可结合element Popover弹出框来实现
<el-table-column label="缩略图" width="200">
<template slot-scope="scope">
<!-- trigger(触发方式)、placement(出现位置) -->
<el-popover trigger="hover" placement="right">
<!-- table中原本显示的图片 -->
<img slot="reference" :src="scope.row.headimage" :alt="scope.row.headimage" class="image">
<!-- 鼠标移入时弹出的图片 -->
<img :src="scope.row.headimage" alt="" class="big">
</el-popover>
</template>
</el-table-column>
效果如下图所示