设计模式之组合模式(Composite)

优点：1)组合模式使基本对象组合成复杂对象，复杂对象继续组合，形成递归
2)组合模式可以让客户使用一致的组合对象和单个对象

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;

//纯虚函数，只提供接口，没有默认的实现
class Base
{
public:
    virtual void Operation(){}
    virtual void add(Base *){}
    virtual Base *getChild(int){return NULL;}
    virtual ~Base(){}
protected:
    string _name;
};

//Leaf是叶子结点,也就是不含有子组件的结点类，所以不用实现Add、Remove、GetChild等方法
class Leaf : public Base
{
public:
    void Operation(){cout<< "Leaf name:" << _name.c_str() <<endl;}
    Leaf(string name){_name = name;}
    ~Leaf(){}
};

class Composite : public Base
{
public:
    Composite(string name){_name = name;}
    ~Composite(){}
    void Operation()
    {
        cout<< "Composite name:" << _name.c_str() <<endl;
        for(int i = 0; i < _baseVector.size(); ++i)
            _baseVector.at(i)->Operation();
    }
    void add(Base *base){_baseVector.push_back(base);}
    Base *getChild(int index)
    {
        if(index < 0 && index > _baseVector.size())
            return NULL;
        return _baseVector[index];
    }
private:
    vector<Base*> _baseVector;
};


int main()
{
    Base *root = new Composite("root");

    Base *a = new Leaf("a");
    Base *b = new Leaf("b");
    Base *c = new Leaf("c");
    Base *composite = new Composite("composite");
    composite->add(a);
    composite->add(b);
    root->add(c);
    root->add(composite);

    root->Operation();
    return 0;
}

运行结果：
Composite name:root
Leaf name:c
Composite name:composite
Leaf name:a
Leaf name:b