线程的堆栈——Windows核心编程学习手札之十六

线程的堆栈

——Windows核心编程学习手札之十六

系统会在进程的地址空间内保存一些区域，同时也会在进程地址空间内为线程的堆栈保留区域。线程都有自己的堆栈，创建时，系统就保留一个堆栈空间区域，并将相应物理存储器提交给这个保留的区域用于线程堆栈。按照默认设置，系统保留1MB的地址空间并提交两个页面的内存，默认值可以在链接应用程序时设定Microsoft的链接程序的/STACK选项：

/STACK:reserve[,commit]

当创建一个线程的堆栈时，系统就会保留一个链接程序/STACK开关指明的地址空间区域。在调用CreateThread或_beginthreadx函数时，可以重载原先提交的内存数量，这两个函数都有一个参数，可以用来重载原先提交给堆栈地址空间的内存数量，如果设定这个参数为0，那么系统将使用/STACK开关指明的已提交的堆栈大小值。

线程堆栈溢栈例子，超过1MB分配空间，SHE提示出错：

// Demo.cpp : Defines the entry point for the application.

//

 

#include "stdafx.h"

#include "resource.h"

#include  <process.h>  

 

#define MAX_LOADSTRING 100

#define UINT_MAX  4

// Global Variables:

HINSTANCE hInst;                                                        // current instance

TCHAR szTitle[MAX_LOADSTRING];                                                        // The title bar text

TCHAR szWindowClass[MAX_LOADSTRING];                                                  // The title bar text

 

// Foward declarations of functions included in this code module:

ATOM                          MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance);

BOOL                          InitInstance(HINSTANCE, int);

LRESULT CALLBACK  WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);

LRESULT CALLBACK  About(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);

 

//Function:Sum

//An example of calling Sum for uNum=0 through 9

//uNum:0 1 2 3 4   5  6  7  8  9 ...

//Sum: 0 1 3 6 10 15 21 28 36 45 ...

UINT Sum(UINT nNum)

{

       // call Sum recursively.

       return ( (nNum ==0)?0:(nNum+Sum(nNum-1)) );

}

//end of Sum

 

//Function:FilterFunc

LONG WINAPI FilterFunc(DWORD dwExceptionCode)

{

       return ((dwExceptionCode==STATUS_STACK_OVERFLOW)?

             EXCEPTION_EXECUTE_HANDLER:EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH);

}

//end of FilterFunc

 

//Function:SumThreadFunc

//the separate thread that is responsible for calculating the sum.

unsigned int  WINAPI SumThreadFunc(PVOID pvParam)

{

       //the parameter pvParam,contains the number of integers to sum.

       UINT uSumNum=PtrToUlong(pvParam);

    //uSum contains the summation of the numbers from 0 through uSumNum.

       //if the sum cannot be calculated,a sum of UINT_MAX is returned.

    UINT uSum=UINT_MAX;

       __try{

              uSum=Sum(uSumNum);

       }

       __except(FilterFunc(GetExceptionCode())){

       }

       return(uSum);

}

//end of SumThreadFunc

int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,

                     HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,

                     LPSTR     lpCmdLine,

                     int       nCmdShow)

{

      // TODO: Place code here.

       MSG msg;

       HACCEL hAccelTable;

 

       // Initialize global strings

       LoadString(hInstance, IDS_APP_TITLE, szTitle, MAX_LOADSTRING);

       LoadString(hInstance, IDC_DEMO, szWindowClass, MAX_LOADSTRING);

       MyRegisterClass(hInstance);

 

       // Perform application initialization:

       if (!InitInstance (hInstance, nCmdShow))

       {

              return FALSE;

       }

 

       hAccelTable = LoadAccelerators(hInstance, (LPCTSTR)IDC_DEMO);

 

       // Main message loop:

       while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0))

       {

              if (!TranslateAccelerator(msg.hwnd, hAccelTable, &msg))

              {

                     TranslateMessage(&msg);

                     DispatchMessage(&msg);

              }

       }

 

       return msg.wParam;

}

 

 

 

//

//  FUNCTION: MyRegisterClass()

//

//  PURPOSE: Registers the window class.

//

//  COMMENTS:

//

//    This function and its usage is only necessary if you want this code

//    to be compatible with Win32 systems prior to the 'RegisterClassEx'

//    function that was added to Windows 95. It is important to call this function

//    so that the application will get 'well formed' small icons associated

//    with it.

