Bash Shell - set, export， source如何应用。变量在父进程，子进程之间的传递

1. 如何让子进程 (Child process) 能够看见并应用其父进程 (Parent process) 下传的环境变量（Environment variables) ?

• Ans: 在 Parent process， export var1="value1" ， child process 就能够继承，看到 parent process 的环境变量
  -注意 在 Parent process， set var1="value" 或者 var1="value" , child process 都不能 看到 parent process 的环境变量

2. 如何让子进程 (Child process)在结束后其环境变量可以上递至父进程 (Parent process) 的环境变量（Environment variables) ?

• Ans: 在 Parent process， source child.sh 或者 . ./child.sh.
• 在 Child process, export var1="value" 或者 var1="value" , Parent process 就能 看到 Child process 的环境变量
  注意 在 Child process, set var1="value" , Parent process 不能 看到 Child process 的环境变量
  注意 在 Child process, 即使已经 export var1="value" 或者 var1="value" ，若 Parent Process 没有 source child process , child process 依然不能上递至父进程

来做个实验

0x01 实验

• 1.sh line #6 ./2.sh

1.sh (parent process)

export name1="pid1"
set salary1=1000
stock1=110000


./2.sh

echo "in 1.sh, echo name2=$name2"
echo "in 1.sh, echo salary2=$salary2"
echo "in 1.sh, echo stock2=$stock2"

2.sh (child process)

echo "in 2.sh, echo name1=$name1"    
echo "in 2.sh, echo salary1=$salary1"
echo "in 2.sh, echo stock1=$stock1"  

export name2="pid2"

set salary2=2000

stock2=220000

执行的结果.

• 只有1.sh export的变量在 2.sh 能够让 Child process 看到
• 2.sh结束后 ， 没有一个在2.sh定义的变量（就连export的）也不能上递到 Parent Process.

cloud_user@wengkoon5c:~$ ./1.sh
in 2.sh, echo name1=pid1  
in 2.sh, echo salary1=    
in 2.sh, echo stock1=     
in 1.sh, echo name2=      
in 1.sh, echo salary2=    
in 1.sh, echo stock2=         
cloud_user@wengkoon5c:~$  

0x02a 实验

• 1.sh line #6 source ./2.sh

1.sh (parent process)

export name1="pid1"
set salary1=1000
stock1=110000


source ./2.sh

echo "in 1.sh, echo name2=$name2"    
echo "in 1.sh, echo salary2=$salary2"
echo "in 1.sh, echo stock2=$stock2"  

2.sh (child process)

echo "in 2.sh, echo name1=$name1"    
echo "in 2.sh, echo salary1=$salary1"
echo "in 2.sh, echo stock1=$stock1"  

export name2="pid2"

set salary2=2000

stock2=220000

执行的结果.

• 只有1.sh export的变量在 2.sh 能够让 Child process 看到
• 2.sh结束后 ， 只有2.sh 内 export var1=value1， var1=value1变量能上递到 Parent Process.

in 2.sh, echo name1=pid1   
in 2.sh, echo salary1=     
in 2.sh, echo stock1=110000
in 1.sh, echo name2=pid2   
in 1.sh, echo salary2=     
in 1.sh, echo stock2=220000

0x02b 实验

• 1.sh line #6 . ./2.sh

1.sh (parent process)

export name1="pid1"
set salary1=1000
stock1=110000


. ./2.sh

echo "in 1.sh, echo name2=$name2"    
echo "in 1.sh, echo salary2=$salary2"
echo "in 1.sh, echo stock2=$stock2"

2.sh (child process)

echo "in 2.sh, echo name1=$name1"    
echo "in 2.sh, echo salary1=$salary1"
echo "in 2.sh, echo stock1=$stock1"  

export name2="pid2"

set salary2=2000

stock2=220000

执行的结果 与0x02a 一致

• 只有1.sh export的变量在 2.sh 能够让 Child process 看到
• 2.sh结束后 ， 只有2.sh 内 export var1=value1， var1=value1变量能上递到 Parent Process.

in 2.sh, echo name1=pid1
in 2.sh, echo salary1=
in 2.sh, echo stock1=110000
in 1.sh, echo name2=pid2
in 1.sh, echo salary2=
in 1.sh, echo stock2=220000

参考了
Linux下set,env,export,source,exec深入解析