人工智能教程 - 数学基础课程1.1 - 数学分析（一）26-27 部分分式,分部积分,归纳法,递归序列

部分分式(Partial fractions)

$\frac{P(x)}{Q(x)}=rationalfunction$（有理数）=ratio of two polynomials

Splits P/Q INTO “EASIER” PIECES

Ex1:

$\int (\frac{1}{x-1}+\frac{3}{x+2})dx=ln|x-1|+3|x+2|+c$

代数问题 Algebra problem

Detect"easy" pieces

cover-up method 掩盖法

$1.\frac{4x-1}{x^2+x+2}=\frac{4x-1}{(x-1)(x+2)}$

$2.=\frac{A}{x-1}+\frac{B}{x+2}$

3.Solve for A & B

Solve for A by multi by(x-1)

$\frac{4x-1}{x+2}=A+\frac{B}{x+2}...(x-1)$

$x=1;\frac{4-1}{1+2}=A;A=1$

方法：

1. 分解因式 Factor the deominator Q
2. 建立等式 set up
3. cover up

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分部积分

Partial Fraction always work:But maybe solvely

STEPO:LONG DIVISION (带余除数)

$\frac{P(x)}{Q(x)}=quotient+\frac{P(x)}{Q(x)}$

Degree P <Degree Q

Ex:

P ( x ) ( x + 4 ) 4 . (