android学习笔记：serversocket和socket创建简单聊天室

要实现聊天当然要有一个服务端和客户端，服务端的作用是接收客户端的数据，再广播给所有客户端，这样就实现的了一个简单的聊天室。

一、服务端的实现

服务端选择在PC端用Eclipse建立项目。首先创建一个线程，在线程中创建ServerSocket用来监听客户端接入，每增加一个接入者，新开一个线程。

public class SocketListener extends Thread {

	@Override
	public void run() {
		try {
			ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8888, 50);
			Socket socket;
			ChatSocket cs;
			while (true) {
				socket = serverSocket.accept();
				cs = new ChatSocket(socket);
				cs.start();
				ChatManager.getChatManager().add(cs);
			}
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		
	}	
}

然后在新开的线程中实现数据的接收和发送。

public class ChatSocket extends Thread{

	private Socket socket;
	
	public ChatSocket(Socket socket) {
		this.socket = socket;
	}
	
	public void output(String s) {		
		try {
			String msg;			
			int begin = s.indexOf("<");
			int end = s.indexOf(">");
			if (begin > -1 && end > -1) {
				String name = s.substring(begin, end + 1);		
				s = s.substring(end + 1);
				String time = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss").format(new Date());
				msg = name + "  " + time + "\n" + s + "\n";				
			} else {
				msg = "请使用标准客户端连接\n";
			}
			
			socket.getOutputStream().write(msg.getBytes("UTF-8"));
		} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

	@Override
	public void run() {
		BufferedReader br;
		String line;
		try {			
			br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream(), "UTF-8"));
			line = null;
			while ((line=br.readLine()) != null) {
				ChatManager.getChatManager().publish(line);
			}
			br.close();
		} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}		
}

然后，新建一个类，用来存放已连接客户端，实现数据广播。

public class ChatManager {
	public static final String END_MSG_SYMBOL = "@$end$@";
	private String msg = "";

	private ChatManager() {}
	private static final ChatManager cm = new ChatManager();
	public static ChatManager getChatManager() {
		return cm;
	}
	
	Vector<ChatSocket> vector = new Vector<ChatSocket>();
	
	public void add(ChatSocket cs) {
		vector.add(cs);
	}
	
	public void publish(String s) {
		msg += s + "\n";
		if(s.equals(END_MSG_SYMBOL)) {			
			for (ChatSocket cs : vector) {
				cs.output(msg);
			}
			msg = "";
		}
	}
}

最后在主方法中开启服务，服务端就建立好了。

public class Main {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		new SocketListener().start();
	}

}

二、客户端的实现

客户端选择在Android端。主要代码集中在发送和接收。

布局：

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

 
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tvCurrentName"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="@string/current_name"
        android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceMedium" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tvConnectState"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="@string/connect_state"
        android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceMedium" />

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:orientation="horizontal">


        <EditText
            android:id="@+id/etSetName"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:hint="@string/name" />

        <Button
            android:id="@+id/btnSetName"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="@string/set" />
    </LinearLayout>

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:orientation="horizontal">

        <EditText
            android:id="@+id/etIP"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight="27"
            android:hint="@string/input_ip" />

        <EditText
            android:id="@+id/etPort"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight="10"
            android:hint="@string/port"
            android:inputType="number" />

        <Button
            android:id="@+id/btnConnect"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="@string/connect" />
    </LinearLayout>

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="@string/chat_record"
        android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceMedium" />

    <ScrollView
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:layout_weight="1">

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/tvChatRecord"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
    </ScrollView>

    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/etMassage"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="60dp"
        android:gravity="top"
        android:hint="@string/message" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnSend"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="@string/send" />
</LinearLayout>

JAVA代码：

public class MainActivity extends Activity implements View.OnClickListener{

    private EditText etIP, etPort, etMassage, etSetName;
    private TextView tvChatRecord, tvCurrentName, tvConnectState;
    private BufferedWriter writer;
    private BufferedReader reader;
    private Socket socket;
    private SocketAddress socketAddress;
    private boolean isConnected = false;
    private SharedPreferences sp;
    public static final String KEY = "key";
    public static final String END_MSG_SYMBOL = "@$end$@";
    private String currentName = null;
    private boolean connectFailed = false;
    private ProgressDialog progressDialog;
    private AsyncTask<Void, String, Void> task;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        
        init();
        
        findViewById(R.id.btnConnect).setOnClickListener(this);
        findViewById(R.id.btnSend).setOnClickListener(this);
        findViewById(R.id.btnSetName).setOnClickListener(this);
        
