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Nginx(发音同 engine x)是一款轻量级的Web 服务器/反向代理服务器及电子邮件(IMAP/POP3)代理服务器,并在一个BSD-like 协议下发行。其特点是占有内存少,并发能力强,事实上nginx的并发能力确实在同类型的网页服务器中表现较好。Nginx同Apache httpd一样,Nginx也提供基于IP,基于端口以及域名方式的形式来配置虚拟主机。
一、什么是虚拟主机
虚拟主机是使用特殊的软硬件技术,把一台真实的物理服务器主机分割成多个逻辑存储单元。每个逻辑单元都没有物理实体,但是每一个逻辑单元都能像真实的物理主机一样在网络上工作,具有单独的IP地址(或共享的IP地址)、独立的域名以及完整的Internet服务器(支持WWW、FTP、E-mail等)功能。
虚拟主机的关键技术在于,即使在同一台硬件、同一个操作系统上,运行着为多个用户打开的不同的服务器程式,也互不干扰。而各个用户拥有自己的一部分系统资源(IP地址、文档存储空间、内存、CPU等)。各个虚拟主机之间完全独立,在外界看来,每一台虚拟主机和一台单独的主机的表现完全相同。所以这种被虚拟化的逻辑主机被形象地称为“虚拟主机”。
二、基于端口的虚拟主机
1、准备环境#当前环境# more /etc/issueRed Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.3 (Santiago)Kernel \r on an \m# uname -rm2.6.32-279.el6.x86_64 x86_64# nginx -vnginx version: nginx/1.8.0# 创建3个目录用于存放不同形式虚拟主机index.html文件# mkdir -p /website/baseport# mkdir -p /website/baseip# mkdir -p /website/basedomain# vi /website/baseport/index.html <!DOCTYPE html><html><head><title>Base port sample</title></head><body><h1>This is an based port website sample(prot:8080).</h1></body></html>2、配置nginx.conf#第一个虚拟主机server { listen 80; server_name localhost; location / { root html; index index.html index.htm; }#第二个虚拟主机 server { listen 8080; server_name localhost; location / { root /website/port; index index.html index.htm; } }3、验证 # nginx -t #语法检查# service nginx reload #服务重载# curl http://192.168.1.120:8080 #验证基于端口访问<!DOCTYPE html><html> <head><title>Base port sample</title></head><body><h1>This is an based port website sample(prot:8080).</h1></body></html>
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三、基于IP的虚拟主机
1、先添加IP# ifconfig|grep "inet addr" inet addr:192.168.1.120 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0# ifconfig eth0:0 192.168.1.220 netmask 255.255.255.0 up #添加IP到eth0:0# ifconfig|grep "inet addr" inet addr:192.168.1.120 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet addr:192.168.1.220 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.02、配置nginx.conf#第一个虚拟主机server { listen 80; server_name localhost; location / { root html; index index.html index.htm;#第二个虚拟主机 server { listen 192.168.1.220:80; server_name localhost; location / { root /website/baseip; index index.html index.htm; } }3、验证 # nginx -t #语法检查 Author:Leshami # service nginx reload #服务重载 Blog :http://blog.csdn.net/leshami# curl http://192.168.1.220 #验证基于IP访问<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><title>Base ip sample</title></head><body><h1>This is an based ip website sample.</h1></body></html>
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四、基于域名的虚拟主机
1、修改/etc/hosts文件# echo "192.168.1.120 bbs.ycdata.net bbs192.168.1.120 mail.ycdata.net mail> ">>/etc/hosts2、配置nginx.conf#第一个虚拟主机server { listen 80; server_name mail.ycdata.net; location / { root html; index index.html index.htm; }#第二个虚拟主机 server { listen 80; server_name bbs.ycdata.net; location / { root /website/baseport; index index.html index.htm; } }3、验证# curl http://mail.ycdata.net<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><title>Welcome to nginx!</title><style> body { width: 35em; margin: 0 auto; font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; }</style></head><body><h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1><p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed andworking. Further configuration is required.</p><p>For online documentation and support please refer to<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>Commercial support is available at<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p><p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p></body></html># curl http://bbs.ycdata.net<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><title>Base port sample</title></head><body><h1>This is an based port website sample(prot:8080).</h1></body></html>
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