单例模式之volatile分析

首先建一个单例模式的多线程情况

public class SingletonDemo {
    private static SingletonDemo instance = null;

    private  SingletonDemo(){
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+ "\t 我是构造方法singletonDemo()") ;
    }

    public  static  SingletonDemo getInstance(){
        if (instance  == null )
        {
            instance = new SingletonDemo();
        }
        return instance;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 单线程
//        System.out.println(SingletonDemo.getInstance() == SingletonDemo.getInstance());
//        System.out.println(SingletonDemo.getInstance() == SingletonDemo.getInstance());
//
//        System.out.println(SingletonDemo.getInstance() == SingletonDemo.getInstance());
        // 多线程

        for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++){
          new Thread(() -> {
              SingletonDemo.getInstance();
          },String.valueOf(i)).start();
        }

    }
}

当运行这份代码的时候会出现这种情况

我们可以改为

// DCL (Double Check Lock 双端检锁机制)
    public  static  SingletonDemo getInstance(){
        if (instance  == null )
        {
            synchronized (SingletonDemo.class){
                if (instance == null){
                    instance = new SingletonDemo();
                }
            }

        }
        return instance;
    }

但这种也会出现问题,原因就是指令重排,为什么会出现这种问题呢?

当一条线程访问instance不为null时,由于instance实例未必已初始化完成,也就造成了线程安全问题

怎么办呢.可以加上volatile就可以了.