Pku 3372

http://acm.pku.edu.cn/JudgeOnline/problem?id=3372

 

Candy Distribution

Time Limit: 1000MS		Memory Limit: 65536K
Total Submissions: 3758		Accepted: 1938

Description

N children standing in circle who are numbered 1 through N clockwise are waiting their candies. Their teacher distributes the candies by in the following way:

First the teacher gives child No.1 and No.2 a candy each. Then he walks clockwise along the circle, skipping one child (child No.3) and giving the next one (child No.4) a candy. And then he goes on his walk, skipping two children (child No.5 and No.6) and giving the next one (child No.7) a candy. And so on.

Now you have to tell the teacher whether all the children will get at least one candy?

Input

The input consists of several data sets, each containing a positive integer N (2 ≤ N ≤ 1,000,000,000).

Output

For each data set the output should be either "YES" or "NO".

Sample Input

2
3 
4

Sample Output

YES
NO
YES

Source

POJ Monthly--2007.09.09, ailyanlu@zsu

 

题目大意：有n个同学坐成一个圆，一老师发糖果，依次发给第1、2、4、7...个同学，问是否每个同学都能得到至少一个糖。

分析：写个朴素的程序，输出1~100的情况后不难发现，只有当n=2^k（k为整数）时，输出YES。

下面转载一个证明：转自http://hi.baidu.com/5l2_/blog/item/6ffa241041f3b007213f2e20.html

要证:
       仅当N=2^K(K为整数)时，才能至少每人一糖。
证明：
       设第K次到分到第a[K]位小朋友.
       a[0]=0,a[1]=1,a[2]=3,a[3]=6……
       a[k]=K*(K+1)/2 %N

        易知a[k+2*N]=a[k]，我们只要考察k取 0—2N-1这2N个数如果构成了N的完全剩余系那每个小朋友至少可得一颗糖，否则有人永远得不到糖。
        2N个数有点多，我们通过证明a[N-1-k]=a[N+k]，可以把考察范围限定在k取[0,N-1]这N个数。
        下证 a[N-1-k]=a[N+k]
         a[N-1-K]=(N-K-1)*（N-K）/2 %N
                     =(N-1-2*K)*N/2 % N +(K+1)*K/2%N
                    = (N-1)*N/2 % N +(K+1)*K/2%N
                     = (N+K*N+ (N-1)*N/2 )% N +(K+1)*K/2%N
                     =(N+1+2*K)*N/2 % N +(K+1)*K/2%N
                     =(N+K+1)*(N+K) /2 % N
                     =a[N+K]
       
       下面考察a[0]…a[N-1],如果存在 a[i]=a[j] (i!=j)那么就无法构成N 的完全剩余系，反之存在。
   下证仅当N=2^t (t为非负整数) a[0]…a[N-1]两两不等。     
        1.N为奇数时 a[N-k-1]=(N-1)*N/2 % N +(K+1)*K/2%N=a[k]+ (N-1)*N/2 % N=a[k]
           故存在 a[i]=a[j] (i!=j)
        2.N=S*2^l (S>1为奇数,l>0)时
           a[i]=a[j] (i!=j)等价(j-i)(i+j+1)/2 %N=0.
           设 2^t=<S<2^(t+1),M为l和t+1的较大者
           令   j-i=S,j+i+1=2^M 解得 j=(S+2^M-1)/2 ,i=(2^M-S-1)/2
           0<(S+2^M-1)/2<(S+2*S)/2<2*S<=N
           0=(1-1)/2=<(2^M-S-1)/2<(2*S-S-1)/2<2*S<=N
           故存在 a[i]=a[j] (i!=j)
       3.N=2^l(l>=0)时
          假设存在a[i]=a[j] (i!=j)
          即(j-i)(i+j+1)/2=K*N. (i!=j)
          (j-i)和(i+j+1)不同奇偶，则(j-i)=X*N或(i+j+1)=X*N (X>=1)
          0<j-i<=N-1,0<j+i+1<=N-1+N-2+1=2N-2 故只能 i+j+1=N
          j-i为奇数 故 (j-i)*N/2 %N!=0
          即不存在a[i]=a[j] (i!=j)
        由此，得证仅N=2^t (t为非负整数) 时a[0]…a[N-1]两两不等。
证毕!

 

codes:

 

var n:longint; begin while not eof do begin readln(n); while n>1 do begin if n mod 2<>0 then break; n:=n div 2; end; if n=1 then writeln('YES') else writeln('NO'); end; end.