numpy Axis=0, Axis=1

0x01 - np.sum(a)

In [1]: import numpy as np, pandas as pd

In [2]: a = np.arange(10).reshape(2,5)
   ...: a
Out[2]:
array([[0, 1, 2, 3, 4],
       [5, 6, 7, 8, 9]])

In [3]: sum1 = np.sum(a)

In [4]: sum1
Out[4]: 45

In [5]: sum1.shape
Out[5]: ()

In [6]:

0x02 - np.sum(a,axis=0) keepdims=True/False

In [11]: a
Out[11]:
array([[0, 1, 2, 3, 4],
       [5, 6, 7, 8, 9]])

In [12]: sum2 = np.sum(a,axis=0)

In [13]: sum2
Out[13]: array([ 5,  7,  9, 11, 13])

In [14]: sum2.shape
Out[14]: (5,)

In [15]: sum2 = np.sum(a,axis=0,keepdims=True)

In [16]: sum2
Out[16]: array([[ 5,  7,  9, 11, 13]])

In [17]: sum2.shape
Out[17]: (1, 5)

0x03 - np.sum(a,axis=1) keepdims=True/False

In [24]: a
Out[24]:
array([[0, 1, 2, 3, 4],
       [5, 6, 7, 8, 9]])

In [25]: sum3 = np.sum(a,axis=1)

In [26]: sum3
Out[26]: array([10, 35])

In [27]: sum3 = np.sum(a,axis=1,keepdims=True)

In [28]: sum3
Out[28]:
array([[10],
       [35]])

In [29]: sum3.shape
Out[29]: (2, 1)

0x02 A