SpringCloud-GateWay学习笔记

1.创建gateway工程，pom.xml导入相关依赖

<!--spring boot ⽗启动器依赖-->
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.6.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/>
    </parent>

    <!-- springCloud大版本-->
    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>Greenwich.RELEASE</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <dependencies>
        <!--引⼊Jaxb，开始-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.sun.xml.bind</groupId>
            <artifactId>jaxb-core</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.11</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.xml.bind</groupId>
            <artifactId>jaxb-api</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.sun.xml.bind</groupId>
            <artifactId>jaxb-impl</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.11</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.glassfish.jaxb</groupId>
            <artifactId>jaxb-runtime</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.10-b140310.1920</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.activation</groupId>
            <artifactId>activation</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--引⼊Jaxb，结束-->
        <!--⽇志依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-logging</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--测试依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!--lombok⼯具-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Actuator可以帮助你监控和管理Spring Boot应⽤-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--热部署-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-commons</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webflux</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

2.配置文件application.yml

server:
  port: 9002
spring:
  application:
    name: gateway
  cloud:
    gateway:
      routes:    //路由
        - id: auto
          uri: http://127.0.0.1:8091
          predicates:
            - Path=/auto/**
        - id: find
          uri: lb://lagou-edu-find    //lb代表从注册中心获取
          predicates:    //断言
            - Path=/resume/**    //P大写匹配路径
eureka:
  instance:
    hostname: localhost
    prefer-ip-address: true
    instance-id: ${spring.cloud.client.ip-address}:${spring.application.name}:${server.port}:@project.version@
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
    register-with-eureka: true
    fetch-registry: true

3.启动类

@SpringBootApplication
public class GateWayApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(GateWayApplication.class,args);
    }
}

4.全局过滤器

@Slf4j
@Component
public class BlackListFilter implements GlobalFilter, Ordered {
    private static List<String> blackList = new ArrayList<>();
    static {
        blackList.add("0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1"); // 模拟本机地址
    }

    /**
     *
     * @param exchange  封装了request和response对象
     * @param chain     网关过滤器链（包括全局过滤器和但路由过滤器）
     * @return
     */
    @Override
    public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) {
        ServerHttpRequest request = exchange.getRequest();
        ServerHttpResponse response = exchange.getResponse();
        // 从request对象中获取客户端ip
        String clientIp =
                request.getRemoteAddress().getHostString();
        if(blackList.contains(clientIp)) {
            response.setStatusCode(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED); // 状态码
            String data = "Request be denied!";
            //log.debug("=====>IP:" + clientIp + " 在⿊名单中，将被拒绝访问！");
            DataBuffer wrap =
                    response.bufferFactory().wrap(data.getBytes());
            return response.writeWith(Mono.just(wrap));
        }
        return chain.filter(exchange);
    }

    @Override
    public int getOrder() {
        return 0;
    }
}

5.单路由过滤器

predicates:
 - Path=/resume/**
filters:    //过滤器
 - StripPrefix=1 # 可以去掉resume之后转发