    }

    private void init() {
        etIP = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.etIP);
        etPort = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.etPort);
        etMassage = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.etMassage);
        etSetName = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.etSetName);
        tvChatRecord = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tvChatRecord);
        tvCurrentName = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tvCurrentName);
        tvConnectState = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tvConnectState);
        tvConnectState.setText("连接状态：未连接");

        sp = getPreferences(Activity.MODE_PRIVATE);
        currentName = sp.getString(KEY, null);
        if (currentName != null) {
            tvCurrentName.setText("当前昵称：" + currentName);
        }
        
    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
        switch (v.getId()) {
            case R.id.btnConnect:                
                if (currentName != null) {                    
                    connect();                    
                } else {
                    Toast.makeText(this, "请先设置昵称后重新连接", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                } 
                break;
            case R.id.btnSend:
                send();
                break;
            case R.id.btnSetName:
                String tmp = etSetName.getText().toString().trim();
                setName(tmp);
                break;
        }
    }    
    
    private void setName(String s) {        
        if (!s.equals("")) {
            SharedPreferences.Editor editor = sp.edit();
            editor.putString(KEY, s);
            if (editor.commit()) {
                tvCurrentName.setText("当前昵称：" + s);
                currentName = s;
                etSetName.setText("");
                Toast.makeText(this, "昵称设置成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            } else {
                Toast.makeText(this, "昵称设置失败，请重试", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        } else {
            Toast.makeText(this, "昵称不能为空", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }

    private void send() {
        if (isConnected) {
            try {
                String msg = "<" + currentName + ">" + etMassage.getText().toString() + "\n" + END_MSG_SYMBOL + "\n";
                writer.write(msg);
                writer.flush();
                etMassage.setText("");
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        } else {
            Toast.makeText(this, "未连接", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }

    private void connect() {
        try {
            if (writer != null) {
                writer.close();
            }
            if (reader != null) {
                reader.close();
            }
            if (socket != null && !socket.isClosed()) {
                socket.close();
            }
            if (task != null && task.getStatus() != AsyncTask.Status.FINISHED) {
                task.cancel(true);
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        progressDialog = ProgressDialog.show(this, null, "正在连接...");
        
        final String ip = etIP.getText().toString();
        final int port = Integer.valueOf(etPort.getText().toString());
        task = new AsyncTask<Void, String, Void>() {

            @Override
            protected Void doInBackground(Void... params) {
                try {
                    socket = new Socket();
                    socketAddress = new InetSocketAddress(ip, port);
                    socket.connect(socketAddress, 5000);
                    publishProgress("connected");
                    writer = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream()));
                    reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
                    isConnected = true;
                    String line;
                    while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                        if (isCancelled()) break;
                        publishProgress(line);
                    }
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    connectFailed = true;
                }

                return null;
            }

            @Override
            protected void onPostExecute(Void aVoid) {
                if (progressDialog.isShowing()) {
                    progressDialog.dismiss();
                }

                if (connectFailed) {
                    isConnected = false;
                    tvConnectState.setText("连接状态：未连接");
                    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "连接失败，请重新连接", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }

                super.onPostExecute(aVoid);
            }

            @Override
            protected void onProgressUpdate(String... values) {
                if (isCancelled()) return;
                if (progressDialog.isShowing()) {
                    progressDialog.dismiss();
                }
                if (values[0].equals("connected")) {
                    tvConnectState.setText("连接状态：已连接");
                    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "连接成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                } else {
                    if (!values[0].equals(END_MSG_SYMBOL)) {
                        tvChatRecord.append(values[0] + "\n");
                    }
                }

                super.onProgressUpdate(values);
            }

        }.execute();
    }
}

manifest里加网络权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />

值得注意的是因为使用readline();方法，所以每条数据发送时都要加上换行符"\n"或"\r"之类，这个问题搞了我几个小时的时间，奶奶的。

还有，使用socket直接

socket = new Socket(ip, port);

一个对象出来时，如果IP不对，或者服务器没开等的情况时，会出现长时间没反应，不是无响应，也不报错。所以最
好还是加个超时的好。

当屏幕旋转，切换输入法键盘...一些会重新加载onCreate()方法时，程序会出问题。所以在manifest里配置一下，在Activity里加上下面一条

android:configChanges="keyboardHidden|orientation|screenSize|keyboard"

最后是效果图了