java中怎样使用异常

1创建一个统一异常处理类

package com.zhdgps.znetlbs.exception;


import com.zhdgps.cloud.common.constant.Constants;
import com.zhdgps.cloud.common.exception.BusinessException;
import com.zhdgps.cloud.common.exception.EncryptException;
import com.zhdgps.cloud.common.exception.ErrorCode;
import com.zhdgps.cloud.common.http.response.ResponseHelper;
import com.zhdgps.znetlbs.dto.es.ResponseDto;
import com.zhdgps.znetlbs.remote.http.HttpGNSSResponse;
import com.zhdgps.znetlbs.remote.http.service.EncryptService;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.validation.BindException;
import org.springframework.web.bind.MethodArgumentNotValidException;
import org.springframework.web.bind.MissingServletRequestParameterException;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestControllerAdvice;

import java.util.Optional;


@RestControllerAdvice
@Slf4j
public class GlobalException {

    @Autowired
    EncryptService encryptService;

    /**
     * 统一异常处理
     * @param e
     * @return
     */
    @ExceptionHandler(Exception.class)
    public ResponseEntity<Object> exceptionHandler(Exception e) {
        log.error(Constants.HTTP_RES_CODE_500_VALUE, e);
        return ResponseHelper.failed(Constants.HTTP_RES_CODE_500_VALUE);
    }

    /**
     * 业务异常类统一处理
     * @param e
     * @return
     */
    @ExceptionHandler(BusinessException.class)
    public ResponseEntity<Object> businessExceptionHandler(BusinessException e) {
        return ResponseHelper.failed(e.getErrorCode().getKey(), e.getMessage());
    }

    /**
     * 参数绑定异常
     * @param e
     * @return
     */
    @ExceptionHandler({MethodArgumentNotValidException.class, BindException.class, MissingServletRequestParameterException.class})
    public ResponseEntity<Object> businessExceptionHandler(Exception e) {
        if (e instanceof MethodArgumentNotValidException) {
            MethodArgumentNotValidException exception = (MethodArgumentNotValidException) e;
            String message = Optional.ofNullable(exception.getBindingResult().getFieldError())
                    .flatMap(fieldError -> Optional.ofNullable(fieldError.getDefaultMessage())).orElse("");
            return ResponseHelper.failed(ErrorCode.MISSING_PARAMS.getKey(), StringUtils.isEmpty(message) ? "缺少必填参数" : message);
        }
        return ResponseHelper.failed(ErrorCode.MISSING_PARAMS.getKey(), "缺少必填参数");
    }

    /**
     * xxx异常
     * @param e
     * @return
     */
    @ExceptionHandler(xxxException.class)
    public ResponseEntity<Object> authExceptionHandler(xxxException e) {
        xxxResponse response = new xxxResponse(e.getCode() + "", e.getMessage());
        return new ResponseEntity<>(xxxService.xxxhanshu(response), HttpStatus.OK);
    }

    @ExceptionHandler(xxxException.class)
    public ResponseEntity<Object> xxxExceptionHandler(xxxException e) {
        ResponseDto responseDto = new ResponseDto();
        responseDto.setErrorCode(e.getErrorCode());
        responseDto.setErrorMessage(e.getErrorMessage());

        return new ResponseEntity<>(xxxService.xxxhanshu(responseDto), HttpStatus.OK);
    }


}

2、在业务层抛出异常

if(ObjectUtils.isEmpty(receiver.getIp()) || receiver.getPort() == null){
    throw new BusinessException(ErrorCode.BUSINESS_ERROR,"xxxx不存在");
}

其中ErrorCode类：

public enum ErrorCode {
    /**
     * 错误码不需要定义错误描述，直接抛出异常
     */
    METHOD_NOT_FOUND_ERROR(404),
    UNKNOWN_ERROR(500),
    METHOD_NOT_SUPPORT(403),
    PARAMS_INVALID(405),
    DATA_NOT_EXIST(406),
    DATA_DUPLICATION(407),
    BUSINESS_ERROR(408),
    MISSING_PARAMS(409),
    PARAMS_TYPE_INVALID(402),
    METHOD_ARGUMENT_NOT_VALID(400),
    RECEIVER_ERROR(501),
    UNAUTHORIZED(401);

    private final Integer code;

    ErrorCode(Integer code) {
        this.code = code;
    }

    public Integer getKey() {
        return code;
    }
}

3、在controller层抛出异常，让统一异常处理类捕获，然后使用统一异常类中的方法返回提示信息

public ResponseEntity<RestResult> xxxInfo(@RequestBody @Valid xxxxVo xxxxVo, @ApiIgnore Integer userId)throws ExecutionException