被嵌套的类中不需要获取方法和设置方法。两个<many-to-one>映射实际上是只读的;insert和update被设置为false.这是必需的，因为列被映射两次：一次在复合键中(负责值的插入)，另一次用于多对一的关联。

这个策略的主要好处在于双向导航的可能性；缺点是要用更复杂的代码管理MyClass实体实例，创建和移除关联---它们必须被独立地被保存和删除。

这个例子是用bag实现的，如果使用set也是可以的。但不确定list,map行不行，没有测试！！！！