小学生python游戏编程arcade----基本知识1

前言

前面章节分享试用了pyzero,pygame但随着想增加更丰富的游戏内容，好多还要进行自己编写类，从今天开始解绍一个新的python游戏库arcade模块。

基本知识

1、简单窗体

中文自动支持，看标题，其它什么都没改

import arcade

# 设置
SCREEN_WIDTH = 1000
SCREEN_HEIGHT = 650
SCREEN_TITLE = "我的游戏"


class MyGame(arcade.Window):
    def __init__(self):
        # Call the parent class and set up the window
        super().__init__(SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT, SCREEN_TITLE)

        arcade.set_background_color(arcade.csscolor.CORNFLOWER_BLUE)

    def setup(self):
        """Set up the game here. Call this function to restart the game."""
        pass

    def on_draw(self):
        """Render the screen."""

        self.clear()
        # Code to draw the screen goes here


def main():
    """Main function"""
    window = MyGame()
    window.setup()
    arcade.run()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

从代码中可以看到：
您可以通过四种方式指定颜色：
标准的CSS颜色名称 Arcade.css颜色包 ： arcade.csscolor.RED
非标准颜色名称(此程序包)： arcade.color.RED
三个字节的数字： (255, 0, 0)
四个字节的数字(第四个字节是透明度。0透明，255不透明)： (255, 0, 0, 255)
代码可试：
arcade.set_background_color(arcade.csscolor.RED)，背景换成了红色

2、试着添加角色及背景

# _*_ coding: UTF-8 _*_
# 开发团队： 信息化未来
# 开发人员： Administrator
# 开发时间：2022/11/4 16:59
# 文件名称： game1.py
# 开发工具: PyCharm
import arcade

# 设置
SCREEN_WIDTH = 1000
SCREEN_HEIGHT = 650
SCREEN_TITLE = "我的游戏"

# 常量用于从原始大小缩放精灵
CHARACTER_SCALING = 1
TILE_SCALING = 0.5

class MyGame(arcade.Window):
    def __init__(self):
        # Call the parent class and set up the window
        super().__init__(SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT, SCREEN_TITLE)
        self.wall_list = None
        self.player_list = None
        # Separate variable that holds the player sprite
        self.player_sprite = None

        arcade.set_background_color(arcade.csscolor.RED)


    def setup(self):
        """Set up the game here. Call this function to restart the game."""
        self.player_list = arcade.SpriteList()
        self.wall_list = arcade.SpriteList(use_spatial_hash=True)

        # 添加角色.
        image_source = "images/bird.png"
        self.player_sprite = arcade.Sprite(image_source, CHARACTER_SCALING)
        self.player_sprite.center_x = 64
        self.player_sprite.center_y = 128
        self.player_list.append(self.player_sprite)

        # 利用循环创建背景
        for x in range(0, 1440, 480):
            wall = arcade.Sprite("images/bg2.png", TILE_SCALING)
            wall.center_x = x
            wall.center_y = 650/2
            self.wall_list.append(wall)

        # 在地上放些板条箱， 这显示了使用坐标列表放置精灵
        coordinate_list = [[512, 96], [256, 96], [768, 96]]

        for coordinate in coordinate_list:
            # Add a crate on the ground
            wall = arcade.Sprite(
                ":resources:images/tiles/boxCrate_double.png", TILE_SCALING
            )
            wall.position = coordinate
            self.wall_list.append(wall)

    def on_draw(self):
        self.clear()
        self.wall_list.draw()
        self.player_list.draw()


def main():
    """Main function"""
    window = MyGame()
    window.setup()
    arcade.run()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

3、场景

import arcade

# 设置
SCREEN_WIDTH = 1000
SCREEN_HEIGHT = 650
SCREEN_TITLE = "我的游戏"

# 常量用于从原始大小缩放精灵
CHARACTER_SCALING = 1
TILE_SCALING = 0.5

class MyGame(arcade.Window):
    def __init__(self):
        # Call the parent class and set up the window
        super().__init__(SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT, SCREEN_TITLE)
        self.scene = None
        self.player_sprite = None

        arcade.set_background_color(arcade.csscolor.BLUE)


    def setup(self):