//

ATOM MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance)

{

       WNDCLASSEX wcex;

 

       wcex.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);

 

       wcex.style                    = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;

       wcex.lpfnWndProc       = (WNDPROC)WndProc;

       wcex.cbClsExtra           = 0;

       wcex.cbWndExtra         = 0;

       wcex.hInstance             = hInstance;

       wcex.hIcon                  = LoadIcon(hInstance, (LPCTSTR)IDI_DEMO);

       wcex.hCursor        = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);

       wcex.hbrBackground     = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW+1);

       wcex.lpszMenuName     = (LPCSTR)IDC_DEMO;

       wcex.lpszClassName     = szWindowClass;

       wcex.hIconSm             = LoadIcon(wcex.hInstance, (LPCTSTR)IDI_SMALL);

 

       return RegisterClassEx(&wcex);

}

 

//

//   FUNCTION: InitInstance(HANDLE, int)

//

//   PURPOSE: Saves instance handle and creates main window

//

//   COMMENTS:

//

//        In this function, we save the instance handle in a global variable and

//        create and display the main program window.

//

BOOL InitInstance(HINSTANCE hInstance, int nCmdShow)

{

   HWND hWnd;

 

   hInst = hInstance; // Store instance handle in our global variable

 

   hWnd = CreateWindow(szWindowClass, szTitle, WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,

      CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);

 

   if (!hWnd)

   {

      return FALSE;

   }

 

   ShowWindow(hWnd, nCmdShow);

   UpdateWindow(hWnd);

 

   return TRUE;

}

 

//

//  FUNCTION: WndProc(HWND, unsigned, WORD, LONG)

//

//  PURPOSE:  Processes messages for the main window.

//

//  WM_COMMAND    - process the application menu

//  WM_PAINT     - Paint the main window

//  WM_DESTROY      - post a quit message and return

//

//

LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)

{

       int wmId, wmEvent;

       PAINTSTRUCT ps;

       HDC hdc;

       TCHAR szHello[MAX_LOADSTRING];

       LoadString(hInst, IDS_HELLO, szHello, MAX_LOADSTRING);

 

       switch (message)

       {

              case WM_COMMAND:

                     wmId    = LOWORD(wParam);

                     wmEvent = HIWORD(wParam);

                     // Parse the menu selections:

                     switch (wmId)

                     {

                         case IDM_CALC:

                    {

                                   UINT uSum=44000;

                                   unsigned dwThreadId;

                                   HANDLE hThread=(HANDLE)_beginthreadex(NULL,0,SumThreadFunc,(PVOID)(UINT_PTR)uSum,0,&dwThreadId);

                                   //wait for the thread to terminate.

                                   WaitForSingleObject(hThread,INFINITE);

                                   //the thread's exit code is the resulting summation.

                                   GetExitCodeThread(hThread,(PDWORD)&uSum);

                                   CloseHandle(hThread);

                                   if(uSum==UINT_MAX)

                                          MessageBox(hWnd,"error","warning",0);

                                   else

                        MessageBox(hWnd,"Success","warning",0);

                                   }

                    break;

                            case IDM_ABOUT:

                               DialogBox(hInst, (LPCTSTR)IDD_ABOUTBOX, hWnd, (DLGPROC)About);

                               break;

                            case IDM_EXIT:

                               DestroyWindow(hWnd);

                               break;

                            default:

                               return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);

                     }

                     break;

              case WM_PAINT:

                     hdc = BeginPaint(hWnd, &ps);

                     // TODO: Add any drawing code here...

                     RECT rt;

                     GetClientRect(hWnd, &rt);

                     DrawText(hdc, szHello, strlen(szHello), &rt, DT_CENTER);

                     EndPaint(hWnd, &ps);

                     break;

              case WM_DESTROY:

                     PostQuitMessage(0);

                     break;

              default:

                     return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);

   }

   return 0;

}

 

// Mesage handler for about box.

LRESULT CALLBACK About(HWND hDlg, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)

{

       switch (message)

       {

              case WM_INITDIALOG:

                            return TRUE;

 

              case WM_COMMAND:

                     if (LOWORD(wParam) == IDOK || LOWORD(wParam) == IDCANCEL)

                     {

                            EndDialog(hDlg, LOWORD(wParam));

                            return TRUE;

                     }

                     break;

       }

    return FALSE;

}