Resource 与 Autowired的区别

目前有两种注解方式实现在一个类中实现依赖注入，@Resource 和 @Autowired

目前网上资料关于这两者的区别有如下几点：

1、来源不同

      Resource注解是由javax.annotation.Resource，不是spring框架的，而Autowired由spring所提供，其位于org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired

2、支持装配类型不同

      Autowired只能按照类型进行装配，而Resource不仅能按照类型进行装配，还可以按照名称进行装配

•      按名称装配其实现细节如下：

	protected void autowireByName(
			String beanName, AbstractBeanDefinition mbd, BeanWrapper bw, MutablePropertyValues pvs) {

		String[] propertyNames = unsatisfiedNonSimpleProperties(mbd, bw);
		for (String propertyName : propertyNames) {
			if (containsBean(propertyName)) { //从单例池中根据名称获取bean
				Object bean = getBean(propertyName);
				pvs.add(propertyName, bean);
				registerDependentBean(propertyName, beanName);
				if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
					logger.debug("Added autowiring by name from bean name '" + beanName +
							"' via property '" + propertyName + "' to bean named '" + propertyName + "'");
				}
			}
			else {
				if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
					logger.trace("Not autowiring property '" + propertyName + "' of bean '" + beanName +
							"' by name: no matching bean found");
				}
			}
		}
	}

•     按类型装配其细节如下：

  

protected void autowireByType(
			String beanName, AbstractBeanDefinition mbd, BeanWrapper bw, MutablePropertyValues pvs) {

		TypeConverter converter = getCustomTypeConverter();
		if (converter == null) {
			converter = bw;
		}

		Set<String> autowiredBeanNames = new LinkedHashSet<>(4);
		String[] propertyNames = unsatisfiedNonSimpleProperties(mbd, bw);
		for (String propertyName : propertyNames) {
			try {
				PropertyDescriptor pd = bw.getPropertyDescriptor(propertyName);
				// Don't try autowiring by type for type Object: never makes sense,
				// even if it technically is a unsatisfied, non-simple property.
				if (Object.class != pd.getPropertyType()) {
					MethodParameter methodParam = BeanUtils.getWriteMethodParameter(pd);
					// Do not allow eager init for type matching in case of a prioritized post-processor.
					boolean eager = !PriorityOrdered.class.isInstance(bw.getWrappedInstance());
					DependencyDescriptor desc = new AutowireByTypeDependencyDescriptor(methodParam, eager);
					Object autowiredArgument = resolveDependency(desc, beanName, autowiredBeanNames, converter);
					if (autowiredArgument != null) {
						pvs.add(propertyName, autowiredArgument);
					}
					for (String autowiredBeanName : autowiredBeanNames) {
						registerDependentBean(autowiredBeanName, beanName);
						if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
							logger.debug("Autowiring by type from bean name '" + beanName + "' via property '" +
									propertyName + "' to bean named '" + autowiredBeanName + "'");
						}
					}
					autowiredBeanNames.clear();
				}
			}catch (BeansException ex) {
				throw new UnsatisfiedDependencyException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, propertyName, ex);
			}
		}
	}

  

 

这上面的都是从功能上进行区分两种的不同之处，其两者在源码中的实现不同之处如下：

@Resource是由  CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor 这个类实现的，其既支持byName又支持byType的原因是Resource注解中含有两个属性：name(通过名称获取),type（通过类型获取），Spring处理@Resource的逻辑如下所示：

public ResourceElement(Member member, AnnotatedElement ae, @Nullable PropertyDescriptor pd) {
			super(member, pd);
			Resource resource = ae.getAnnotation(Resource.class);
			String resourceName = resource.name();
			Class<?> resourceType = resource.type();
			this.isDefaultName = !StringUtils.hasLength(resourceName);
			if (this.isDefaultName) {
				resourceName = this.member.getName();  //得到name的值
				if (this.member instanceof Method && resourceName.startsWith("set") && resourceName.length() > 3) {
					resourceName = Introspector.decapitalize(resourceName.substring(3));
				}
			}
			else if (embeddedValueResolver != null) {
				resourceName = embeddedValueResolver.resolveStringValue(resourceName);
			}
			if (Object.class != resourceType) {
				checkResourceType(resourceType);
			}
			else {
				// No resource type specified... check field/method.
				resourceType = getResourceType();  //得到其类型
			}
			this.name = (resourceName != null ? resourceName : "");
			this.lookupType = resourceType;
			String lookupValue = resource.lookup(); 
			this.mappedName = (StringUtils.hasLength(lookupValue) ? lookupValue : resource.mappedName());
			Lazy lazy = ae.getAnnotation(Lazy.class);
			this.lazyLookup = (lazy != null && lazy.value());
		}

@Autowired是由 AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor 这个类实现的