        # 初始化场景
        self.scene = arcade.Scene()

        # 添加精灵列表
        self.scene.add_sprite_list("Player")
        self.scene.add_sprite_list("Walls", use_spatial_hash=True)

        # 添加角色.
        image_source = "images/bird.png"
        self.player_sprite = arcade.Sprite(image_source, CHARACTER_SCALING)
        self.player_sprite.center_x = 264
        self.player_sprite.center_y = 128
        self.scene.add_sprite("Player", self.player_sprite)

        wall = arcade.Sprite("images/1-1.png", TILE_SCALING)
        wall.center_x = SCREEN_WIDTH /2
        wall.center_y = SCREEN_HEIGHT /2
        self.scene.add_sprite("Walls", wall)



    def on_draw(self):
        self.clear()
        self.scene.draw()
        # self.wall_list.draw()
        # self.player_list.draw()


def main():
    """Main function"""
    window = MyGame()
    window.setup()
    arcade.run()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

4、角色控制及物理引擎

需要创建一个物理引擎，以移动我们的角色，并防止她跑过墙壁。这个 PhysicsEngineSimple 类有两个参数：移动的精灵和移动的精灵不能移动的精灵列表。有关物理引擎的更多信息，请参阅 arcade.PhysicsEngineSimple 。

# _*_ coding: UTF-8 _*_
# 开发团队： 信息化未来
# 开发人员： Administrator
# 开发时间：2022/11/4 16:59
# 文件名称： game1.py
# 开发工具: PyCharm
import arcade

# 设置
SCREEN_WIDTH = 1000
SCREEN_HEIGHT = 650
SCREEN_TITLE = "我的游戏"

# 常量用于从原始大小缩放精灵
CHARACTER_SCALING = 1
TILE_SCALING = 0.5
PLAYER_MOVEMENT_SPEED = 2.5


class MyGame(arcade.Window):
    def __init__(self):
        # Call the parent class and set up the window
        super().__init__(SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT, SCREEN_TITLE)
        self.scene = None
        self.player_sprite = None

        arcade.set_background_color(arcade.csscolor.BLUE)

        self.physics_engine = None

    def setup(self):

        # 初始化场景
        self.scene = arcade.Scene()

        # 添加精灵列表
        self.scene.add_sprite_list("Player")
        self.scene.add_sprite_list("Walls", use_spatial_hash=True)

        # 添加角色.
        image_source = "images/1-1.png"
        self.player_sprite = arcade.Sprite(image_source, CHARACTER_SCALING)
        self.player_sprite.center_x = 264
        self.player_sprite.center_y = 128
        self.scene.add_sprite("Player", self.player_sprite)

        wall = arcade.Sprite("images/房子.png", TILE_SCALING)
        wall.center_x = SCREEN_WIDTH /2
        wall.center_y = SCREEN_HEIGHT /2
        self.scene.add_sprite("Walls", wall)

        # 物理引
        self.physics_engine = arcade.PhysicsEngineSimple(
            self.player_sprite, self.scene.get_sprite_list("Walls"))

    def on_draw(self):
        self.clear()
        self.scene.draw()
        # self.wall_list.draw()
        # self.player_list.draw()

    def on_key_press(self, key, modifiers):
        """Called whenever a key is pressed."""

        if key == arcade.key.UP or key == arcade.key.W:
            self.player_sprite.change_y = PLAYER_MOVEMENT_SPEED
        elif key == arcade.key.DOWN or key == arcade.key.S:
            self.player_sprite.change_y = -PLAYER_MOVEMENT_SPEED
        elif key == arcade.key.LEFT or key == arcade.key.A:
            self.player_sprite.change_x = -PLAYER_MOVEMENT_SPEED
        elif key == arcade.key.RIGHT or key == arcade.key.D:
            self.player_sprite.change_x = PLAYER_MOVEMENT_SPEED

    def on_key_release(self, key, modifiers):
        """Called when the user releases a key."""

        if key == arcade.key.UP or key == arcade.key.W:
            self.player_sprite.change_y = 0
        elif key == arcade.key.DOWN or key == arcade.key.S:
            self.player_sprite.change_y = 0
        elif key == arcade.key.LEFT or key == arcade.key.A:
            self.player_sprite.change_x = 0
        elif key == arcade.key.RIGHT or key == arcade.key.D:
            self.player_sprite.change_x = 0

    def on_update(self, delta_time):
        """Movement and game logic"""

        # Move the player with the physics engine
        self.physics_engine.update()


def main():
    """Main function"""
    window = MyGame()
    window.setup()
    arcade.run()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()```

总结

通过此次的《连连看》游戏实现，让我对swing的相关知识有了进一步的了解，对java这门语言也有了比以前更深刻的认识。

java的一些基本语法，比如数据类型、运算符、程序流程控制和数组等，理解更加透彻。java最核心的核心就是面向对象思想，对于这一个概念，终于悟到了一些。

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