很多时候,我们在加载大图片或者需要处理较多图像数据的时候,希望显示效果能好点,不至于因为图片解码耗时产生ANR等情况,不得不说异步加载是个不错的方法。说到异步加载,避免application出现ANR情况,我们一般都是另起线程,不占用Main Thread,这样就能避免ANR情况产生。常用的异步方法有:AsyncTask,HandlerThread,Activity.runOnUIThread(Runnable)等。本文介绍的大图片异步加载使用的就是AsyncTask来实现的。
先定义一个ImageView对象image,该对象就是我们最终要显示的图片。简化我们获取图片的过程,这里用resource id即放在drawable下的图片mActualImageId为例,当然,我们也可以从网络上下载或者设定选定SD卡中的某张图片。图片未真正解码获取之前,我们用加载图片显示mLoadingImage。
第一步:创建AsyncTask
- private class BitmapWorkerTask extends AsyncTask<Integer, Void, BitmapDrawable> {
- private int mResId;
- private final WeakReference<ImageView> imageViewReference;
- public BitmapWorkerTask(ImageView imageView) {
- imageViewReference = new WeakReference<ImageView>(imageView);
- }
- /**
- * Background processing.
- */
- @Override
- protected BitmapDrawable doInBackground(Integer... params) {
- Log.d(TAG, "doInBackground - starting work");
- mResId = params[0].intValue();
- Bitmap bitmap = null;
- BitmapDrawable drawable = null;
- Log.d(TAG, "doInBackground - mResId = " + mResId);
- if (bitmap == null) {
- bitmap = processBitmap(mResId);
- }
- if (bitmap != null) {
- // Running on Honeycomb or newer, so wrap in a standard BitmapDrawable
- drawable = new BitmapDrawable(mResource, bitmap);
- }
- Log.d(TAG, "doInBackground - finished work");
- return drawable;
- }
- /**
- * Once the image is processed, associates it to the imageView
- */
- @Override
- protected void onPostExecute(BitmapDrawable value) {
- // if cancel was called on this task or the "exit early" flag is set then we're done
- final ImageView imageView = getAttachedImageView();
- if (value != null && imageView != null) {
- Log.d(TAG, "onPostExecute - setting bitmap");
- if (mProgress != null) {
- mProgress.setVisibility(View.GONE);
- }
- setImageDrawable(imageView, value);
- }
- }
- private ImageView getAttachedImageView() {
- final ImageView imageView = imageViewReference.get();
- final BitmapWorkerTask bitmapWorkerTask = getBitmapWorkerTask(imageView);
- if (this == bitmapWorkerTask) {
- return imageView;
- }
- return null;
- }
- }
第二步:创建异步drawable对象
先看我们创建的异步drawable对象是什么?
- private static class AsyncDrawable extends BitmapDrawable {
- private final WeakReference<BitmapWorkerTask> bitmapWorkerTaskReference;
- public AsyncDrawable(Resources res, Bitmap bitmap, BitmapWorkerTask bitmapWorkerTask) {
- super(res, bitmap);
- bitmapWorkerTaskReference =
- new WeakReference<BitmapWorkerTask>(bitmapWorkerTask);
- }
- public BitmapWorkerTask getBitmapWorkerTask() {
- return bitmapWorkerTaskReference.get();
- }
- }
该类很重要的一个成员是弱引用bitmapWorkerTaskReference,在内存不足的情况下,弱引用指向的数据会被系统回收,这样就不会因系统内存不足,长时间等待而引起ANR。注意到构造函数实际上会调用super(res, bitmap),我们这个类继承自BitmapDrawable,如果撇开弱引用不管,这个类实际上就是BitmapDrawable。
好,铺垫了这么多,异步加载的方法下面可以展开了。
第三步:异步加载图片
- public void loadImage(int resId, ImageView image) {
- if (image == null) {
- return ;
- }
- mActualImageId = resId;
- mAsyncTask = new BitmapWorkerTask(image);
- final AsyncDrawable asyncDrawable = new AsyncDrawable(mResource, mLoadingImage, mAsyncTask);
- image.setImageDrawable(asyncDrawable);
- mAsyncTask.executeOnExecutor(AsyncTask.SERIAL_EXECUTOR, mActualImageId);
- }
首先,创建AsyncTask对象mAsyncTask;
然后,创建一个异步drawable对象asyncDrawable,调用ImageView对象image的setImageDrawable方法。到这步,我们界面上显示的暂时是一个临时的图片,如:
最后,我们启动AsyncTask去解码,并最终解码获得图片的drawable对象。使用ImageView的接口函数setImageDrawable接口将最终图片显示内容显示出来。实例如下图: